Bacteria in the ECHAM5-HAM global climate model

Sesartić, Ana; Lohmann, Ulrike; Storelvmo, Trude

doi:10.5194/acpd-11-1457-2011

Cited by 15 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 79 publications

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“…Due to the small size, AM can be transported over large distances, across continents and oceans, and reach the upper troposphere, where it actively contributes to ice nucleation and cloud processing 15 . In the troposphere, the AM concentration ranges from 10 2 to 10 5 cells/m 3 13 , being the densest in the planetary boundary layer, whose thickness depends on micrometeorological factors and geographic location, with marked daily and seasonal fluctuations 16 , 17 . In particular, the near-ground AM is the one most influenced by local sources, including local meteorology and atmospheric composition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate matter emission sources and meteorological parameters combine to shape the airborne bacteria communities in the Ligurian coast, Italy

Palladino

Morozzi

Biagi

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Aim of the present study is to explore how the chemical composition of particulate matter (PM) and meteorological conditions combine in shaping the air microbiome in Savona (Italy), a medium-size, heavily inhabited urban settlement, hosting a wide range of industrial activities. In particular, the air microbiome and PM10 were monitored over six months in 2012. During that time, the air microbiome was highly dynamic, fluctuating between different compositional states, likely resulting from the aerosolization of different microbiomes emission sources. According to our findings, this dynamic process depends on the combination of local meteorological parameters and particle emission sources, which may affect the prevalent aerosolized microbiomes, thus representing further fundamental tools for source apportionment in a holistic approach encompassing chemical as well as microbiological pollution. In particular, we showed that, in the investigated area, industrial emissions and winds blowing from the inlands combine with an airborne microbiome which include faecal microbiomes components, suggesting multiple citizens’ exposure to both chemicals and microorganisms of faecal origin, as related to landscape exploitation and population density. In conclusion, our findings support the need to include monitoring of the air microbiome compositional structure as a relevant factor for the final assessment of local air quality.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particulate matter emission sources and meteorological parameters combine to shape the airborne bacteria communities in the Ligurian coast, Italy

Palladino

Morozzi

Biagi

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…The role of microorganisms in influencing climate has also received recent attention. The influence on ice/cloud condensation nuclei has been reported in studies conducted in laboratory as well and higher altitude measurements (Burrows et al, 2009;Sesartic et al, 2012). From the perspective of environmental risk assessment or climate modeling, emission rate or flux (source term) is a critical input parameter in bioaerosol dispersion models or climate models.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Passive Release of Fungal Spores from Synthetic Solid Waste Surfaces

Gopalakrishnan

Devassikutty

Mathew

et al. 2016

Aerosol Air Qual. Res.

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Passive release of fungal spores can occur from various natural and anthropogenic sources leading to significant concentrations in ambient air with potential effect on health and climate. The estimation of fungal spore release is a critical parameter necessary for the realistic assessment of health risk using dispersion models and in global climate modeling. This paper presents results from experiments conducted to seek a better understanding of the process of passive fungal spore due to wind. Laboratory studies were conducted to measure emission fluxes of a test fungal species (Penicillium chrysogenum) grown on two test surfaces (aluminum foil and cardboard) in a flux chamber in response to air flow. Spore growth on the aluminum foil correlated with the amount of nutrient, while for cardboard, fungal growth was observed just with the presence of water without any external nutrients. The released spores were collected using a commercially available impinger (Biosampler ® ) and quantified using fluorescence microscopy. Spore flux correlated positively with the number of spores on the surface and with air velocity above a threshold velocity. Fungal spore flux decreased on continuous exposure to air. Microscopic inspection of the surface revealed that the normally upright hyphae bearing the fungal spores collapsed after exposure to air thus suggesting that the decrease in flux was due to a decrease in the aerodynamic drag on the spores. Fungal hyphae also collapsed when there was depletion of nutrients for spore growth leading to reduction in flux. A preliminary mathematical model that estimates spore flux based on the energy transfer between the air and the fungal spores and the energy required to remove the spores is presented. A characteristic energy parameter for aerosolisation was obtained from the model fit. Using this parameter, the model predicted experimental fluxes under various conditions reasonably well.

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“…Among the three models, mathematical models are used most widely in the present (Sesartic et al, 2012;Burrows et al, 2013;Ansari et al, 2015;Hummel et al, 2015). Such models allow the generation of relevant data without the risk of being associated with a living biological organism and are relatively simple to operate.…”

Section: Diffusion and Transport Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

The source and transport of bioaerosols in the air: A review

Xie

Bai

et al. 2020

Front. Environ. Sci. Eng.

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Recent pandemic outbreak of the corona-virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has raised widespread concerns about the importance of the bioaerosols. They are atmospheric aerosol particles of biological origins, mainly including bacteria, fungi, viruses, pollen, and cell debris. Bioaerosols can exert a substantial impact on ecosystems, climate change, air quality, and public health. Here, we review several relevant topics on bioaerosols, including sampling and detection techniques, characterization, effects on health and air quality, and control methods. However, very few studies have focused on the source apportionment and transport of bioaerosols. The knowledge of the sources and transport pathways of bioaerosols is essential for a comprehensive understanding of the role microorganisms play in the atmosphere and control the spread of epidemic diseases associated with them. Therefore, this review comprehensively summarizes the up to date progress on the source characteristics, source identification, and diffusion and transport process of bioaerosols. We intercompare three types of diffusion and transport models, with a special emphasis on a widely used mathematical model. This review also highlights the main factors affecting the source emission and transport process, such as biogeographic regions, land-use types, and environmental factors. Finally, this review outlines future perspectives on bioaerosols.

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Bacteria in the ECHAM5-HAM global climate model

Cited by 15 publications

References 79 publications

Particulate matter emission sources and meteorological parameters combine to shape the airborne bacteria communities in the Ligurian coast, Italy

Particulate matter emission sources and meteorological parameters combine to shape the airborne bacteria communities in the Ligurian coast, Italy

Passive Release of Fungal Spores from Synthetic Solid Waste Surfaces

The source and transport of bioaerosols in the air: A review

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