Bacterial Diseases of Stone Fruit Trees in Britain. III The Symptoms of Bacterial Canker in Plum Trees.

Wormald, H.

doi:10.1080/03683621.1931.11513380

Cited by 25 publications

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“…Based on bacteriophage typing, two races of pv. morsprunorum have been described: race 1 (Wormald, 1932) pathogenic to cherry, plum and apricot, and race 2 (Freigoun and Crosse, 1975) that infects cherry (Bultreys and Kaluzna, 2010). The type of disease symptoms depends on a cultivar, age of the infected tree, plant tissue invaded, strain of the pathogen, and nature of the predisposing factors.…”

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confidence: 99%

Differentiation of Pseudomonas syringae pathovars originating from stone fruits

Gašić¹,

Prokić²,

Ivanović³

et al. 2012

PESTIC PHYTOMED

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SuMMARyDue to an overlapping host range, similar symptomatology and many common characteristics, Pseudomonas syringae pathovars originating from stone fruits can easily be misidentified. In order to select tests for rapid and efficient differentiation of P. s. pvs. syringae, morsprunorum and persicae, we studied the suitability and differentiating potential of some standard bacteriological and molecular methods. Differentiation of the strains was performed using LOPAT, GATTa and ice nucleation tests, nutrient sucrose broth growth and utilization of various carbon sources. PCR method enabled the detection of toxin-producing genes: syrB and syrD in P. s. pv. syringae, and cfl gene in P. s. pv. morsprunorum race 1. Syringomycin production by pv. syringae was confirmed in bioassay using Geotrichum candidum, Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Rhodotorula pilimanae as indicator organisms. Pathogenicity test on lemon and immature nectarine fruits, as well as on string bean pods, showed different intensity of reaction of the inoculated material which could separate pv. syringae from the other two pathovars. PCR-based repetitive sequences, Rep-PCR with REP, ERIC and BOX primers revealed different genetic profiles within P. syringae pathovars.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

Differentiation of Pseudomonas syringae pathovars originating from stone fruits

Gašić¹,

Prokić²,

Ivanović³

et al. 2012

PESTIC PHYTOMED

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“…Although there have been several reports that pruning cuts provide infection sites for bacterial pathogens (Wormald 1931;Dowler & Petersen 1966;Vigouroux 1970;Luisetti et al 1976;Klement 1977), I have rarely confirmed these wounds as infection sites for bacterial disease development. Heavy pruning may create sites for infection but may also affect a tree's physiology, rendering it more susceptible.…”

Section: Pruningmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Grafting Grafting to rootstocks at ground level is a normal practice in New Zealand. Wormald (1931) first suggested the efficacy of grafting European plum scions high on the stems developed from plum rootstocks resistant to P. syringae morsprunorum to reduce the likelihood that a single trunk infection would result in tree loss. Montgomery et al (1943) and Moore (1946) confirmed the effectiveness of this measure in plum and cherry.…”

Section: Rootstocksmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Bacterial blast, bacterial canker, gummosis, and sour sap are names commonly referred to the disease of apricot, cherry, nectarine, peach, and plum caused by P. syringae syringae. Bacterial canker has been used commonly for the disease caused by P. syringae syringae in cherry (Cameron 1962) and peach (Dowler & Peterson 1966;English et al 1980), but is also given to the disease caused by P. syringae morsprunorum (Wormald 1931) Young et al 1978, a pathogen similar to P. syringae syringae that occurs in other countries on European plum (L.) (Wormald 1931) and cherry (Crosse 1957). The symptoms of canker described (Wormald 1931) for P. syringae morsprunorum in European plum are identical to those of apoplexy in apricot (Klement et al 1974) and PTSL in peach (Ritchie & Clayton 1981).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Orchard management and bacterial diseases of stone fruit

Young

1987

New Zealand Journal of Experimental Agriculture

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The major bacterial pathogens of stone fruit in New Zealand are Xanthomonas campestris pv. pruni (Smith 1903) Dye 1978, causing bacterial spot of stone fruit, Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae van Hall 1902, causing bacterial blast of apricot and cherry, and P. syringae pv. persicae (Prunier et al. 1970) Young et al. 1978, causing bacterial decline of nectarine and peach. Management practices can have an important influence on the incidence of these diseases in stone fruit. This review examines treatment in the nursery, susceptibility of cultivars, effect of root health on susceptibility, rootstocks and grafting, pruning, irrigation management, frost control, and spray measures. Where appropriate, recommendations to reduce disease incidence are made.

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“…According to Cameron, tree losses of 75% have been observed in young cherry orchards in Oregon when environmental conditions were favorable for bacterial canker development [1]. Tree losses of 10% to 43% have been reported in young plum orchards due to bacterial canker in Britain [2,3]. In California, tree losses due to bacterial canker caused by P. syringae pv.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of calcium and nitrogen fertilization on bacterial canker susceptibility in stone fruits

Cao¹,

Duncan²,

Kirkpatrick³

et al. 2013

Fruits

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Original article Fruits, vol. 68 (3) Effect of calcium and nitrogen fertilization on bacterial canker susceptibility in stone fruits. Abstract -Introduction. Bacterial canker, caused by Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, is a destructive disease where stone fruit trees are cultivated. The efficacy of nitrogen and calcium fertilization on bacterial canker susceptibility was evaluated in stone fruits. Materials and methods. Field experiments were conducted to study the efficacy of foliar applications of calcium nitrate, and ground fertilization with CAN-17 plus low-biuret urea foliar spray on bacterial susceptibility in 'Riegel' peach, 'French' prune and 'Nonpareil' almond growing in ring nematode-infested and nematicide-fumigated soils. Host susceptibility was evaluated by measuring the length of lesions developed following inoculation with P. syringae pv. syringae. Results and discussion. Foliar applications of Ca(NO 3 ) 2 significantly increased leaf nitrogen and bark calcium concentrations in peach trees growing in both fumigated and nonfumigated areas. Peach trees growing in nonfumigated areas developed significantly longer lesions than trees growing in fumigated areas. However, Ca(NO 3 ) 2 foliar applications had no effect in decreasing peach susceptibility to bacterial infection in both nonfumigated and fumigated areas. After inoculation, diseased prune trees developed significantly longer lesions than healthy trees. Leaf and bark calcium concentrations of diseased prune were significantly increased after Ca(NO 3 ) 2 foliar sprays, but again the treatments did not significantly affect prune susceptibility to bacterial infection. However, nitrogen fertilization with CAN-17 and urea significantly increased the bark nitrogen concentration of almond trees, and these trees had significantly smaller lesions than those not receiving nitrogen fertilization. Foliar application of calcium (Nutri-Cal) did not affect almond susceptibility to bacterial canker. Collectively, these data support the previous hypothesis that increased susceptibility of stone fruits to P. syringae pv. syringae under nematode infestation conditions is mediated by both nitrogen effects and nitrogenindependent effects, and application of ammonium nitrogen may have some beneficial effects in reducing stone fruit susceptibility to bacterial canker where ring nematode infestation prevails. USA / Prunus persica / Prunus avium / Prunus domestica / plant diseases / Pseudomonas syringae / plant nematodes / Mesocriconema xenoplax / cultivation Effet de la fertilisation calcique et azotée sur la sensibilité au chancre bactérien des arbres fruitiers à noyau.Résumé -Introduction. Le chancre bactérien, causé par Pseudomonas syringae pv. syringae, est une maladie destructrice dans les zones où les fruitiers à noyau sont cultivés. L'efficacité de la fertilisation calcique et azotée sur la sensibilité au chancre bactérien a été évaluée pour ces arbres. Matériel et méthodes. Des expériences de terrain ont été réalisées pour étudier l'efficacité d'applications...

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Bacterial Diseases of Stone Fruit Trees in Britain. III The Symptoms of Bacterial Canker in Plum Trees.

Cited by 25 publications

References 0 publications

Differentiation of Pseudomonas syringae pathovars originating from stone fruits

Differentiation of Pseudomonas syringae pathovars originating from stone fruits

Orchard management and bacterial diseases of stone fruit

Effect of calcium and nitrogen fertilization on bacterial canker susceptibility in stone fruits

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