Bacteraemia in adults due to glucose non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli other than P. aeruginosa

Vidal, Francesc; Mensa, José; Almela, Manel; Olona, Montserrat; Martínez, José Antonio; Marco, F. De; López, M J; Soriano, Álex; Horcajada, Juan Pablo; Gatell, José M.; Richart, C

doi:10.1093/qjmed/hcg031

Cited by 43 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…The electrokaryotypes of four clinical isolates of C. meningosepticum were similar to those of faucet isolates. Measures directed at making the water supply safe may prevent infection by C. meningosepticum and other waterborne pathogens.Nosocomial infections caused by nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) are increasing in intensive care units (ICUs) (19,20,27). Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia account for most endemic infections.…”

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confidence: 99%

“…and Sphingomonas spp. are particularly troublesome (19,20,27).Hospital water has been shown to be a significant source of health care-associated infections caused P. aeruginosa in ICUs (4,15,17,18,25,26). Trautmann et al (24) reported that P. aeruginosa could be frequently recovered from tap water outlets in ICUs and that the same genotypes were recovered from colonized or infected patients (24).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Nosocomial infections caused by nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) are increasing in intensive care units (ICUs) (19,20,27). Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia account for most endemic infections.…”

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confidence: 99%

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Association between Contaminated Faucets and Colonization or Infection by Nonfermenting Gram-Negative Bacteria in Intensive Care Units in Taiwan

et al. 2009

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This study was designed to determine the strength of the association between the isolation of nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) from tap water faucet aerators and the prevalence of colonization or infection of patients in intensive care units (ICUs). Surveillance cultures were obtained during a 4-month period from 162 faucet aerators located in seven different ICUs. The prevalence of colonization or infection of ICU patients with NFGNB was determined by prospective surveillance during the same period. Fifty four (33%) of the faucet aerators contained NFGNB. Among the 66 NFGNB isolated from faucet aerators, the most frequently encountered ones were Sphingomonas paucimobili (26 isolates), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14 isolates), Chryseobacterium meningosepticum (13 isolates), Achromobacter xylosoxidans (6 isolates), Burkholderia cepacia (4 isolates), and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (3 isolates). Acinetobacter baumannii was not recovered. The most common NFGNB isolated from ICU patients were P. aeruginosa and A. baumannii. There was a significant correlation between the overall prevalence of NFGNB in faucet aerators and their prevalence in exposed ICU patients (Spearman r ‫؍‬ 0.821, P ‫؍‬ 0.02). There was also a significant correlation between the prevalence of C. meningosepticum in faucet aerators and its prevalence among ICU patients (Spearman r ‫؍‬ 0.847, P ‫؍‬ 0.016). The electrokaryotypes of four clinical isolates of C. meningosepticum were similar to those of faucet isolates. Measures directed at making the water supply safe may prevent infection by C. meningosepticum and other waterborne pathogens.Nosocomial infections caused by nonfermentative gram-negative bacilli (NFGNB) are increasing in intensive care units (ICUs) (19,20,27). Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia account for most endemic infections. Outbreaks by other NFGNB such as Chryseobacterium spp. and Sphingomonas spp. are particularly troublesome (19,20,27).Hospital water has been shown to be a significant source of health care-associated infections caused P. aeruginosa in ICUs (4,15,17,18,25,26). Trautmann et al. (24) reported that P. aeruginosa could be frequently recovered from tap water outlets in ICUs and that the same genotypes were recovered from colonized or infected patients (24). Anaissie et al. estimated that 1,400 deaths occur each year in the United States as a result of waterborne nosocomial pneumonias caused by P. aeruginosa (1). Chlorinated tap water in hospitals often contains low levels of Legionella, P. aeruginosa, other NFGNB, mycobacteria, and Aspergillus (2,7,23,24,29). Assurance of a safe water supply is therefore an essential component of infection control in ICUs.During a recent investigation to determine the source of an outbreak of multidrug-resistant A. baumannii in an ICU, we cultured tap water faucets. P. aeruginosa and numerous other NFGNB, including Chryseobacterium meningosepticum, A. xylosoxidans, and Sphingomonas paucimobilis, were recovered. A. baumannii co...

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Association between Contaminated Faucets and Colonization or Infection by Nonfermenting Gram-Negative Bacteria in Intensive Care Units in Taiwan

et al. 2009

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“…Our patient had several predisposing conditions for invasive soft tissue and bloodstream infections. Chronic hemodialysis and corticosteroid use have previously been shown to be risk factors for Gram-negative rod bacteremia (18,20). Whether prior splenectomy in our patient contributed to infection with S. marcescens is not entirely clear.…”

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confidence: 77%

Serratia marcescens Necrotizing Fasciitis Presenting as Bilateral Breast Necrosis

Rehman

Moore

Seoane³

2012

J Clin Microbiol

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Serratia marcescens is an extremely rare cause of necrotizing fasciitis. We report the first case of necrotizing fasciitis of the chest wall due to infection with S. marcescens that initially manifested as bilateral breast necrosis. The patient had a fulminant course leading to death within 72 h of presentation. Literature pertinent to S. marcescens -mediated necrotizing fasciitis is also reviewed.

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“…First, it focused mainly on B. cepacia and S. maltophilia infections in trauma patients, a population largely devoid of other medical comorbidities, whereas most reported studies have focused on patients with cystic fibrosis (Spicuzza et al, 2009;Waters et al, 2013;CorreaRuiz et al, 2013). Second, our study attempted to distinguish those with true infections based on CDC definition and not just mere colonisation, whereas other studies failed to differentiate true infections from colonisation (Vidal et al, 2003). Third, monthly and yearly distributions of these two bacteria along with antibiotic resistance patterns were observed, compared and analysed.…”

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confidence: 99%

Epidemiology and outcomes of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Burkholderia cepacia infections among trauma patients of India: a five year experience

Rajkumari

Mathur

Gupta

et al. 2014

Journal of Infection Prevention

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Infection Prevention IntroductionAs infections due to non-fermenting Gram negative bacteria (NFGNB) are on the rise in nosocomial settings, it is important to study their epidemiology. Unlike the well-known Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas spp., infections due to other non-fermenting bacteria, such as Burkholderia spp. and Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, are steadily increasing. The emergence of new multidrug-resistant (MDR) organisms (MDROs) found in nonclinical environments, the increasing reports of community acquired Material and methods:Patients admitted for trauma care with S. maltophilia and/or B. cepacia isolated from clinical specimens were enrolled. Characteristics regarding the strain isolation, drug sensitivity pattern, multidrug resistance (MDR), patient, outcomes, and differentiation of true infection from colonisation were observed.Results: Of the total 233 isolates, 102 were S. maltophilia and 131 were B. cepacia; 4.3% were responsible for polymicrobial infections with other bacteria. There were more B. cepacia MDR isolates than S. maltophilia. Maximum resistance was found to tetracycline (86.7%) and tobramycin (86.7%) in B. cepacia and to co-trimoxazole (68.7%) in S. maltophilia. Of these, 21 (16.03%) had a fatal outcome and the remaining 111 (84.7%) were discharged healthy. The in-hospital mortality rate associated with B. cepacia was much (16%) higher than S. maltophilia (13%) at this centre. Conclusion:The analysis of epidemiology and outcome of these infections will help to inform their management and treatment.

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Bacteraemia in adults due to glucose non-fermentative Gram-negative bacilli other than P. aeruginosa

Cited by 43 publications

References 37 publications

Association between Contaminated Faucets and Colonization or Infection by Nonfermenting Gram-Negative Bacteria in Intensive Care Units in Taiwan

Association between Contaminated Faucets and Colonization or Infection by Nonfermenting Gram-Negative Bacteria in Intensive Care Units in Taiwan

Serratia marcescens Necrotizing Fasciitis Presenting as Bilateral Breast Necrosis

Epidemiology and outcomes of Stenotrophomonas maltophilia and Burkholderia cepacia infections among trauma patients of India: a five year experience

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