Bacteria and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Isolated in Children with Bacterial Meningitis at Sanglah Hospital, Bali from 2016 to 2018

Kristianti, Gina Henny; Suwarba, I Gusti Ngurah Made; Mahalini, Dewi Sutriani; Gustawan, I Wayan; Utama, I Made Gede Dwi Lingga

doi:10.11648/j.cnn.20200403.12

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…Most cases from the previous study at the same tertiary hospital found most cases were caused by Staphylococcus hemolyticus as gram-positive bacteria and Pseudomonas stutzeri as gram-negative bacteria. Gram-negative bacteria are more dominant [6]. Not different from previous findings, in this study it was found that the most common gram-positive bacteria was dominated by the family Staphylococcus sp.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

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Microorganism and Antibiotik Sensitivity Pattern of Children Bacterial Meningitis in Denpasar Tertiary Hospital 2019-2020

Mahalini¹,

Mustika²,

Suwarba³

2022

AJP

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Introduction: Bacterial meningitis is a severe acute infection of the central nervous system that caused by bacteria.The antibiotic should be given immediately. An appropriate antibiotic may reduce the morbidity and mortality caused by bacterial meningitis. This study aims to evaluate the bacterial pattern and antibiotic sensitivity in children bacterial meningitis at tertiary hospital in Denpasar. Material and methods: This retrospective descriptive study was using a cross-sectional design that involved pediatric patients aged 1 month-18 years old with suspected bacterial meningitis who underwent a lumbar puncture at Sanglah Hospital from January 2019 to December 2020. The diagnosis of bacterial meningitis was made based on cerebrospinal fluid culture and antibiotic sensitivity test. Samples were taken by consecutive sampling method and would be excluded if the medical record was incomplete. Results: There were ninety five pediatric patients treated with suspected meningitis. Thirty-three subjects had positive cerebrospinal fluid culture results with eight of them were contaminants. The proportion of bacterial meningitis was 26.3%. Bacterial meningitis was more common in children younger less than two years old (72%) compare with older children. The most gram-positive bacteria were Staphylococcus sp. while for gram-negative was Acinetobacter sp. and Sphingomonas paucimobilis. Vancomycin had a high sensitivity (92.8%) for gram-positive therapy, while for gram-negative it was cephalosporin drug which is ceftriaxone and cefepime (63.6%). Conclusion: Ceftriaxone as the main choice of empiric therapy still has high sensitivity to gram-negative bacteria but low sensitivity to gram-positive bacteria.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 86%

“…The incidence of bacterial meningitis at the Sanglah Central General Hospital, Bali reaches 35-40 cases per year. The mortality rate in patients treated with antibiotic therapy is about 10% of the number of reported cases, while the mortality rate in untreated cases is 50-90% [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Microorganism and Antibiotik Sensitivity Pattern of Children Bacterial Meningitis in Denpasar Tertiary Hospital 2019-2020

Mahalini¹,

Mustika²,

Suwarba³

2022

AJP

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“… 5 These infections are serious and urgent condition that requires immediate treatment because untreated infections at sterile body sites can lead to severe potentially life-threatening infection throughout the body. 6 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerobic Bacterial Profile and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Sterile Body Fluids Among Patients at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia

Shume¹,

Tesfa²,

Mekonnen³

et al. 2022

IDR

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Background Infections of sterile body fluids are susceptible to serious invasive bacterial infections and critical, with high morbidity and sequelae risk. This study has not been conducted previously in eastern Ethiopia. Objective The present study was designed to determine the bacterial profile, associated factors, and their susceptibility to antimicrobial agents of isolates among patients with sterile body fluids at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia. Methods Hospital-based cross-sectional study was conducted from April to June 2021 among 204 patients selected using a convenient sampling technique. Data were collected using a pretested structured questionnaire. All consenting patients submitting body fluid specimens for testing at the clinical laboratory were included and analyzed using standard microbiology methods. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using the disk diffusion method and interpreted as per Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute guidelines. Data were double entered into Epi data version 4.6, exported, and analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Science version 25. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regressions were used to assess the association between outcome and predictor variables. P-value <0.05 was considered to be statistically significant. Results The overall prevalence of bacteria among different sterile body fluid samples was 16.7% (95% CI: 12–22%). Most of the bacterial isolates (70.6%) were Gram-negative bacteria, mainly K. pneumoniae (26.5%) and E. coli (20.6%) . Multidrug resistance was identified in 76.5% of the isolates. Being inpatient (AOR = 3.59; 95% CI: 1.52, 8.51) and turbid appearance (AOR = 4.35; 95% CI: 1.67, 11.29) were significantly associated with culture growth rate. Conclusion The prevalence of bacterial isolates in this study comprises about 17%. Gram-negative bacteria, particularly K. pneumoniae and E. coli, were the major etiologic agents. Being inpatient and the turbid appearance of the specimen were significantly associated with the culture-positive result. Significant numbers of multidrug-resistant bacteria were isolated, mainly against beta-lactams. Therefore, culture and susceptibility testing should be an integral part of the laboratory investigation.

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“…Meanwhile, a study conducted in Asia, China, incidence of acute bacterial meningitis in children less than 5 years old was 12.4 to 19.2/100,000 cases [7]. In Indonesia, the country which this study was conducted, bacterial meningitis cases reached 158/100,000 cases per year [8,9]. The mortality rate in patients treated with antibiotic therapy is about 10% of reported cases, while the mortality rate in untreated cases is 50-90% [10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 88%

Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Bacterial Meningitis in Children

Yulianto¹,

Mahalini²,

Suwarba³

2021

CNN

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Diagnosis of bacterial meningitis in children is difficult. Both bacterial and aseptic meningitis have identical clinical presentation. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis and microbacterial culture are modalities to help physician distinguishing between both of them. However, lumbar puncture procedure to gain CSF sample could not always be done due to contraindications or clinically unstable condition. Blood Neutrophil Lymphocyte Ratio (NLR) examination has a potential biomarker to differentiate causes of meningitis when CSF sample cannot be obtained, especially in the early phase of disease. This study's objective is to determine whether the NLR value can be used as a predictor of bacterial meningitis in children. The research design was cross-sectional. Data was taken retrospectively by reviewing medical records at Sanglah Hospital, Denpasar for the period January 2017 to December 2020. Data taken were age, sex, leukocyte, neutrophils, lymphocytes count and cerebrospinal fluid culture. Analysis of NLR in conjunction with bacterial and aseptic meningitis was carried out. During the study period, a total of 100 data samples were obtained, 58 subjects were male and 42 female subjects. Non-bacterial meningitis and aseptic meningitis were found in 62 cases, while bacterial meningitis with positive CSF culture results was found in 38 cases. ROC curve analysis showed the optimal cut-off value for NLR was 5.64 which resulted in a sensitivity of 0.84 and a specificity of 0.51. The Area Under the Curve (AUC) value for the NLR was 0.67 (CI95% 0.56-0.78, p=0,003) with positive and negative predictive values being 0.41 (0.28-0.54) and 0.63 (0.56-0.7), respectively. NLR ≥5.64 can be used as one of the predictors for diagnosing bacterial meningitis in children.

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Bacteria and Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Cerebrospinal Fluid Isolated in Children with Bacterial Meningitis at Sanglah Hospital, Bali from 2016 to 2018

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Microorganism and Antibiotik Sensitivity Pattern of Children Bacterial Meningitis in Denpasar Tertiary Hospital 2019-2020

Microorganism and Antibiotik Sensitivity Pattern of Children Bacterial Meningitis in Denpasar Tertiary Hospital 2019-2020

Aerobic Bacterial Profile and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Patterns of Sterile Body Fluids Among Patients at Hiwot Fana Specialized University Hospital, Harar, Eastern Ethiopia

Neutrophil-Lymphocyte Ratio as a Predictor of Bacterial Meningitis in Children

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