Bacopa monniera leaf extract up-regulates tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH2) and serotonin transporter (SERT) expression: Implications in memory formation

Charles, Prisila Dulcy; Ambigapathy, Ganesh; Geraldine, Pitchairaj; Akbarsha, Mohammad Abdulkadar; Rajan, Koilmani Emmanuvel

doi:10.1016/j.jep.2010.11.045

Cited by 46 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 41 publications

(43 reference statements)

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“…Recent investigations have shown that an increase of 5-HT transmission may improve performances in different behavioral tests assessing cognitive flexibility in rodents (Bari et al, 2010;Charles et al, 2011). Furthermore, impaired reversal learning and perseveration have also been reported following acute tryptophan and 5-HT depletion in humans and other primates (Clarke et al, 2004;Evers et al, 2010).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulation of 5-HT2C Receptors Improves Cognitive Deficits Induced by Human Tryptophan Hydroxylase 2 Loss of Function Mutation

Del’Guidice

Lemay

Lemasson

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

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Polymorphisms in the gene encoding the serotonin synthesis enzyme Tph2 have been identified in mental illnesses, including bipolar disorder, major depression, autism, schizophrenia, and ADHD. Deficits in cognitive flexibility and perseverative behaviors are shared common symptoms in these disorders. However, little is known about the impact of Tph2 gene variants on cognition. Mice expressing a human TPH2 variant (Tph2-KI) were used to investigate cognitive consequences of TPH2 loss of function and pharmacological treatments. We applied a recently developed behavioral assay, the automated H-maze, to study cognitive functions in Tph2-KI mice. This assay involves the consecutive discovery of three different rules: a delayed alternation task, a non-alternation task, and a delayed reversal task. Possible contribution of locomotion, reward, and sensory perception were also investigated. The expression of loss-of-function mutant Tph2 in mice was associated with impairments in reversal learning and cognitive flexibility, accompanied by perseverative behaviors similar to those observed in human clinical studies. Pharmacological restoration of 5-HT synthesis with 5-hydroxytryptophan or treatment with the 5-HT 2C receptor agonist CP809.101 reduced cognitive deficits in Tph2-KI mice and abolished perseveration. In contrast, treatment with the psychostimulant methylphenidate exacerbated cognitive deficits in mutant mice. Results from this study suggest a contribution of TPH2 in the regulation of cognition. Furthermore, identification of a role for a 5-HT 2 receptor agonist as a cognition-enhancing agent in mutant mice suggests a potential avenue to explore for the personalized treatment of cognitive symptoms in humans with reduced 5-HT synthesis and TPH2 polymorphisms.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stimulation of 5-HT2C Receptors Improves Cognitive Deficits Induced by Human Tryptophan Hydroxylase 2 Loss of Function Mutation

Del’Guidice

Lemay

Lemasson

et al. 2013

Neuropsychopharmacol

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“…EGCG modulates AMPA receptor functions in the VPA exposed rats. These results will provide valuable insights into the regulatory mechanisms of neurotransmitters and social behaviors and guide the development of novel AMPA receptor-based therapies to correct social deficits in autism [23][24][25][26]. EGCG significantly reduced delayed neuronal damage and it has been demonstrated to pass the blood-brain barrier and reach brain parenchyma in an animal study [27], shows a significant increase in the number of surviving neurons in the hippocampal region [28].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dose-Dependent Amelioration of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Against Sodium Valproate Induced Autistic Rats

Kumaravel¹,

Melchias²,

Vasanth³

et al. 2017

Int J Pharm Pharm Sci

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Objective: Autism is a neurodevelopment related disorder with a range of clinical presentations attending serious behavioral and neurological disorders among young children that now occur at epidemic rates in developing countries, India included. The objective of this research was to study the effect of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) on sodium valproate-induced autism rats. Methods:On the 12 th day of gestation wistar rats were administered with a single intraperitoneal injection of sodium valproate (VPA) (600 mg/kg body weight), which induced autism. The rats were treated with EGCG in varying doses 1, 2 and 5 mg/kg body weight via oral administration. The neuroprotectivity effect of the EGCG was followed by assessing the neurotransmitters and neurobiochemical activities such as serotonin, glutamate and nitrite levels in hippocampus and cerebellum region of the brain. Results:Early prenatal exposure to VPA provokes autistic symptoms. Induction of autism significantly impinged the neurotransmitters and neurochemicals such as serotonin, glutamate and nitrite levels in the brain (hippocampus and cerebellum) increased significantly in the rats exposed to VPA. After treatment with an effective dose of EGCG 2 mg/kg body weight the neurotransmitters and neurochemicals levels were decreased when compared with control and VPA-exposed rats.Conclusion: EGCG ameliorates and reverses autistic attributes possibly due to its neuroprotective activity which could pave the way for future investigation for the possible therapeutic approach.

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“…[29] The inhibitory effects of cholinesterase act as memory enhancement by increasing the ACh level and decreasing dopamine level. [30][31][32] Alzheimer's disease or dementia is closely related to the reduction of ACh levels in the brain. [33,34] ACh shows memory enhancing activity due to stimulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) by ACh receptor.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A new weapon for memory power: Elephantopus scaber (Linn.)

Sahoo¹,

Mandal

Bhattamisra

et al. 2014

Int J Nutr Pharmacol Neurol Dis

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Aims:To investigate the memory enhancing potential of ethanolic extract of Elephantopus scaber (Linn.) leaves (EESL) in Swiss albino aged mice along with its possible mode of action. Materials and Methods: The memory enhancing activity was estimated by measurement of transfer latency (TL) in elevated plus maze test; step-down latency (SDL) in passive avoidance test, cholinesterase and caspase level from brain homogenate of mice. The EESL at the dose of 150, 300, and 600 mg/kg of body weight was administered orally for 15 days to different groups (n = 6) of aged mice and was found dose dependent improvement in memory score after termination period. Results: In aged mice, EESL reversed significantly amnesiatic potential in TL and SDL, reduced significantly cholinesterase level, and increased significantly caspase level as compared to control group. Conclusions: These above finding suggest that the EESL may exhibit memory enhancing activity in aged mice and this enhancement of memory may be due to increase anticholinesterase and caspase activity in mice brain.How to cite this article: Sahoo HB, Mandal PK, Bhattamisra SK, Bhaiji A, Sagar R. A new weapon for memory power: Elephantopus scaber (Linn.). Int J Nutr Pharmacol Neurol Dis 2014;4:64-8.

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Bacopa monniera leaf extract up-regulates tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH2) and serotonin transporter (SERT) expression: Implications in memory formation

Cited by 46 publications

References 41 publications

Stimulation of 5-HT2C Receptors Improves Cognitive Deficits Induced by Human Tryptophan Hydroxylase 2 Loss of Function Mutation

Stimulation of 5-HT2C Receptors Improves Cognitive Deficits Induced by Human Tryptophan Hydroxylase 2 Loss of Function Mutation

Dose-Dependent Amelioration of Epigallocatechin-3-Gallate Against Sodium Valproate Induced Autistic Rats

A new weapon for memory power: Elephantopus scaber (Linn.)

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