Bacteremia in febrile Malawian children: clinical and microbiologic features

Abstract

Bacteremia is common in hospitalized Malawian children and has a high mortality. There are high rates of resistance to some of the commonly used antibacterial agents.

Bacteremia among Children Admitted to a Rural Hospital in Kenya

“…3,4,7,[9][10][11] We found only three cases of Neisseria meningitidis and one case of Salmonella typhi bacteremia. H. influenzae type b conjugate vaccination was introduced in the final eight months of the study.…”

“…2 However, there are almost no estimates of incidence, mortality, or hospital burden for the majority of pathogenic bacterial species. Most data are from a few urban referral centers, [3][4][5][6][7][8][9] with very little recent data from the rural areas 10,11 where most people in sub-Saharan Africa live. Thus, the impact of childhood bacteremia is largely unknown.…”

Antimicrobial Drug Resistance Trends of Bacteremia Isolates in a Rural Hospital in Southern Mozambique

“…2,3 Non-typhi Salmonella (NTS), Streptococcus pneumoniae , Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli , and Haemophilus influenzae have been consistently described as the principal bacteremia etiologies among children in sub-Saharan Africa. [2][3][4][5][6] There is a growing concern regarding management of community-acquired infections in Africa because of increas ing prevalence of resistance to the most commonly antibiotics used in these settings, and the emergence of multidrug-resistant strains. [6][7][8][9][10][11] Factors such as indiscriminate use of antibiotics as growth promoters in veterinary medicine, antibiotic dispensation without prescription, or incomplete compliance to prescribed duration of treatment are among the major contributors for the global increase of resistance.…”

Impact of sporadic reporting of poultry Salmonella serovars from selected developing countries

“…Reading, S. Virchow, S. Schwarzengrund, S. Westhampton, S. Typhimurium, S. Derby, and S. Heidelberg. It is worth noting that the invasive non-typhi Salmonella (NTS) results in a case fatality percentage, among hospitalized patients in Africa, equivalent to 4.4%-27.0% for children [19][20][21][22] and 22%-47% for adults [23][24][25]. Unfortunately, a routine national surveillance of the distribution of Salmonella serovars in poultry of South Africa, and their potential effects on humans in this country, are absent.…”