Bacterial Biofilms; Links to Pathogenesis and Résistance Mechanism 

Abstract

Biofilms are usually defined as surface-associated microbial communities, surrounded by an extracellular polymeric substance matrix. There are three major steps that are observed in biofilm formation: initial attachment events, microcolony formation and construction of mushroom-like structure with secretion of extracelluar polymeric substances. These substances can be considered a mechanism to protect the bacterial community from external insults.Biofilms, significantly increase the ability of the pathogen to evade both host defenses and antibiotics and they are being implicated in the pathogenesis and also clinical manifestation of Preprints (www.preprints.org) | NOT PEER-REVIEWED | Posted:

Acinetobacter baumannii Biofilm Formation and Its Role in Disease Pathogenesis: A Review

“…As a result, removing biofilms from living hosts is quite challenging. 36 The ability of A. baumannii to survive in harsh environmental condition, dormancy of bacterial cells deep in the biofilm, multiple antibiotic resistance mechanisms, prolonging survival on inanimate objects and resistant to environmental stress plays a role in its environmental survival, resulting in biofilms causing a wide range of subacute or chronic infections which are very challenging to eradicate. 37,38 A. baumannii has been designated as a "redalert" human pathogen due to its ability to acquire resistance to all currently available antimicrobial agents.…”

Development of Biofilms for Antimicrobial Resistance

“…The role of biofilm forming microorganism in mediating numerous infectious diseases is changing into rather more necessary with an increasing numbers of infections in humans. Biofilm infection in human includes microorganism endocarditis (infection of heart valves), otitis (infection of the middle ear), chronic microorganism inflammation (infection of the prostate gland), cystic fibrosis (infection of lower metabolic process system), dentistry diseases, and most medical device-connected infections [27]. These diseases are well reviewed by researchers.…”