Bacterial canker of tomatoes — histological characterization of cultivar resistance and seed transmission

Stüwe, Brit; Tiedemann, Andreas von

doi:10.1007/bf03356474

Cited by 4 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…To validate the identified genomic region, Rcm6 was dissected by 12 InDel markers ( Figure 2B ; Supplementary Table 3 ). Forty-seven tomato cultivars were evaluated for bacterial canker resistance including previously reported cultivars such as resistant “IRAT L-3” ( Stüwe and von Tiedemann, 2013 ) and susceptible “Moneymaker” ( Mohd Nadzir et al, 2019 ). For the qualitative resistance screening, cultivars were classified as resistant (disease severity score ≤ 2.0) and susceptible (disease severity score ≥ 3.0; Bartkiewicz et al, 2018 ; Abebe et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Tomato bacterial canker is one of the devastating diseases causing substantial economic loss ( Chang et al, 1992 ; Poysa, 1993 ). Breeding of a resistant cultivar is the most efficient and eco-friendly method to control tomato bacterial canker ( Stüwe and von Tiedemann, 2013 ; Sen et al, 2015 ). The QTL analysis was conducted in a few resistant accessions of wild species for bacterial canker resistance.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Moreover, it secretes extracellular cell wall degrading enzymes, such as cellulase, polygalacturonase, pectate lyase, and xylanase to degrade xylem vessels and the adjacent parenchyma cells leading to induction of disease symptom ( Gartemann et al, 2008 ; Hwang et al, 2019 ). Although chemical, biological, and cultural practices might reduce bacterial canker infestation in the field ( Hausbeck et al, 2000 ), breeding for resistant cultivars is the sustainable approach in tomato ( Crino et al, 1995 ; Stüwe and von Tiedemann, 2013 ). To date, no tomato cultivar of bacterial canker resistance is commercially available and cultivated tomatoes are vulnerable to a bacterial canker disease outbreak ( Sen et al, 2015 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A comparative transcriptome analysis was performed on Cm –resistant and–susceptible tomato lines, and defense-responsive genes were differentially expressed ( Basim et al, 2021 ). The microscopic analysis of vascular stem sections in S. lycopersicum “IRAT L3,” showed a larger and increased number of tyloses than in the Cm susceptible cultivars ( Stüwe and von Tiedemann, 2013 ). This feature may help to limit the spread of the pathogen within the vascular system of the resistant cultivar.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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QTL-Seq Analysis for Identification of Resistance Loci to Bacterial Canker in Tomato

Abebe

Kim

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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Bacterial canker caused by Clavibacter michiganensis (Cm) is one of the most economically important vascular diseases causing unilateral leaf wilting, stem canker, a bird’s-eye lesion on fruit, and whole plant wilting in tomato. There is no commercially available cultivar with bacterial canker resistance, and genomics-assisted breeding can accelerate the development of cultivars with enhanced resistance. Solanum lycopersicum “Hawaii 7998” was found to show bacterial canker resistance. A Quantitative trait loci (QTL)-seq was performed to identify the resistance loci using 909 F2 individuals derived from a cross between S. lycopersicum “E6203” (susceptible) and “Hawaii 7998,” and a genomic region (37.24–41.15 Mb) associated with bacterial canker resistance on chromosome 6 (Rcm6) was found. To dissect the Rcm6 region, 12 markers were developed and several markers were associated with the resistance phenotypes. Among the markers, the Rcm6-9 genotype completely matched with the phenotype in the 47 cultivars. To further validate the Rcm6 as a resistance locus and the Rcm6-9 efficiency, subsequent analysis using F2 and F3 progenies was conducted. The progeny individuals with homozygous resistance allele at the Rcm6-9 showed significantly lower disease severity than those possessing homozygous susceptibility alleles. Genomes of five susceptible and two resistant cultivars were analyzed and previously known R-genes were selected to find candidate genes for Rcm6. Nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat, receptor-like kinase, and receptor-like protein were identified to have putative functional mutations and show differential expression upon the Cm infection. The DNA markers and candidate genes will facilitate marker-assisted breeding and provide genetic insight of bacterial canker resistance in tomato.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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QTL-Seq Analysis for Identification of Resistance Loci to Bacterial Canker in Tomato

Abebe

Kim

et al. 2022

Front. Plant Sci.

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“…Different enzymes produced by Cmm take part in the degradation of cell walls during the infection process and these are responsible for the virulence of the pathogen [9,10]. Diverse reports state that Cmm-infected plants accumulate phenolic compounds, such as lignin and callose, at their xylem tissues [53,54], the lignin are cross-linked phenolic polymers that also form part of cell walls, the associated bands exhibited an enhancement at 1370 and 1600 cm −1 [47]. Other Raman bands assigned to phenolic nature compounds also showed changes in the relative intensity, because the 1284 cm −1 wavenumber increased in diseased plants (BCTo).…”

Section: Spectral Differences Between Groups: Hto and Bctomentioning

confidence: 99%

Raman Spectroscopy and Machine-Learning for Early Detection of Bacterial Canker of Tomato: The Asymptomatic Disease Condition

Vallejo-Pérez

Sosa-Herrera

Navarro‐Contreras

et al. 2021

Plants

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Bacterial canker of tomato is caused by Clavibacter michiganensis subsp. michiganensis (Cmm). The disease is highly destructive, because it produces latent asymptomatic infections that favor contagion rates. The present research aims consisted on the implementation of Raman spectroscopy (RS) and machine-learning spectral analysis as a method for the early disease detection. Raman spectra were obtained from infected asymptomatic tomato plants (BCTo) and healthy controls (HTo) with 785 nm excitation laser micro-Raman spectrometer. Spectral data were normalized and processed by principal component analysis (PCA), then the classifiers algorithms multilayer perceptron (PCA + MLP) and linear discriminant analysis (PCA + LDA) were implemented. Bacterial isolation and identification (16S rRNA gene sequencing) were realized of each plant studied. The Raman spectra obtained from tomato leaf samples of HTo and BCTo exhibited peaks associated to cellular components, and the most prominent vibrational bands were assigned to carbohydrates, carotenoids, chlorophyll, and phenolic compounds. Biochemical changes were also detectable in the Raman spectral patterns. Raman bands associated with triterpenoids and flavonoids compounds can be considered as indicators of Cmm infection during the asymptomatic stage. RS is an efficient, fast and reliable technology to differentiate the tomato health condition (BCTo or HTo). The analytical method showed high performance values of sensitivity, specificity and accuracy, among others.

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Lignin Composition and Timing of Cell Wall Lignification Are Involved in Brassica napus Resistance to Stem Rot Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

2021

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Sclerotinia stem rot (SSR) is an economically and globally significant disease in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) caused by the necrotrophic ascomycete Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. This study explored the role of cell wall reinforcement by lignin as a relevant factor for effective plant defence against attack of this pathogen. Expression of key genes in the phenylpropanoid pathway and the induced synthesis of lignin in infected stem tissues were investigated in a study comparing a susceptible (Loras) and a moderately resistant cultivar (Zhongyou 821, ZY821). Data revealed an earlier and more rapid defence activation in ZY821 through up-regulation of transcript levels of genes related to key steps in the phenylpropanoid pathway associated with enhanced lignin deposition in the resistant B. napus genotype. Expression level of BnCAD5, encoding a cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenase, responsible for conversion of monolignol to lignin, was more rapidly up-regulated in ZY821 than Loras. The similar expression pattern of BnCAD5 and the gene BnF5H, encoding for the ferulate-5-hydroxylase which catalyses the synthesis of syringyl (S) lignin precursors, suggests that BnCAD5 is involved in the S lignin formation. Histological observations confirmed these results, showing an earlier increase of S lignin deposition in the infected resistant genotype. Deposition of guaiacyl (G) lignin was detected in both genotypes and is thus considered a component of basal, cultivar-independent defence response of B. napus to stem rot. The results indicate the importance of cell wall modification for quantitative stem rot resistance by responses in the phenylpropanoid metabolism generating distinct lignin types on different temporal scales.

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Bacterial canker of tomatoes — histological characterization of cultivar resistance and seed transmission

Cited by 4 publications

References 18 publications

QTL-Seq Analysis for Identification of Resistance Loci to Bacterial Canker in Tomato

QTL-Seq Analysis for Identification of Resistance Loci to Bacterial Canker in Tomato

Raman Spectroscopy and Machine-Learning for Early Detection of Bacterial Canker of Tomato: The Asymptomatic Disease Condition

Lignin Composition and Timing of Cell Wall Lignification Are Involved in Brassica napus Resistance to Stem Rot Caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

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