Bacterial Communities Associated With Flea Vectors of Plague

Erickson, David L.; Anderson, Nathan E.; Cromar, Lauren M.; Jolley, Andrea

doi:10.1603/033.046.0642

Cited by 23 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Molecular phylogenetic analyses based on the 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that the alpha-symbionts of Nysius spp., K. resedae, and other stinkbugs form a very compact monophyletic group, wherein only a few nucleotide variations are present among them. Notably, the alpha-symbiont clade also contained 16S rRNA gene sequences of uncultured bacteria derived from fleas (13) and ticks (17,44). In the Alphaproteobacteria, the alpha-symbiont clade was placed within the Rickettsiales, whose members are endocellular symbionts/parasites/pathogens such as Rickettsia, Wolbachia, Ehrlichia, Anaplasma, etc.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Clade of Alphaproteobacterial Endosymbionts Associated with Stinkbugs and Other Arthropods

Matsuura

Kikuchi

Meng

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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ABSTRACTHere we report a novel clade of secondary endosymbionts associated with insects and other arthropods. Seed bugs of the genusNysius(Hemiptera: Lygaeidae) harbor the primary gammaproteobacterial symbiontSchneideria nysicolawithin a pair of bacteriomes in the abdomen. Our survey ofNysiusspecies for their facultative bacterial associates consistently yielded a novel type of alphaproteobacterial 16S rRNA gene sequence in addition to those ofWolbachia. Diagnostic PCR survey of 343 individuals representing 24 populations of fourNysiusspecies revealed overall detection rates of the alphaproteobacteria at 77.6% inNysius plebeius, 87.7% inNysiussp. 1, 81.0% inNysiussp. 2, and 100% inNysius expressus. Further survey of diverse stinkbugs representing 24 families, 191 species, and 582 individuals detected the alphaproteobacteria from an additional 12 species representing six families. Molecular phylogenetic analysis showed that the alphaproteobacteria from the stinkbugs form a distinct and coherent monophyletic group in the orderRickettsialestogether with several uncharacterized endosymbionts from fleas and ticks. The alphaproteobacterial symbiont clade was allied to bacterial clades such as the endosymbionts of acanthamoebae, the endosymbionts of cnidarians, andMidichloriaspp., the mitochondrion-associated endosymbionts of ticks.In situhybridization and electron microscopy identified small filamentous bacterial cells in various tissues ofN. plebeius, including the bacteriome and ovary. The concentrated localization of the symbiont cells at the anterior pole of oocytes indicated its vertical transmission route through host insect generations. The designation “CandidatusLariskella arthropodarum” is proposed for the endosymbiont clade.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Novel Clade of Alphaproteobacterial Endosymbionts Associated with Stinkbugs and Other Arthropods

Matsuura

Kikuchi

Meng

et al. 2012

Appl Environ Microbiol

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“…These bacterial lineages phylogenetically allied to "Ca. Midichloria mitochondrii" are associated with a wide range of hosts scattered throughout the eukaryotic tree of life, from arthropods, such as ticks, fleas, and stink bugs, to ciliates, amoebae, cnidarians, sponges, fish, and humans (3,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17,18,19). Following Mariconti et al (15), we refer to the bacteria phylogenetically related to "Ca.…”

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confidence: 99%

“Candidatus Midichloriaceae” fam. nov. (Rickettsiales), an Ecologically Widespread Clade of Intracellular Alphaproteobacteria

Montagna

Sassera

Epis

et al. 2013

Appl Environ Microbiol

107

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f "Candidatus Midichloria mitochondrii" is an intramitochondrial bacterium of the order Rickettsiales associated with the sheep tick Ixodes ricinus. Bacteria phylogenetically related to "Ca. Midichloria mitochondrii" (midichloria and like organisms [MALOs]) have been shown to be associated with a wide range of hosts, from amoebae to a variety of animals, including humans. Despite numerous studies focused on specific members of the MALO group, no comprehensive phylogenetic and statistical analyses have so far been performed on the group as a whole. Here, we present a multidisciplinary investigation based on 16S rRNA gene sequences using both phylogenetic and statistical methods, thereby analyzing MALOs in the overall framework of the Rickettsiales. This study revealed that (i) MALOs form a monophyletic group; (ii) the MALO group is structured into distinct subgroups, verifying current genera as significant evolutionary units and identifying several subclades that could represent novel genera; (iii) the MALO group ranks at the level of described Rickettsiales families, leading to the proposal of the novel family "Candidatus Midichloriaceae." In addition, based on the phylogenetic trees generated, we present an evolutionary scenario to interpret the distribution and life history transitions of these microorganisms associated with highly divergent eukaryotic hosts: we suggest that aquatic/environmental protista have acted as evolutionary reservoirs for members of this novel family, from which one or more lineages with the capacity of infecting metazoa have evolved."

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“…Although geographic overlap between MDR Salmonella and Y. pestis occurs in the southwestern United States, identification of bacterial communities within fleas has failed to identify Enterobacteriaceae, suggesting that little opportunity exists for MDR enteric pathogens and Y. pestis to come into contact in this environment (6,7,13,16,17). Previous studies demonstrated that the ability of Xenopsylla cheopis fleas to transmit Y. pestis was severely compromised when the fleas were coinfected with Salmonella (8).…”

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confidence: 99%

Lack of Antimicrobial Resistance in Yersinia pestis Isolates from 17 Countries in the Americas, Africa, and Asia

Urich

Chalcraft

Schriefer

et al. 2012

Antimicrob Agents Chemother

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Yersinia pestisis the causative agent of plague, a fulminant disease that is often fatal without antimicrobial treatment. Plasmid (IncA/C)-mediated multidrug resistance inY. pestiswas reported in 1995 in Madagascar and has generated considerable public health concern, most recently because of the identification of IncA/C multidrug-resistant plasmids in other zoonotic pathogens. Here, we demonstrate no resistance in 392Y. pestisisolates from 17 countries to eight antimicrobials used for treatment or prophylaxis of plague.

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Bacterial Communities Associated With Flea Vectors of Plague

Cited by 23 publications

References 22 publications

Novel Clade of Alphaproteobacterial Endosymbionts Associated with Stinkbugs and Other Arthropods

Novel Clade of Alphaproteobacterial Endosymbionts Associated with Stinkbugs and Other Arthropods

“Candidatus Midichloriaceae” fam. nov. (Rickettsiales), an Ecologically Widespread Clade of Intracellular Alphaproteobacteria

Lack of Antimicrobial Resistance in Yersinia pestis Isolates from 17 Countries in the Americas, Africa, and Asia

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