Bacterial Diversity in Oral Samples of Children in Niger with Acute Noma, Acute Necrotizing Gingivitis, and Healthy Controls

Bolívar, Ignacio; Whiteson, Katrine; Stadelmann, Benoît; Baratti-Mayer, Denise; Gizard, Yann; Mombelli, Andrea; Pittet, Didier; Schrenzel, Jacques

doi:10.1371/journal.pntd.0001556

Cited by 64 publications

(71 citation statements)

References 33 publications

(48 reference statements)

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“…18 & Bolivar et al 19 identified prevotella intermedia and peptostreptococus to be more clearly associated with noma. As it has a multifactorial etiology, additional studies are warranted to clarify its exact microbiology.…”

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confidence: 97%

The Real Face of “Face of Poverty”: An Insight on Noma

Jain¹,

Ranka²

2017

HPMIJ

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mentioning

confidence: 97%

The Real Face of “Face of Poverty”: An Insight on Noma

Jain¹,

Ranka²

2017

HPMIJ

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“…revotella intermedia is a black-pigmented anaerobic Gramnegative bacterium which has long been known to be associated with oral diseases, such as chronic periodontitis (1-3), aggressive periodontitis (4-6), puberty-associated gingivitis, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (7,8), periapical periodontitis (9,10), and noma (an acute gangrenous disease) (11,12). Besides being involved in oral diseases, P. intermedia has also been reported to be associated with various systemic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, chronic bronchitis (13)(14)(15), and atherosclerosis (16).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

In Vitro Effects of Polyphosphate against Prevotella intermedia in Planktonic Phase and Biofilm

Jang

Kim

Noh

et al. 2016

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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c Polyphosphate (polyP) has gained a wide interest in the food industry due to its potential as a decontaminating agent. In this study, we examined the effect of sodium tripolyphosphate (polyP3; Na 5 P 3 O 10 ) against planktonic and biofilm cells of Prevotella intermedia, a major oral pathogen. The MIC of polyP3 against P. intermedia ATCC 49046 determined by agar dilution method was 0.075%, while 0.05% polyP3 was bactericidal against P. intermedia in time-kill analysis performed using liquid medium. A crystal violet binding assay for the assessment of biofilm formation by P. intermedia showed that sub-MICs of polyP3 significantly decreased biofilm formation. Under the scanning electron microscope, decreased numbers of P. intermedia cells forming the biofilms were observed when the bacterial cells were incubated with 0.025% or higher concentrations of polyP3. Assessment of biofilm viability with LIVE/DEAD staining and viable cell count methods showed that 0.05% or higher concentrations of polyP3 significantly decreased the viability of the preformed biofilms in a concentration-dependent manner. The zone sizes of alpha-hemolysis formed on horse blood agar produced by P. intermedia were decreased in the presence of polyP3. The expression of the genes encoding hemolysins and the genes of the hemin uptake (hmu) locus was downregulated by polyP3. Collectively, our results show that polyP is an effective antimicrobial agent against P. intermedia in biofilms as well as planktonic phase, interfering with the process of hemin acquisition by the bacterium. P revotella intermedia is a black-pigmented anaerobic Gramnegative bacterium which has long been known to be associated with oral diseases, such as chronic periodontitis (1-3), aggressive periodontitis (4-6), puberty-associated gingivitis, acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis (7,8), periapical periodontitis (9, 10), and noma (an acute gangrenous disease) (11, 12). Besides being involved in oral diseases, P. intermedia has also been reported to be associated with various systemic diseases, such as cystic fibrosis, chronic bronchitis (13-15), and atherosclerosis (16). Difficulty in controlling the bacterium has been attributed to resistance of P. intermedia to many antibiotics, including penicillins, cephalosporins, and tetracyclines (17, 18). Moreover, P. intermedia cells form a biofilm in which the bacterial cells become more resistant to antibiotics (19). Because biofilm can serve as a reservoir of antibiotic resistance (20), it is of clinical significance to develop alternative antimicrobial approaches for controlling antibiotic-resistant P. intermedia.Inorganic polyphosphate (polyP) is a chain of few or many hundreds of phosphate (P i ) residues linked by high-energy phosphoanhydride (21). Intracellular polyP found in bacteria is considered a virulence factor since it performs various functions, such as serving as an ATP source and substitute, a regulator of the intracellular levels of metal ions, a channel for DNA entry, and a regulator that contributes to bacter...

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“…Our results suggest that as long as P. intermedia is present, all species can survive and the infections can persist. P. intermedia is also associated with the severe oral infections necrotizing gingivitis and noma (54) and with several other polymicrobial infections, including diabetic foot ulcers (55) and bacterial vaginosis (56), and is found in lungs of cystic fibrosis patients (57). It is possible that the cytotoxic activity we have described may be important in these other infections as well.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 89%

Pathogenic Bacterial Species Associated with Endodontic Infection Evade Innate Immune Control by Disabling Neutrophils

Matsui¹,

Johnston²,

Yamazaki³

et al. 2014

Infect Immun

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dEndodontic infections, in which oral bacteria access the tooth pulp chamber, are common and do not resolve once established. To investigate the effects of these infections on the innate immune response, we established a mouse subcutaneous chamber model, where a mixture of four oral pathogens commonly associated with these infections (endodontic pathogens [EP]), i.e., Fusobacterium nucleatum, Streptococcus intermedius, Parvimonas micra, and Prevotella intermedia, was inoculated into subcutaneously implanted titanium chambers. Cells that infiltrated the chamber after these infections were primarily neutrophils; however, these neutrophils were unable to control the infection. Infection with a nonpathogenic oral bacterial species, Streptococcus mitis, resulted in well-controlled infection, with bacterial numbers reduced by 4 to 5 log units after 7 days. Propidium iodide (PI) staining of the chamber neutrophils identified three distinct populations: neutrophils from EP-infected chambers were intermediate in PI staining, while cells in chambers from mice infected with S. mitis were PI positive (apoptotic) or negative (live). Strikingly, neutrophils from EP-infected chambers were severely impaired in their ability to phagocytose and to generate reactive oxygen species in vitro after removal from the chamber compared to cells from S. mitis-infected chambers. The mechanism of neutrophil impairment was necrotic cell death as determined by morphological analyses. P. intermedia alone could induce a similar neutrophil phenotype. We conclude that the endodontic pathogens, particularly P. intermedia, can efficiently disable and kill infiltrating neutrophils, allowing these infections to become established. These results can help explain the persistence of endodontic infections and demonstrate a new virulence mechanism associated with P. intermedia.

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Bacterial Diversity in Oral Samples of Children in Niger with Acute Noma, Acute Necrotizing Gingivitis, and Healthy Controls

Cited by 64 publications

References 33 publications

The Real Face of “Face of Poverty”: An Insight on Noma

The Real Face of “Face of Poverty”: An Insight on Noma

In Vitro Effects of Polyphosphate against Prevotella intermedia in Planktonic Phase and Biofilm

Pathogenic Bacterial Species Associated with Endodontic Infection Evade Innate Immune Control by Disabling Neutrophils

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