Bacillus thuringiensis and microbial control of flies

Carlberg, Gunnel

doi:10.1007/bf00933492

Cited by 18 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Although this is considered to be an isolate that yields high pathogenicity among arthropods (FERNANDES et al, 2007), it was unable to cause satisfactory mortality rates. In a study on controlling the fly population that develops in bird droppings, Carlberg (1986) reported that S. calcitrans and Fannia canicularis flies were less susceptible to Bacillus thuringiensis than Musca domestica was. The tolerance of the immature stages of S. calcitrans to the B. bassiana s.l.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A good deal of research is currently focused on pest control methods, in line with the principles of integrated pest management (CARLBERG, 1986). However, few studies have examined the use of entomopathogenic fungi for biological control (WATSON et al, 1995;SKOVGARD & STEENBERG, 2002;MORAES et al, 2008), or the antimicrobial mechanisms of the immature stages of S. calcitrans.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antimicrobial activity of Stomoxys calcitransagainst Beauveria bassiana sensu lato isolates

Moraes

Salles

Bittencourt

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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This study had the aims of evaluating the antimicrobial characteristics of Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) larvae against the fungal isolates CG138, CG228 and ESALQ986 of Beauveria bassiana sensu lato (Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin, 1912 (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae). S. calcitrans eggs, larvae and pupae were exposed to these same isolates. Statistical analysis showed that the immature stages of S. calcitrans were not susceptible to the fungal isolates used, regardless of the exposure method. Diffusion test on solid culture medium reveled that macerated S. calcitrans larvae exposed to isolate CG138 reduced CG138 fungal development. The analysis of the chromatographic profiles indicated that the macerate or mucus of larvae of the control group and the groups exposed to the isolate CG138 presented different profiles. Reduced development of the isolate CG138 on the larvae cuticle was observed by means of scanning electron microscopy.Keywords: Stomoxys calcitrans, Beauveria bassiana, antimicrobial activity, biological control. ResumoEste estudo teve como objetivos avaliar as características antimicrobianas de larvas de Stomoxys calcitrans (Diptera: Muscidae) contra os isolados CG138, CG228 e ESALQ986 de Beauveria bassiana sensu lato (Balsamo-Crivelli) Vuillemin, 1912 (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae). Ovos, larvas e pupas de S. calcitrans foram expostos a estes mesmos isolados. Após análise estatística, foi verificado que os estágios imaturos de S. calcitrans não foram susceptíveis aos isolados utilizados, independentemente do método de exposição utilizado. O teste de difusão em meio sólido mostrou que quando o isolado CG138 foi exposto a macerado de larvas houve redução do desenvolvimento fúngico. A análise dos perfis cromatográficos mostrou que o macerado ou muco de larvas do grupo controle e dos grupos expostos ao isolado CG138 apresentaram diferenças nos perfis. Um desenvolvimento reduzido do isolado CG138 na cutícula de larvas foi observado pela microscopia eletrônica de varredura.Palavras-Chave: Stomoxys calcitrans, Beauveria bassiana, atividade antimicrobiana, controle biológico.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Antimicrobial activity of Stomoxys calcitransagainst Beauveria bassiana sensu lato isolates

Moraes

Salles

Bittencourt

et al. 2015

Rev. Bras. Parasitol. Vet.

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“…Nevertheless, β‐exotoxin preparations (Muscabac ® ; Farmos Group, Ovlunsalo Finland; Bitoxibacillin ® ; Mikrobioprom, Moscow, Russia) have been used effectively to control fly larvae in piggeries, latrine and compost toilets when insects are resistant to chemicals and at insecticidal doses that do not affect vertebrates (Carlberg et al . 1985; Carlberg 1986).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Update on the detection of beta-exotoxin in Bacillus thuringiensis strains by HPLC analysis

2001

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Aims:The current work aimed to study the presence of b-exotoxin by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in supernatant¯uids from ®nal whole cultures of the 69 type strains and 13 subtypes of Bacillus thuringiensis strains, as well as from some insecticidal strains. Methods and Results:Results from HPLC and bioassays with Ephestia kuhniella (Lepidoptera Pyralidae) were compared. Type I b-exotoxin was only detected in type strains representing serotypes H1, H9 and H10a,10b. Discrepancies between HPLC and bioassays were found in H8a,8b and some insecticidal strains, which suggests the occurrence of another soluble toxin different from type I b-exotoxin, possibly type II b-exotoxin. Conclusions: This study shows the need to use bioassays to determine the presence of bexotoxin activity. However, HPLC is a fast and sensitive technique if only type I b-exotoxin is to be determined. The occurrence of b-exotoxin in a type strain does not imply production of this metabolite by other strains belonging to the same serovar. Signi®cance and Impact of the Study: These results complete the characterization of type strains belonging to

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“…Nevertheless, several β-exotoxin preparations have been used effectively to control fly larvae in piggeries, latrine, and compost toilets (Carlberg et al, 1985(Carlberg et al, , 1986.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis d-exotoxins and b-endotoxins to Drosophila melanogaster, Ephestia kuhniella and human erythrocytes

Obeidat¹,

Khyami-Horani

Al-Momani³

2012

Afr. J. Biotechnol.

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A total of 73 Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) strains were screened for the presence of non-hemolytic insecticidal -exotoxin-free -endotoxins. Out of them, 45 Bt strains produced -endotoxins with specific insecticidal activity against Drosophila melanogaster and/or Ephestia kuhniella larvae. The thermostable -exotoxin was observed only in 15 Bt strains and appeared to exhibit dual non-specific insecticidal activity against both D. melanogaster and E. kuhniella larvae and showed in vitro hemolysis for human erythrocytes. It was found that -exotoxin was produced by Bt strains belonging to five serovars (israelensis, kenyae, kurstaki, pakistani, and tohokuensis) and two non-serotypable strains. This result suggests that β-exotoxin production is a strain-specific property rather than a serovarspecific property. To our knowledge, this is the first study that demonstrates -exotoxins production association with Bt strains belonging to serovars israelensis, pakistani, and tohokuensis. The plasmid DNA profiles of some -exotoxin producing Bt strains shared large plasmid patterns which may have the common -exotoxin regulatory gene(s). It was found that 16 local Bt strains, 15 of which belonged to five serovars (aizawai, israelensis, kurstaki, morrisoni, and pakistani) and one was autoagglutinated strain, produced non-hemolytic insecticidal -exotoxin-free -endotoxins. Based on random amplified polymorphic DNA-polymerase chain reaction (RAPD-PCR), the genotypic relatedness among these 16 Bt strains was investigated. The strains were grouped into two clusters. Bt strains within serovars israelensis were grouped in two subclusters, Bt strains within serovars aizawai were genomically homogeneous and clustered together, while the other serovars were grouped together in one subcluster. The autoagglutinated strain was clustered within serovar israelensis. Thus, these endotoxins can be developed for the use in Bt-based insecticidal preparations.

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Bacillus thuringiensis and microbial control of flies

Cited by 18 publications

References 16 publications

Antimicrobial activity of Stomoxys calcitransagainst Beauveria bassiana sensu lato isolates

Antimicrobial activity of Stomoxys calcitransagainst Beauveria bassiana sensu lato isolates

Update on the detection of beta-exotoxin in Bacillus thuringiensis strains by HPLC analysis

Toxicity of Bacillus thuringiensis d-exotoxins and b-endotoxins to Drosophila melanogaster, Ephestia kuhniella and human erythrocytes

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