Bacterial diversity assessment of pristine mangrove microbial community from Dhulibhashani, Sundarbans using 16S rRNA gene tag sequencing

Abstract

The global knowledge of microbial diversity and function in Sundarbans ecosystem is still scarce, despite global advancement in understanding the microbial diversity. In the present study, we have analyzed the diversity and distribution of bacteria in the tropical mangrove sediments of Sundarbans using 16S rRNA gene amplicon sequencing. Metagenome is comprised of 1,53,926 sequences with 108.8 Mbp data and with 55 ± 2% G + C content. Metagenome sequence data are available at NCBI under the Bioproject database with accession no. PRJNA245459. Bacterial community metagenome sequences were analyzed by MG-RAST software representing the presence of 56,547 species belonging to 44 different phyla. The taxonomic analysis revealed the dominance of phyla Proteobacteria within our dataset. Further taxonomic analysis revealed abundance of Bacteroidetes, Acidobactreia, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Nitrospirae, Cyanobacteria, Planctomycetes and Fusobacteria group as the predominant bacterial assemblages in this largely pristine mangrove habitat. The distribution of different community datasets obtained from four sediment samples originated from one sampling station at two different depths providing better understanding of the sediment bacterial diversity and its relationship to the ecosystem dynamics of this pristine mangrove sediment of Dhulibhashani in, Sundarbans.

Insights on aquatic microbiome of the Indian Sundarbans mangrove areas

“…Abundant bacterial orders are Desulfobacterales, Desulfuromonadales, Myxococcales, and Bdellovibrionales. [8][9][10]. While bacterioplankton communities in the water of this region were found to be abundant with Gammaproteobacteria and Alphaproteobacteria.…”

Contrasted ecological niches shape fungal and prokaryotic community structure in mangroves sediments

“…In contrast, few works considered the microbial community in contrasted ecological niches, that is according to sediment depth, vegetation cover and seasons, associated with the same mangrove sediments (Jing et al, 2016). Previous studies have shown the predominance of prokaryotes affiliated with Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria and Bacteroidetes, with some less abundant phyla such as Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria and Euryarchaeota (Andreote et al, 2012;Mendes and Tsai, 2014;Basak et al, 2015). Studies investigating fungal communities are still scarce in mangrove sediments but reveal a predominance of Ascomycota compared to Basidiomycota (Arfi et al, 2012b;Simões et al, 2015).…”

“…It is then important to understand the microbial ecology of mangrove sediments in the present context of global warming and sea level rise to better understand and protect the ecologically sensitive mangrove habitats (Saravanakumar et al, 2016). Many studies have been conducted in pristine versus contaminated mangrove ecosystems, demonstrating microbial shifts associated to the state of preservation (Basak et al, 2015;Jing et al, 2016). In contrast, few works considered the microbial community in contrasted ecological niches, that is according to sediment depth, vegetation cover and seasons, associated with the same mangrove sediments (Jing et al, 2016).…”

A Review on Mangrove Actinobacterial Diversity: The Roles of Streptomyces and Novel Species Discovery

“…Many of them are associated with ecologically important roles such as nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilising, sulphate reducing, enzyme producing, photosynthetic anoxygenic, and methanogenic [90,91] . Based on previous research findings, the bacterial assemblages which dominated the mangrove ecosystems include phyla Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Chloroflexi, Acidobacteria, Cyanobacteria, Nitrospirae, Fusobacteria, and Planctomycetes [92][93][94][95][96] .…”