Bacterial biofilm formation on polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene and stainless steel exposed to ozonated water

Zacheus, Outi; Iivanainen, Eila; Nissinen, Tarja; Lehtola, Markku J.; Martikainen, Pertti J.

doi:10.1016/s0043-1354(99)00113-x

Cited by 129 publications

(92 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…Different results were obtained by Cloete et al (2003), where biofilm formation was higher on the PVC surfaces than on galvanized steel piping. van der Kooij and Veenendaal (2001) and Clark et al (1994) observed that PE supports biofilm formation in a higher degree than PVC, while Wingender and Flemming (2004), Pedersen (1990) and Zacheus et al (2000) concluded that there was no significant difference in the colonization of the investigated materials (stainless steel, PVC and PE), in some cases after decades of operation. Lethola et al (2004Lethola et al ( , 2005 found that biofilms grew faster in PE than in copper pipes, but such differences could not be detected in older piping systems; these authors also studied the release of nutrients from the surface materials to the bulk water and the deleterious effects that this may cause on the water quality and on the efficacy of chlorine disinfection.…”

Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of drinking water biofilm in flow/non-flow conditions

2007

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A B S T R A C TDrinking water biofilm formation on polyvinyl chloride (PVC), cross-linked polyethylene (PEX), high density polyethylene (HDPE) and polypropylene (PP) was followed in three different reactors operating under stagnant or continuous flow regimes. After one week, a quasi-steady state was achieved where biofilm total cell numbers per unit surface area were not affected by fluctuations in the concentration of suspended cells. Metabolically active cells in biofilms were around 17-35% of the total cells and 6-18% were able to form colony units in R 2 A medium. Microbiological analysis showed that the adhesion material and reactor design did not affect significantly the biofilm growth. However, operating under continuous flow (0.8-1.9 Pa) or stagnant water had a significant effect on biofilm formation: in stagnant waters, biofilm grew to a less extent. By applying mass balances and an asymptotic biofilm formation model to data from biofilms grown on PVC and HDPE surfaces under turbulent flow, specific growth rates of bacteria in the biofilm were found to be similar for both materials (around 0.15 day À1) and much lower than the specific growth rates of suspended bacteria (around 1.8 day À1 ).

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Section: Article In Pressmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dynamics of drinking water biofilm in flow/non-flow conditions

2007

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“…Detachment of bacteria from this biofilm may thus affect the water quality. Previous investigators have shown that bacterial growth occurring on pipe walls depends on different factors: concentrations of disinfectant (Momba et al, 1998;Momba and Binda, 2002), water temperature (Kaye and Nagy, 1999;Zacheus et al, 2000), pipe materials (LeChevallier et al, 1990) and concentration of biodegradable dissolved organic carbon (BDOC) which is the main substrate allowing bacterial growth in drinking water LeChevallier et al, 1993;Servais et al, 1995;Servais, 1996). The characteristics of the material composing pipes may greatly influence the densities of bacteria fixed in a distribution system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparing the effect of various pipe materials on biofilm formation in chlorinated and combined chlorine-chloraminated water systems

Momba¹,

Makala²

2004

WSA

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To compare the effect of various pipe materials on biofilm formation, surface water was used as the test water source; plastic-based pipe materials (polyvinyl chloride-PVC, unplasticised polyvinyl chloride-UPVC, medium density polyethylene-MDPE) and cement-based pipe materials (cement and asbestos cement) are commonly used in drinking water distribution systems in South Africa as test pipe materials. Disinfection was performed using ca 2.5 mg·l -1 initial chlorine followed by ca 1.5mg·lmonochloramine. The evaluation of the process relied on attached coliforms and heterotrophic plate count bacteria. General data indicated the colonisation of all test pipe materials by micro-organisms under the chlorination process within the first 20 min and over the remainder of the study period. The addition of monochloramine to the chlorinated water system (24 h after chlorination) resulted in the removal of coliforms and heterotrophic bacteria attached to pipe materials. Less than 1 cfu·cm -2 viable bacterium (except for PVC) was observed on the surface of test pipes between 48 and 168 h. However, the factor of time cannot be ignored in determining the effect of pipe materials on biofilm formation in potable water systems. Bacterial regrowth occurred on the surface of all pipe materials between 168 and 672 h. The capability of bacterial regrowth occurring on the surface of test pipe materials during this period was linked to the depletion of the concentration of monochloramine residual.Statistical evidence showed that the generic type of pipe materials greatly influenced the density of bacteria in laboratory-scale systems. Cement-based materials significantly supported less fixed bacteria than plastic-based materials (at p<0.05 and p<0.01). No significant difference in attached bacterial counts was found between the same generic types of pipe materials. This study suggests the use of cement and asbestos cement pipes for the distribution of chlorine-monochloramine treated water. Statistical evidence also showed that all physico-chemical parameters (temperature, pH, turbidity, dissolved organic carbon, total nitrogen, sulphate) had no significant effect on bacterial number at p<0.05, implying that the presence of an effective monochloramine residual in the chlorinated water system remains one of the most important factors in controlling the effect of pipe materials on biofilm formation.

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“…Niquettei demonstrated that the materials from synthetic materials (PE, PVC) were less colonized by biofilm than pipes made of iron, copper and steel, however, on the other hand, Zacheusi demonstrated a lack of significant differences in colonization of synthetic materials (PE, PVC) and steel [19,20]. Schwartz have shown in their work that more bacterial cells are gathered on the surface of polyethylene, what is favorable for a faster growth of biofilm than on the surface of PVC [21].…”

Section: E3s Web Of Conferencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The application of impedance measurement to assess biofilm development on technical materials used for water supply system construction

2017

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Abstract. The lack of biological stability of water which is introduced into the network, leads primarily to its secondary contamination during transport to the consumer. The water that is biologically unstable creates ideal conditions for colonization of the inner surface of pipelines by microorganisms and adhesion of their products (biocorrosion). The studies was conducted using the identified microorganisms isolated from the water supply network which accounted inocula in continuous culture of biofilm in CDC reactor. As a result of studies it was revealed the presence of biofilm formed on different materials polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polybutylene. Microbiological biodiversity of organisms inhabiting a biofilm of the diversity of nucleic acids was used. It was observed the amount of the psychrophilic bacteria oscillation in the effluent from the reactor. It was also determined the affinity of various bacteria to the plastic through adhesion measurement using impedance spectroscopy. For impedance measurements apparatus SIGNAL RECOVERY 7280 DSP LOCK-IN AMPLIFIER was used, recording impedance components (real and imaginary). The results will allow for the creation of biosensor systems that can be used in predicting health risks in connection with drinking water and taking corrective actions.

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Bacterial biofilm formation on polyvinyl chloride, polyethylene and stainless steel exposed to ozonated water

Cited by 129 publications

References 36 publications

Dynamics of drinking water biofilm in flow/non-flow conditions

Dynamics of drinking water biofilm in flow/non-flow conditions

Comparing the effect of various pipe materials on biofilm formation in chlorinated and combined chlorine-chloraminated water systems

The application of impedance measurement to assess biofilm development on technical materials used for water supply system construction

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