Bacteremias caused by Escherichia coli in cancer patients — analysis of 65 episodes

Krčméry, V.; Špánik, S.; Mrazova, M.; Trupl, J.; Grausova, S.; Grey, E.; Kukuckova, E.; Sulcová, M; Krupova, I.; Koreň, P.

doi:10.1016/s1201-9712(02)90140-2

Cited by 12 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…7 In a previous study on E coli bacteraemia, mortality was found to be higher in patients with polymicrobial rather than monomicrobial bacteraemia. 11 There was also a trend for such an association in our present study, but the difference was not significant. Patients with risk factors for higher mortality should be carefully treated with antibiotics and the source promptly identified.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Clostridium bacteraemia characterised by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing

Woo

Lau²,

Chan

et al. 2005

J Clin Pathol

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Background: Owing to problems in accurate species identification of the diverse genus clostridium, the epidemiology and pathogenicity of many species are not fully understood. Moreover, previous studies on clostridium bacteraemia have been limited and relied only on phenotypic species identification. Aims: To characterise the epidemiology, disease spectrum, and outcome of clostridium bacteraemia using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) gene sequencing. Method: During a four year period (1998)(1999)(2000)(2001), all cases of clostridium bacteraemia were prospectively studied and all ''non-perfringens'' clostridium isolates identified to the species level by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results: Fifty one blood culture isolates were identified as Clostridium perfringens and 17 belonged to 11 other clostridium species. The first case of C disporicum infection and two cases of clostridium bacteraemia in children with intussusception were also described. Of the 68 clostridium isolates from 68 different patients, 38 were associated with clinically relevant bacteraemia. The gastrointestinal and hepatobiliary tracts were common sites of both underlying disease and portal of entry in these patients. Clostridium perfringens accounted for 79% of all clinically relevant bacteraemia, with the remainder caused by a diversity of species. The attributable mortality rate of clinically relevant clostridium bacteraemia was 29%. Younger age and underlying gastrointestinal/hepatobiliary tract disease were associated with mortality (p , 0.05). Conclusions: Patients with clinically relevant clostridium bacteraemia should be investigated for the presence of underlying disease processes in the gastrointestinal or hepatobiliary tracts. 16S rRNA gene analysis will continue to be useful in further understanding the pathogenicity of various clostridium species.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 67%

Clostridium bacteraemia characterised by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing

Woo

Lau²,

Chan

et al. 2005

J Clin Pathol

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“…Escherichia coli is one of the most common causes of Gram‐negative bacterial sepsis in humans []. This systemic inflammatory response syndrome arises as a severe complication of infection following major trauma or during surgery, and is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients [].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human CD1c (BDCA‐1)⁺ myeloid dendritic cells secrete IL‐10 and display an immuno‐regulatory phenotype and function in response to Escherichia coli

Kassianos

Hardy

et al. 2012

Eur J Immunol

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+subsets that display unique gene expression profiles, suggesting specialized functions. CD1c+ DCs express TLR4 while CD141 + DCs do not, thus predicting that these two subsets have differential capacities to respond to Escherichia coli. We isolated highly purified CD1c + and CD141 + DCs and compared them to in vitro generated monocyte-derived DCs (MoDCs) following stimulation with whole E. coli. As expected, MoDCs produced high levels of the proinflammatory cytokines TNF, IL-6, and IL-12, were potent inducers of Th1 responses, and processed E. coli-derived Ag. In contrast, CD1c + DCs produced only low levels of TNF, IL-6, and IL-12 and instead produced high levels of the anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and regulatory molecules IDO and soluble CD25. Moreover, E. coli-activated CD1c + DCs suppressed T-cell proliferation in an IL-10-dependent manner. Contrary to their mouse CD8 + DC counterparts, human CD141 + DCs did not phagocytose or process E. coli-derived Ag and failed to secrete cytokines in response to E. coli. These data demonstrate substantial differences in the nature of the response of human blood DC subsets to E. coli. Keywords: E. coli r Human dendritic cells r IL-10 See accompanying Commentary by Qian and CaoSupporting Information available online IntroductionDCs are potent antigen-presenting cells that play a fundamental role in the induction and regulation of innate and adaptiveCorrespondence: Dr. Kristen J. Radford e-mail: kradford@mmri.mater.org.au immune responses against microbial pathogens. DCs detect microbial products using a sophisticated repertoire of PRR that include the toll-like receptors (TLRs), nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptors, retinoic acid * These authors contributed equally to this work.C 2012 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim www.eji-journal.eu Eur. J. Immunol. 2012. 42: 1512-1522 Immunity to infection 1513 inducible gene 1 (RIG-I)-like receptors and C-type lectins. The nature of the immune response to a given pathogen is tightly regulated by the DC network, which consists of multiple subsets that are equipped with unique PRRs and are endowed with specialized functions. DCs in humans and mice can be categorized into three broad subtypes. These three subtypes are: (i) inflammatory DCs that are mobilized rapidly from monocytes in response to infection and inflammation (monocyte-derived DCs; MoDCs), (ii) migratory DCs that reside in the peripheral tissues and migrate to lymphoid tissues after encounter with Ag, and (iii) the blood and lymphoid tissue resident DCs that are comprised of plasmacytoid and myeloid DCs [1]. Further complexity arises within the steadystate myeloid DC subsets, which in humans are defined as lineage (CD3,14,15,19,20,56 ResultsMoDCs are the main DC subset responsive to E. coli CD1c + and CD141 + DCs were enriched from healthy donor leukapheresis products by immuno-magnetic selection, and flow sorted to high purity (>99%) using our established human DC isolation protocols [8,19]. Autologous MoDCs were differentiated from...

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“…Polymicobial bacteremia was common in this study and associated with a significantly higher mortality than monomicrobial bacteremia. One reason for this is that polymicrobial infections are common in breakthrough infection, where mortality is higher than in monomicrobial infections (41, 42). This is in accordance with a population‐based Danish study where polymicrobial infection was associated with increased mortality (43).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hematological: Low all‐cause mortality and low occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in hematological patients with bacteremia receiving no antibacterial prophylaxis: a single‐center study

Kjellander

Björkholm

Cherif

et al. 2012

European J of Haematology

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The avoidance of fluoroquinolone prophylaxis may have contributed to a stable proportion of Gram-positive bacteremia. The crude mortality was low in an international perspective. Acquired resistance was uncommon, but ciprofloxacin resistance in E. coli increased significantly. We believe that an indiscriminate use of antibacterial prophylaxis could be avoided in neutropenic patients without a negative impact on mortality.

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Bacteremias caused by Escherichia coli in cancer patients — analysis of 65 episodes

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Clostridium bacteraemia characterised by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing

Clostridium bacteraemia characterised by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing

Human CD1c (BDCA‐1)⁺ myeloid dendritic cells secrete IL‐10 and display an immuno‐regulatory phenotype and function in response to Escherichia coli

Hematological: Low all‐cause mortality and low occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in hematological patients with bacteremia receiving no antibacterial prophylaxis: a single‐center study

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Bacteremias caused by Escherichia coli in cancer patients — analysis of 65 episodes

Cited by 12 publications

References 3 publications

Clostridium bacteraemia characterised by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing

Clostridium bacteraemia characterised by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing

Human CD1c (BDCA‐1)+ myeloid dendritic cells secrete IL‐10 and display an immuno‐regulatory phenotype and function in response to Escherichia coli

Hematological: Low all‐cause mortality and low occurrence of antimicrobial resistance in hematological patients with bacteremia receiving no antibacterial prophylaxis: a single‐center study

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Human CD1c (BDCA‐1)⁺ myeloid dendritic cells secrete IL‐10 and display an immuno‐regulatory phenotype and function in response to Escherichia coli