Backscattering limitation for fiber-optic quantum key distribution systems

Subacius, Darius; Zavriyev, A.; Trifonov, Alexei

doi:10.1063/1.1842862

Cited by 69 publications

(59 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…In fact, Subacius et al extensively investigated the backscattering in the fiber and its impact on the performance of a two-way QKD system. They concluded that for the two-way QKD system, a longer transmission and higher key rate are conflicting demands, even if the photon detector performance is improved [25]. Alternatively, the collision of crossing pulses in the fiber can be reduced by sending bursts of pulses spaced by long dead intervals and using a storage line in Alice's system, but this eventually reduces the effective key rate [14].…”

Section: Michelson Interferometer and Faraday Mirrors To Develop An Imentioning

confidence: 99%

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One-Way Quantum Key Distribution System Based on Planar Lightwave Circuits

Nambu

Yoshino

Tomita³

2006

jjap

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We developed a one-way quantum key distribution (QKD) system based upon a planar lightwave circuit (PLC) interferometer. This interferometer is expected to be free from the backscattering inherent in commercially available two-way QKD systems and phase drift without active compensation. A key distribution experiment with spools of standard telecom fiber showed that the bit error rate was as low as 6% for a 100-km key distribution using an attenuated laser pulse with a mean photon number of 0.1 and was determined solely by the detector noise. This clearly demonstrates the advantages of our PLC-based one-way QKD system over two-way QKD systems for long distance key distribution.

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Section: Michelson Interferometer and Faraday Mirrors To Develop An Imentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Recently, several commercial prototypes based on this system have been released [24]. Despite its usefulness, several drawbacks originating from two-way photon transmission have been pointed out [14,17,19,21,23,25]. For example, Ribordy et al…”

Section: Michelson Interferometer and Faraday Mirrors To Develop An Imentioning

confidence: 99%

One-Way Quantum Key Distribution System Based on Planar Lightwave Circuits

Nambu

Yoshino

Tomita³

2006

jjap

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“…It will significantly save the communication resource of the optical network. However, the influence of the Raman scattering and direct crosstalk will evidently increase the QBER and restrict the communication ability [20] , which can be observed in the field-test data below.…”

Section: Basic Qkd-link Devicementioning

confidence: 91%

Field experiment on a robust hierarchical metropolitan quantum cryptography network

et al. 2009

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A hierarchical metropolitan quantum cryptography network upon the inner-city commercial telecom fiber cables is reported in this paper. The seven-user network contains a four-node backbone net with one node acting as the subnet gateway, a two-user subnet and a single-fiber access link, which is realized by the Faraday-Michelson interferometer set-ups. The techniques of the quantum router, optical switch and trusted relay are assembled here to guarantee the feasibility and expandability of the quantum cryptography network. Five nodes of the network are located in the government departments and the secure keys generated by the quantum key distribution network are utilized to encrypt the instant video, sound, text messages and confidential files transmitting between these bureaus. The whole implementation including the hierarchical quantum cryptographic communication network links and the corresponding application software shows a big step toward the practical user-oriented network with a high security level. quantum cryptography, quantum key distribution, quantum cryptography networkIn the latest two decades, quantum cryptographic service has gradually been refined due to the rapid improvement of the quantum key distribution (QKD) technique in practice [1−5] . Derived from the fundamental laws of physics, it offers a highly secure communication between legal users, no matter how the eavesdropper tampers with the system in the open channel [6,7] . However, traditional point-to-point QKD protocols have their intrinsic limitations on the secure distance and expansibility of users. Quantum secret sharing with GHZ states or W states gives a scheme of the communication for more than two users [8−11] , nevertheless it is more meaningful in quantum communication instead of practical quantum cryptography. For the fast inflation of user number and unforeseen emergent demands of communication service, so far it seems that a robust quantum cryptography network compatible with the classical optical network is a potential solution.Since the first quantum cryptography idea for passive optical network (PON) was proposed by Townsend et al. [12,13] with beam splitters, many new topologies for quantum network have been designed and subsequently quantum network construction has been demonstrated in real-built telecom optical network. The first network experiment fielded by BBN with 3 nodes in Boston is based on the active optical switches [14] . Following that, we built a 4-port "star type" quantum network in Beijing benefited from a "quantum router" structure which can realize the passive routing with WDM apparatus [15] . SECOQC also constructs the network with 7 QKD links to connect 5 nodes in Vienna [16] . Recently, Chen et al. [17] applied the decoy state method to connect 3 nodes together by treating the node in the middle as a trusted relay.

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“…In addition, a broad background is observed, arising from spontaneous Raman scattering in the silica glass of the fibre. This inelastic process exhibits equal scattering cross-sections in both the forward and reverse directions, thus transferring photons from the conventional channels into new frequency bands spread across the full fibre transparency window [21,22]. The QKD system used here has a nominal launch power level of −65 dBm and the FTTH network has a transmission loss of approximately 23 dB, resulting in a receive power of the quantum channel of around −88 dBm.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantum Information to the Home

Choi

Young

Townsend

2011

37th European Conference and Exposition on Optical Communications

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Abstract. Information encoded on individual quanta will play an important role in our future lives, much as classically encoded digital information does today. Combining quantum information carried by single photons with classical signals encoded on strong laser pulses in modern fibre-to-the-home (FTTH) networks is a significant challenge, the solution to which will facilitate the global distribution of quantum information to the home and with it a quantum internet [1]. In real-world networks, spontaneous Raman scattering in the optical fibre would induce crosstalk between the high-power classical channels and a single-photon quantum channel, such that the latter is unable to operate. Here, we show that the integration of quantum and classical information on an FTTH network is possible by performing quantum key distribution (QKD) on a network while simultaneously transferring realistic levels of classical data. Our novel scheme involves synchronously interleaving a channel of quantum data with the Raman scattered photons from a classical channel, exploiting the periodic minima in the instantaneous crosstalk and thereby enabling secure QKD to be performed.

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Backscattering limitation for fiber-optic quantum key distribution systems

Cited by 69 publications

References 11 publications

One-Way Quantum Key Distribution System Based on Planar Lightwave Circuits

One-Way Quantum Key Distribution System Based on Planar Lightwave Circuits

Field experiment on a robust hierarchical metropolitan quantum cryptography network

Quantum Information to the Home

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