Bacterial and Host Determinants of Group B Streptococcal Infection of the Neonate and Infant

Furuta, Anna; Brokaw, Alyssa; Manuel, Gygeria; Dacanay, Matthew; Marcell, Lauren; Seepersaud, Ravin; Rajagopal, Lakshmi; Waldorf, Kristina Adams

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2022.820365

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 158 publications

(234 reference statements)

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“…Transmission routes underlying late-onset diseases are more complex and have been linked to various sources, including breast milk, household contacts, nosocomial, or community sources. 24 Nosocomial transmission has been confirmed for infants born to GBS-negative mothers. 25 Community transmission of GBS can also occur in formula-fed babies.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late-Onset Sepsis in a Premature Infant Mediated by Breast Milk: Mother-to-Infant Transmission of Group B Streptococcus Detected by Whole-Genome Sequencing

Li¹,

Fang²,

Hao³

et al. 2022

IDR

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Background Late-onset group B Streptococcus (LOGBS) sepsis is a cause of infection and death in infants. Infected breast milk has been considered a source of neonatal GBS infection and invasive infection. However, mother-to-infant transmission of GBS detected by the high-resolution diagnostic method is rarely reported. Methods This study describes a low-weight premature infant who developed late-onset GBS septicemia 21 days after birth. GBS strains isolated from the mother’s cervical secretion, the mother’s milk, and the baby’s blood were cultured to identify the source of GBS infection. We further confirmed the GBS isolates through matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS). Finally, we performed whole-genome sequencing (WGS) and phylogenetic analyses on the GBS strains recovered. Results GBS isolates were cultured from the bloodstream of the premature infant and the mother’s milk, respectively. Subsequently, WGS and phylogenetic analyses on three GBS isolates demonstrated that the GBS strain from the infant’s bloodstream was 100% homologous to that from the mother’s breast milk, which had some different gene fragments from the GBS strain from the mother’s cervical secretion. It provided evidence that this infant’s late-onset GBS septicemia originated from his mother’s breast milk instead of the vertical mother-to-infant transmission. Conclusion Through WGS and phylogenetic analysis of the GBS strains, we proved in this study that the late-onset GBS sepsis in a premature infant was derived from his mother’s breast milk. It indicated that WGS diagnosis is an effective tool for infection tracing. Furthermore, this report provides direction for preventing late-onset GBS infection.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Late-Onset Sepsis in a Premature Infant Mediated by Breast Milk: Mother-to-Infant Transmission of Group B Streptococcus Detected by Whole-Genome Sequencing

Li¹,

Fang²,

Hao³

et al. 2022

IDR

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“…At the initial stage of bacterial infection, neutrophils are the first immune cells recruited toward the site of infection, providing the early protective defense against the invading bacteria [ 5 ]. During E. coli meningitis, numerous circulating neutrophils are actively recruited and crossed the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to counteract the bacteria [ 6 ]. The significantly increased number of neutrophils in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of individuals with E. coli meningitis results in the cloudy appearance of CSF, which is the characteristic feature of bacterial meningitis [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lpp of Escherichia coli K1 inhibits host ROS production to counteract neutrophil-mediated elimination

Zhang¹,

An²,

Huang³

et al. 2023

Redox Biology

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“…While typically asymptomatic in non-pregnant adults, GBS colonizing the vagina can ascend the reproductive tract and cause intraamniotic infections during pregnancy (36)(37)(38)(39). In the absence of intrapartum prophylactic antibiotic therapy, these infections increase the risk of maternal systemic infections, stillbirth, preterm delivery, neonatal sepsis, meningitis, and enduring health challenges for infants (40,41).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Diet influences community dynamics following vaginal group B Streptococcus colonization

Megli,

DePuyt,

Goff

et al. 2023

Preprint

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The vaginal microbiota plays a pivotal role in reproductive, sexual, and perinatal health and disease. Unlike the well-established connections between diet, metabolism, and the intestinal microbiota, parallel mechanisms influencing the vaginal microbiota and pathogen colonization remain overlooked. In this study, we combine a mouse model of Streptococcus agalactiae strain COH1 (GBS) vaginal colonization with a mouse model of pubertal-onset obesity to assess diet as a determinant of vaginal microbiota composition and its role in colonization resistance. We leveraged culture-dependent assessment of GBS clearance and culture-independent, sequencing-based reconstruction of the vaginal microbiota in relation to diet, obesity, glucose tolerance, and microbial dynamics across time scales. Our findings demonstrate that excessive body weight gain and glucose intolerance are not associated with vaginal GBS density or timing of clearance. Diets high in fat and low in soluble fiber are associated with vaginal GBS persistence, and changes in vaginal microbiota structure and composition due to diet contribute to GBS clearance patterns in nonpregnant mice. These findings underscore a critical need for studies on diet as a key determinant of vaginal microbiota composition and its relevance to reproductive and perinatal outcomes.IMPORTANCEThis work sheds light on diet as a key determinant influencing the composition of vaginal microbiota and its involvement in group B Streptococcus (GBS) colonization in a mouse model. The study shows that dietary components, such as dietary fat and soluble fiber, impact GBS density and timing of clearance in the female reproductive tract. These findings are particularly significant given clear links between GBS and adverse reproductive and neonatal outcomes, advancing our understanding by identifying critical connections between dietary components, factors originating from the intestinal tract, vaginal microbiota, and reproductive outcomes.

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Bacterial and Host Determinants of Group B Streptococcal Infection of the Neonate and Infant

Cited by 15 publications

References 158 publications

Late-Onset Sepsis in a Premature Infant Mediated by Breast Milk: Mother-to-Infant Transmission of Group B Streptococcus Detected by Whole-Genome Sequencing

Late-Onset Sepsis in a Premature Infant Mediated by Breast Milk: Mother-to-Infant Transmission of Group B Streptococcus Detected by Whole-Genome Sequencing

Lpp of Escherichia coli K1 inhibits host ROS production to counteract neutrophil-mediated elimination

Diet influences community dynamics following vaginal group B Streptococcus colonization

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