Bacteremia due to methicillin-resistant staphylococci occurs more frequently in neutropenic patients who received antimicrobial prophylaxis and is associated with higher mortality in comparison to methicillin-sensitive bacteriemia

Horváthová, Z; Špánik, S.; Šufliarský, Jozef; Mardiak, Jozef; Pichňa, P.; Pichnova, E.; Krajčı́k, Ŝ; Mraz, M; B, Chmelik; Ďačok, J; Bérešová, Jana; Krupova, I.; Hrachová, A; Trupl, J.; Kunová, A.; Krčméry, V.

doi:10.1016/s0924-8579(98)00009-0

Cited by 26 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 7 publications

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“…[5][6][7] In neutropenic patients, antibacterial chemoprophylaxis with fluorinated quinolones has reduced the incidence of Gram negative bacteremia. 8 However, quinolones have been associated with increased incidence of viridans streptococci bacteremia [9][10][11] and quinolone-resistant aerobic Gram-negative bacilli (GNB) infections. [12][13][14][15] Given the absence of well-demonstrated efficacy of oral prophylactic antibiotics, some centers have tried prophylactic intravenous antibiotics in patients with neutropenia of well-predicted duration, who usually need empiric antibacterial treatment despite oral antibacterial chemoprophylaxis.…”

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confidence: 99%

Prophylaxis of early bacterial infections after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT): a matched-pair study comparing oral fluoroquinolones and intravenous piperacillin–tazobactam

Solano

Gutiérrez

Martínez

et al. 2005

Bone Marrow Transplant

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Summary:The safety and efficacy of early bacterial prophylaxis with piperacillin-tazobactam were prospectively evaluated in 51 autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) recipients. The results were compared with those obtained in 51 control patients receiving oral fluoroquinolones in a retrospective matched-pair control study. Overall, 76% of the study group and 98% of the control group developed at least one febrile episode during neutropenia (P ¼ 0.002). Time from neutropenia to the first febrile episode (FFE) was significantly longer in the study group than in the control group (P ¼ 0.04). Once a febrile episode appeared, the duration of fever was significantly longer in cases than in controls (median of 5 and 2 days respectively, Po0.001), and led to a more frequent use of empirical amphotericin B (AmB), not statistically significant (P ¼ 0.13). However, the total time of antibiotic administration was significantly greater in the control than in the study group (P ¼ 0.05). The duration of AmB treatment shows a trend toward a longer duration in the control than in study group (P ¼ 0.2). Overall, 86% of the Gram-positive bacteremia and 85% of the Gram-negative bacteria were susceptible to the tested antibiotics. Our study suggests that a subgroup of patients could benefit from prophylaxis with piperacillintazobactam without increasing toxicity or bacterial resistance. Bone Marrow Transplantation (2005) 36, 59-65.

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confidence: 99%

Prophylaxis of early bacterial infections after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT): a matched-pair study comparing oral fluoroquinolones and intravenous piperacillin–tazobactam

Solano

Gutiérrez

Martínez

et al. 2005

Bone Marrow Transplant

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“…In contrast, the epidemiology of nosocomial CoNS bacteremia has been well defined. The independent risk factors associated with nosocomial CoNS bacteremia include intravenous access, acute leukemia, previous documentation of CoNS colonization, malignancies, neutropenia, and previous receipt of antibiotic therapy [1,[8][9][10].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological Comparison of True Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcal Bacteremia at Hospital Admission

Tacconelli

D’Agata

Karchmer

2003

Clinical Infectious Diseases

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We performed 2 case-control studies among 108 patients with true coagulase-negative staphylococcal (CoNS) bacteremia diagnosed within 48 h of hospital admission. Seventy-nine patients (73%) with methicillin-resistant (MR) CoNS bacteremia and 29 patients (27%) with methicillin-susceptible (MS) CoNS bacteremia were compared with 79 randomly selected control patients without CoNS bacteremia. The presence of a central venous catheter was an independent risk factor for both MR- and MS-CoNS bacteremia (P<.001). Patients with MR-CoNS bacteremia were more frequently admitted from health care facilities (P=.02), more likely to have had previous MR Staphylococcus aureus infection or colonization (P=.02), and more likely to have received antibiotics in the previous 30 days (P=.02). The probability that bacteremia was caused by an MR strain, rather than an MS strain, was 62% among patients admitted from the community and 84% among patients admitted from health care facilities. This study identified epidemiological characteristics that can be used to distinguish between MR- and MS-CoNS bacteremia and found high rates of methicillin resistance among CoNS isolates recovered from patients admitted from the community, as well as from health care facilities.

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“…On the other hand, a prolonged and single exposure to antibiotics often permits the outbreak of antibiotic-resistant organisms [8][9][10][11]16]. A total of 9.1% of patients receiving the prophylactic garenoxacin had microbiologically documented bacteremia in the present study.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…Then, we found that infection rates were significantly lower in cancer patients prophylactically treated with antibiotics such as trimethoprimsulfamethoxazole and oral quinolones than in placebo recipients [8,9]. However, routine antibiotic prophylaxis is not recommended for all patients with anticipated prolonged and severe neutropenia due to some associated disadvantages including drug-related adverse reactions, increased medical expenses, and the development of antibiotic resistance [8,10,11]. In current practice guidelines by the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) and National Comprehensive Cancer Network (NCCN), B-I and category 2A prophylaxis, respectively, is recommended for limited patients undergoing chemotherapy with anticipated <0.1×10 9 neutrophils/l lasting more than 7 days.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Optimal Approach for Fluoroquinolone Garenoxacin Prophylaxis in Patients with Hematological Malignancies and Chemotherapy-induced Neutropenia

Mushino¹,

Hanaoka²,

Murata³

et al. 2017

J Blood Lymph

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Antibiotic prophylaxis such as that with fluoroquinolone reportedly reduces infectious episodes in patients receiving chemotherapy regimens with the risk of febrile neutropenia. However, optimum patient characteristics, the timing of initiation, and antibiotics for prophylactic treatments have yet to be identified. We herein conducted a single-arm monocenter clinical study to elucidate the therapeutic profiles of fluoroquinolone garenoxacin prophylaxis for patients with hematological malignancies (HMs). Fever was not present for the duration of chemotherapyinduced neutropenia in 29 (43.9%) out of 66 patients. A shorter duration of prophylaxis until chemotherapy-induced neutropenia had a more potent effect on delaying febrile episodes, even in patients with fever. Excessive neutropenia (minimum zero neutrophils/l) negatively affected prophylactic effects. Garenoxacin accounted for 4.5% of the minor adverse events observed such as mild renal damage and skin reactions. Therefore, the study suggests that the initiation of garenoxacin prophylaxis from the introduction of neutropenia could be an effectual strategy for preventing chemotherapy-induced febrile episodes in HM patients with moderate neutropenia.

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Bacteremia due to methicillin-resistant staphylococci occurs more frequently in neutropenic patients who received antimicrobial prophylaxis and is associated with higher mortality in comparison to methicillin-sensitive bacteriemia

Cited by 26 publications

References 7 publications

Prophylaxis of early bacterial infections after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT): a matched-pair study comparing oral fluoroquinolones and intravenous piperacillin–tazobactam

Prophylaxis of early bacterial infections after autologous peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT): a matched-pair study comparing oral fluoroquinolones and intravenous piperacillin–tazobactam

Epidemiological Comparison of True Methicillin-Resistant and Methicillin-Susceptible Coagulase-Negative Staphylococcal Bacteremia at Hospital Admission

An Optimal Approach for Fluoroquinolone Garenoxacin Prophylaxis in Patients with Hematological Malignancies and Chemotherapy-induced Neutropenia

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