Bacillus thermotolerans sp. nov., a thermophilic bacterium capable of reducing humus

Abstract

A novel thermotolerant bacterium, designated SgZ-8 T , was isolated from a compost sample. Cells were non-motile, endospore-forming, Gram-staining positive, oxidase-negative and catalasepositive. The isolate was able to grow at 20-65 6C (optimum 50 6C) and pH 6.0-9.0 (optimum 6.5-7.0), and tolerate up to 9.0 % NaCl (w/v) under aerobic conditions. Anaerobic growth occurred with anthraquinone-2,6-disulphonate (AQDS), fumarate and NO 3 -as electron acceptors. Phylogenetic analysis based on the16S rRNA and gyrB genes grouped strain SgZ-8 T into the genus Bacillus, with the highest similarity to Bacillus badius JCM 12228 T (96.2 % for 16S rRNA gene sequence and 83.5 % for gyrB gene sequence) among all recognized species in the genus Bacillus. The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 49.3 mol%. The major isoprenoid quinone was menaquinone 7 (MK-7) and the polar lipids consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine and an unidentified phospholipid. The major cellular fatty acid was iso-C 16 : 0 . On the basis of its phenotypic and phylogenetic properties, chemotaxonomic analysis and the results of physiological and biochemical tests, strain SgZ-8 T (5CCTCC AB 2012108 T 5KACC 16706 T ) was designated the type strain of a novel species of the genus Bacillus, for which the name Bacillus thermotolerans sp. nov. is proposed.

Comparative Genome Analysis of Bacillus sporothermodurans with Its Closest Phylogenetic Neighbor, Bacillus oleronius, and Bacillus cereus and Bacillus subtilis Groups

“…Bacillus thermoamylovorans , another emerging highly heat-resistant Bacillus species isolated from milk and known to be almost as heat-resistant as B. sporothermodurans [ 32 ], also grouped within the B. sporothermodurans cluster. Similarly, the moderately heat-resistant B. thermotolerans , initially thought to be closely related to B. firmus [ 33 ], was included in cluster A, despite recent calls for it to be given a new genus, Quasibacillus thermotolerans [ 34 ]. The relatedness of the whole genome sequence of B .…”

Molecular Hydrogen, a Neglected Key Driver of Soil Biogeochemical Processes

“…Several Knallgas bacteria can break down polymeric compounds. For instance, Bacillus pseudofirmus and Bacillus thermotolerans can reduce humic acids when oxidizing Fe(III) oxides (172,173), while Burkholderia spp. (phylum Proteobacteria) can break down lignin (166).…”

Compostibacillus humi gen. nov., sp. nov., a member of the family Bacillaceae, isolated from sludge compost

“…At the time of writing, the family Bacillaceae in the order Bacillales comprised more than 50 recognized genera (http://www.bacterio.net/bacillaceae.html) with different physiological features. Many of these genera accommodate thermophilic or thermotolerant endospore-forming species, such as the genera Bacillus (Han et al , 2013; Yang et al , 2013a, b), Caldalkalibacillus (Xue et al , 2006), Geobacillus (Cihan et al , 2011) and Vulcanibacillus (L’Haridon et al , 2006). Members of these genera have been isolated from various warm or hot environments.…”

“…For example, Bacillus thermoantarcticus was isolated from a geothermal soil (Nicolaus et al , 1996), Caldalkalibacillus thermarum was from a hot spring (Xue et al , 2006), Geobacillus thermodenitrificans was from a high temperature well-pipeline sediment sample (Cihan et al , 2011) and Vulcanibacillus modesticaldus was from deep-sea hydrothermal vents (L’Haridon et al , 2006). Compost is also a very important source for isolation of thermophiles, and many thermophilic or thermotolerant species in the family Bacillaceae isolated from compost have been reported (Sung et al , 2002; Yang et al , 2013a, b; Han et al , 2013).…”

“…In our previous studies, we isolated some thermophilic bacteria from a demonstration compost plant in Guangdong Province, China and identified four novel Gram-staining-positive, endospore-forming, facultatively anaerobic species as Bacillus composti (Yang et al , 2013a), Bacillus thermocopriae (Han et al , 2013), Bacillus thermophilus (Yang et al , 2013a) and Bacillus thermotolerans (Yang et al , 2013b). In this paper, we describe two novel moderately thermophilic bacteria, designated strains DX-3 T and GIESS002, which were isolated from different compost samples obtained in the thermophilic and maturation phases of composting, respectively.…”