Bacterial and fungal agents in house dust and wheeze in children: the PARSIFAL study

Schram-Bijkerk, Dieneke; Doekes, Gert; Douwes, Jeroen; Boevé, Michael H.; Riedler, Josef; Üblagger, E.; Mutius, Erika von; Benz, Marcus R.; Pershagen, Göran; Hage, Marianne van; Scheynius, Annika; Braun‐Fahrländer, Charlotte; Waser, Marco; Brunekreef, Bert

doi:10.1111/j.1365-2222.2005.02339.x

Cited by 135 publications

(120 citation statements)

References 30 publications

(40 reference statements)

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“…Fungal EPS are stable carbohydrates secreted or shed during fungal growth and have antigenic specificity at the genus level. In contrast to the findings on visible mould, longitudinal studies have shown that exposure to (1,3)-b-D-glucan and EPS was inversely associated with the development of wheezing symptoms and reported physician-diagnosed asthma in children [8][9][10][11][12]. In addition, one case-control study reported that elevated levels of (1,3)-b-D-glucan and EPS exposure from mattress dust were associated with a lower prevalence of allergic sensitisation in 2-4-yr-old children [13].…”

mentioning

confidence: 81%

“…Exposure to EPS was found to significantly reduce the risk of physician-diagnosed asthma [62] and atopic wheeze [10], while exposure to (1,3)-b-Dglucan was significantly inversely related to sensitisation against inhalant allergens among 2-4-yr-old children [13].…”

Section: Mould Components Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

“…To begin with, sampling methods vary considerably between the studies. Dust sampling from floors or mattresses using a vacuum cleaner provides a crude mixture of different particle sizes [10,83,84], but some of the dust fraction may never become airborne and might not have an effect on children's health. Hence some investigations sampled specific airborne dust fraction in domestic environments [43,46,53,55,56,61].…”

Section: Validity Of Exposure Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between domestic mould and mould components, and asthma and allergy in children: a systematic review

Tischer¹,

Cm²,

Heinrich³

2011

European Respiratory Journal

145

108

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Critical reviews over the past 10 yrs have found increased respiratory and allergic health outcomes for children living in damp and mouldy environments. However, recent studies have suggested that early childhood exposure to specific mould components may actually protect children from developing allergy.We conducted a systematic review of observational studies published in English from January 1980 to July 2010. This review was conducted according to systematic guidelines for Metaanalyses of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (MOOSE). The literature was searched using a computerised bibliographic database, PubMed. In order to increase the quality of the reviewed studies, meta-analyses of the effects of visible mould exposure on allergic health outcomes were performed and we evaluated the findings according to the Bradford Hill criteria for evidence of causation.The literature search identified 1,398 peer-reviewed scientific publications, and 61 studies that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were included in this review. We observed increased risks of allergic respiratory health outcomes in children exposed to visible mould and mould spores. These findings were confirmed by the results of the meta-analysis and in line with the evaluation criteria according to Bradford Hill. Visible mould was positively associated with asthma (OR 1.49 (95% CI 1.28-1.72)), wheeze (OR 1.68 (95% CI 1.48-1.90)) and allergic rhinitis (OR 1.39 (95% CI 1.28-1.51)). However, there was a tendency of lower risk for allergic health outcomes in children exposed to mouldderived components such as (1,3)-b-D-glucan and extracellular polysaccharides.These findings suggest that home environments with visible mould and mould spore exposure increase the risk of allergic respiratory health outcomes in children. However, further investigations are needed to examine the effects of exposure to mould-derived components as the current literature is inconclusive. In order to disentangle the different effects of overall microbial exposure on children's health, research should focus on specific microbial markers in the home, in combination with new assessment techniques including molecular methods.

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mentioning

confidence: 81%

Section: Mould Components Exposurementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Validity Of Exposure Assessmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Association between domestic mould and mould components, and asthma and allergy in children: a systematic review

Tischer¹,

Cm²,

Heinrich³

2011

European Respiratory Journal

145

108

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“…Several studies have observed reduced prevalence of allergic sensitisation and, to a lesser extent, of asthma in children exposed to farms, compared with rural peers [143,144]. Based on the hygiene hypothesis, it has been suggested that exposure to high concentrations of biological compounds in this environment could explain the observed protective effect [75,93,145].…”

Section: In Childrenmentioning

confidence: 99%

Respiratory health and indoor air pollutants based on quantitative exposure assessments

et al. 2012

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We reviewed the main epidemiological studies that evaluate the respiratory effects of indoor air pollutants quantitatively in industrialised countries. Consistent results support short-term (aggravation) and, although more rarely, long-term (prevalence augmentation) effects on asthma, chronic bronchitis and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in indoor settings with poor air quality. Environmental tobacco smoke is one of the most important risks for respiratory symptoms and diseases worldwide. The evidence is also reliable for indoor nitrogen dioxide and particulate matter, which have been associated with asthma, bronchitis and COPD. Whereas formaldehyde and volatile organic compounds seem to be the main pollutants in indoor settings, relevant papers on their respiratory effects are still scarce, and limited to asthma and bronchitis. Moulds have been associated with an increased risk of asthma and COPD. Contradictory results have been found between endotoxins and asthma. The role of phthalates, persistent organic pollutants and flame retardants in respiratory diseases remains to be established. Results from rural areas of industrialised countries indicate that exposure to some indoor bio-contaminants might be protective in early life, while it is associated with adverse respiratory adverse effects in adulthood. Studies focusing on indoor air pollutants should be developed to better understand their involvement in the inception and aggravation of respiratory diseases.

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“…Ainsi, dans les pathologies respiratoires chroniques, le microbiome pulmonaire est altéré, il est dysbiotique (Figure 3). Il évoluera dans le temps en fonction de la pathologie mais, quelle qu'elle ronnement dans lequel les enfants grandissent (milieu rural versus milieu urbain), sa contamination bactérienne et fongique, et le risque de développer une atopie ou un asthme [38,39]. Par ailleurs, les infections virales, notamment les bronchiolites de l'enfance et en particulier celles à rhinovirus, semblent être impliquées dans la genèse de l'asthme, peut-être sur des terrains prédisposés [40][41][42].…”

Section: Microbiome Pulmonaire Et Asthmeunclassified

Le microbiome pulmonaire en 2015

Andréjak

Delhaès

2015

Med Sci (Paris)

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Bacterial and fungal agents in house dust and wheeze in children: the PARSIFAL study

Abstract: Not only bacterial endotoxin but also mould components might offer some protection against atopic wheeze in children. However, the protective effect of being raised on a farm was largely unexplained by the mattress microbial agent levels measured in this study.

Cited by 135 publications

References 30 publications

Association between domestic mould and mould components, and asthma and allergy in children: a systematic review

Association between domestic mould and mould components, and asthma and allergy in children: a systematic review

Respiratory health and indoor air pollutants based on quantitative exposure assessments

Le microbiome pulmonaire en 2015

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