Bacteria-inspired nanorobots with flagellar polymorphic transformations and bundling

Ali, Jamel; Cheang, U Kei; Martindale, James; Jabbarzadeh, Mehdi; Fu, Henry; Kim, Min Jun

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-14457-y

Cited by 65 publications

(47 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Nevertheless, hydrogels with magnetic nanoparticles seem to be a promising system for future magnetic microswimmers. Similar to this, Ali et al report on a self‐assembled synthetic bacteria flagellum, which can be actuated in a rotating magnetic field and alter their flagellar shape in response to environmental stimuli.…”

Section: Bioinspired Synthetic Microswimmersmentioning

confidence: 72%

Biohybrid and Bioinspired Magnetic Microswimmers

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Codutti

Bachmann

et al. 2018

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Many motile microorganisms swim and navigate in chemically and mechanically complex environments. These organisms can be functionalized and directly used for applications (biohybrid approach), but also inspire designs for fully synthetic microbots. The most promising designs of biohybrids and bioinspired microswimmers include one or several magnetic components, which lead to sustainable propulsion mechanisms and external controllability. This Review addresses such magnetic microswimmers, which are often studied in view of certain applications, mostly in the biomedical area, but also in the environmental field. First, propulsion systems at the microscale are reviewed and the magnetism of microswimmers is introduced. The review of the magnetic biohybrids and bioinspired microswimmers is structured gradually from mostly biological systems toward purely synthetic approaches. Finally, currently less explored parts of this field ranging from in situ imaging to swarm control are discussed.

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Section: Bioinspired Synthetic Microswimmersmentioning

confidence: 72%

Biohybrid and Bioinspired Magnetic Microswimmers

Bente

Codutti

Bachmann

et al. 2018

Small

116

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“…By reversing the torque, the microswimmer tumbles and, like real prokaryotic organisms, changes orientation. Polymorphic transitions of flagella, from normal to coiled and curly shapes, have been recently reported for a magnetic nanorobotic swimmer to generate different swimming characteristics [200]. Though tumbling has not occurred for this artificial swimmer because of its variations from real bacteria structure and a low actuation frequency, these polymorphic transformations of flagella can establish a navigation strategy for micro-/nanoswimmers to adopt themselves with a dynamically changing environment.…”

Section: Tumblingmentioning

confidence: 94%

Bioinspired reorientation strategies for application in micro/nanorobotic control

Ghanbari

2020

J Micro-Bio Robot

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Engineers have recently been inspired by swimming methodologies of microorganisms in creating micro-/nanorobots for biomedical applications. Future medicine may be revolutionized by the application of these small machines in diagnosing, monitoring, and treating diseases. Studies over the past decade have often concentrated on propulsion generation. However, there are many other challenges to address before the practical use of robots at the micro-/nanoscale. The control and reorientation ability of such robots remain as some of these challenges. This paper reviews the strategies of swimming microorganisms for reorientation, including tumbling, reverse and flick, direction control of helical-path swimmers, by speed modulation, using complex flagella, and the help of mastigonemes. Then, inspired by direction change in microorganisms, methods for orientation control for microrobots and possible directions for future studies are discussed. Further, the effects of solid boundaries on the swimming trajectories of microorganisms and microrobots are examined. In addition to propulsion systems for artificial microswimmers, swimming microorganisms are promising sources of control methodologies at the micro-/nanoscale.

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“…This is a consequence of the logarithmic dependence of the resistance coefficients, Eqs. (38), (39) and (40), on the separation from the wall.…”

Section: Maintaining the Helical Symmetrymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These investigations have also prompted the creation of artificial microswimmers. While some synthetic devices have been designed to prove theoretical models [28,29] or to exploit propulsion mechanisms for rigid shapes [30,31], many artificial swimmers are directly inspired by propulsion methods used in the biological world [32][33][34][35][36][37][38][39]. Two popular biological methodologies to induce motion at small scales are the planar waving of slender filaments, commonly used by spermatozoa [4,35], or the rotating of semi-rigid helical structures, commonly used by bacteria [5,9,32].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The swimming of a deforming helix

et al. 2018

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Many microorganisms and artificial microswimmers use helical appendages in order to generate locomotion. Though often rotated so as to produce thrust, some species of bacteria such Spiroplasma, Rhodobacter sphaeroides and Spirochetes induce movement by deforming a helical-shaped body.Recently, artificial devices have been created which also generate motion by deforming their helical body in a non-reciprocal way (Mourran et al. Adv. Mater. 29, 1604825, 2017). Inspired by these systems, we investigate the transport of a deforming helix within a viscous fluid. Specifically, we consider a swimmer that maintains a helical centreline and a single handedness while changing its helix radius, pitch and wavelength uniformly across the body. We first discuss how a deforming helix can create a non-reciprocal translational and rotational swimming stroke and identify its principle direction of motion. We then determine the leading-order physics for helices with small helix radius before considering the general behaviour for different configuration parameters and how these swimmers can be optimised. Finally, we explore how the presence of walls, gravity, and defects in the centreline allow the helical device to break symmetries, increase its speed, and generate transport in directions not available to helices in bulk fluids.

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Bacteria-inspired nanorobots with flagellar polymorphic transformations and bundling

Cited by 65 publications

References 67 publications

Biohybrid and Bioinspired Magnetic Microswimmers

Biohybrid and Bioinspired Magnetic Microswimmers

Bioinspired reorientation strategies for application in micro/nanorobotic control

The swimming of a deforming helix

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