Bacterial Cellulose-Alginate Composite Beads as Yarrowia lipolytica Cell Carriers for Lactone Production

Abstract

The demand for natural lactone gamma-decalactone (GDL) has increased in the fields of food and cosmetic products. However, low productivity during bioprocessing limits its industrial production. In this study, a novel composite porous cell carrier, bacterial cellulose-alginate (BC-ALG), was used for long-term biotransformation and production of GDL. The effects of this carrier on biotransformation and related mechanisms were investigated. BC-ALG carriers showed improved mechanical strength over ALG carriers, with their internal embedded cell pattern changed to an interconnected porous structure. In five repeated-batch biotransformation experiments, the maximum concentration of GDL obtained in culture with BC-ALG carriers was 8.37 g/L, approximately 3.7 times higher than that from the medium with an ALG carrier alone. The result indicated that multiple hydrogen bonding interactions at the interface between BC and ALG contributed to the compatibility and stability of BC-ALG carriers. On the basis of the above results, the BC-ALG composite carrier can be considered ideal for immobilisation of cells for the production of GDL on an industrial scale, and has the potential to be utilised in other biological processes.

Metabolic and Process Engineering for Producing the Peach-Like Aroma Compound γ-Decalactone in Yarrowia lipolytica

“…Recently, Rong et al used a porous starch delivery system to reduce cell damage during the production of γdecalactone from ricinoleic acid and obtained a product titer of 3.36 g/L. 93 Similalry, Zhang et al used bacterial cellulosealginate (BC-ALG) composite beads as cell carriers for Y. lipolytica, which increased the yield of γ-decalactone to 8.37 g/ L. 94 Thus, immobilized cells are significantly more resistant to toxic components in the fermentation system than free cells. Accordingly, the production capacity of strains can be significantly improved by using immobilized cells for microbial fermentation.…”

Use of Industrial Wastes as Sustainable Nutrient Sources for Bacterial Cellulose (BC) Production: Mechanism, Advances, and Future Perspectives

“…Due to the high porosity combined with a large specific area of three-dimensional structure, research on BC has opened up opportunities for it to be used as a photocatalyst [ 40 ], electronic sensing platform [ 41 ], and biosensing material [ 42 , 43 ] ( Figure 5 ). BC has also been used widely in biomedical applications such as wound-dressing [ 44 , 45 , 46 , 47 ] (applied on the wounded torso, hand, and face) and cell culture [ 48 , 49 , 50 , 51 ] because of its excellent flexibility, high mechanical strength at wet state, water holding capacity, very low risk for irritation due to its ultra-high purity, hygroscopicity, liquid/gasses permeability, and ease of wound inspection due to its transparency. Biopolymer such as polylactic acid (PLA), starch, polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHA) [ 52 , 53 , 54 , 55 , 56 ], and synthetic polymer such as polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and unsaturated polyester (UP) [ 57 , 58 ] are potential polymers to be reinforced with BC.…”

Yarrowia lipolytica as an Oleaginous Platform for the Production of Value-Added Fatty Acid-Based Bioproducts

“…Compared to free cell systems, the immobilized cells could tolerate unsuitable conditions (Li et al, 2009;Macario et al, 2009). For example, using cell immobilization systems with bacterial cellulose-alginate (BC-ALG) carriers, γ-decalactone production was successfully reached with 8.37 g/L in the repeated experiments in Y. lipolytica, an approximately 3.7-fold improvement over with an ALG carrier alone (Zhang et al, 2020).…”

“…Previously, we have summarized in detail the γ-decalactone production by Y. lipolytica (Liu et al, 2015). Recently, using the immobilized culture technology, the maximum production of γ-decalactone reached 8.37 g/L by Y. lipolytica strain on bacterial cellulose-alginate carriers (Zhang et al, 2020). Additionally, using a one-pot biotransformation process containing whole Y. lipolytica cells, the highest production of δ-decalactone at 58.7 mg/L was first performed (Kang et al, 2016).…”