Bacillus subtilis in broiler diets with different levels of energy and protein

Boroojeni, Farshad Goodarzi; Vahjen, Wilfried; Männer, K.; Blanch, Alfred; Sandvang, Dorthe; Zentek, Jürgen

doi:10.3382/ps/pey265

Cited by 25 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Sequencing of the 16S rRNA genes of the bacterial chromosomes represented in those fractions identified several family and species differences between the treatment groups in the cecal microbiome of the animals at the peak of NE challenge. This is in contrast to a recent study reporting no effect of dietary inclusion of a B. subtilis strain on the cecal microbiome when using 16S sequencing of the microbial genome (Goodarzi Boroojeni et al, 2018). This difference in findings may be due to the study being conducted without an NE challenge or the different B. subtilis strain utilized; however, the difference in methodology may also explain the contrasting results.…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

The impact of Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 on the pathology, performance, and intestinal microbiome of broiler chickens in a necrotic enteritis challenge

et al. 2019

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It was hypothesized that dietary inclusion of Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 could inhibit Clostridium perfringens induced necrotic enteritis (NE), thereby improving broiler performance. Male, d 0 chicks were randomly assigned 14 birds/pen, 11 pens/treatment in 3 treatments: a basal diet (control), a coccidiostat fed control (Narasin), and a direct fed microbial (DFM) B. subtilis DSM 32315 treatment. Necrotic enteritis was induced in all birds by oral inoculation of Eimeria maxima oocysts on d 12 and a virulent C. perfringens on d 16. Mortality was reduced ( P < 0.001) in DFM and Narasin compared to control. DFM reduced ( P < 0.001) feed conversion ratio (FCR) compared to control. Furthermore, DFM and Narasin reduced ( P < 0.001) footpad lesions. The DFM was shown to increase ( P < 0.05) Bacillus spp. and decrease ( P < 0.05) C. perfringens in the ileum and cecum at several time points. To investigate microbiome changes in the cecum, digesta samples were analyzed with % guanine and cytosine (%G+C) microbial profiling which fractionates bacterial chromosomes based on the %G+C in DNA. The method revealed treatment profile peaks in low (27.0 to 34.5%), mid (40.5 to 54.0%), and high (59.0 to 68.0%) G+C fractions. 16S rRNA gene amplification and high throughput sequencing was conducted on each of these fractions in order to elucidate specific bacterial population differences. In the low and mid %G+C fractions, DFM had greater abundance of Lactobacillaceae family members ( P = 0.03 and P = 0.01, respectively) and Lactobacillus salivarius ( P = 0.04 and P = 0.01, respectively) than control or Narasin. Lactobacillus johnsonii was also greater in the low %G+C fraction compared to control and Narasin ( P = 0.01). Lachnospiraceae ( P = 0.04) and Ruminococcaceae ( P < 0.01) in the mid %G+C fraction were reduced in the DFM compared to control. Positive alterations to the microbial populations in the gut of broilers may at least be a partial mechanism by which B. subtilis DSM 32315 reduced pathology and improved performance of broilers in the NE challenge.

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 96%

The impact of Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 on the pathology, performance, and intestinal microbiome of broiler chickens in a necrotic enteritis challenge

et al. 2019

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“…Previous studies indicate that the dietary administration of C. butyricum exerts positive effects on the intestinal morphology in animal models, for example, by increasing the villus height and decreasing the V/C ratio [ 16 , 23 ]. Adding B. subtilis to the standard broiler diets significantly reduced the crypt depth (CD) and increased the villus length-to-CD ratio in the duodenum [ 11 ]. It was also reported that B. subtilis was effective against epithelial apoptosis [ 24 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Gao et al (2012) reported that oral administration of C. butyricum, as a promising probiotic, promoted individual performance [10]. Meanwhile, diets supplemented with the probiotic Bacillus subtilis improved the growth performance and nutrient digestibility in broilers [11]. Diets supplemented with Bacillus licheniformis in feed water and diets with B. licheniformisfermented products induced a remarkable increase in productivity based on bird's body weight (BW), average daily gain (ADG), and feed conversion rate [12,13].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Clostridium butyricum- and Bacillus spp.-Based Potential Probiotics on the Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology, Immune Responses, and Caecal Microbiota in Broilers

Zeng

Yang

et al. 2021

Antibiotics

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We aimed to investigate the effects of Clostridium butyricum-, Bacillus subtilis-, and Bacillus licheniformis-based potential probiotics on the growth performance, intestinal morphology, immune responses, and caecal short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and microbial structure in broiler chickens. Three treatment groups containing a total of 1200 one-day-old AA broilers were included: birds fed with a basal diet only (Con), birds fed with added 1010 probiotics cfu/kg (ProL), and birds fed with added 1011 probiotics cfu/kg (ProH). The dietary probiotics significantly improved the final and average body weights and serum immunoglobulins A, M, and Y. The probiotics also enhanced the ileal morphology and improved the caecal acetate, butyrate, and propionate contents. Furthermore, 16S rRNA sequencing revealed that dietary compound probiotics modulated the caecal microflora composition as follows: (1) all birds shared 2794 observed taxonomic units; (2) treatment groups were well separated in the PCA and PCoA analysis; (3) the relative abundance of Parabacteroides, Ruminococcaceae_UCG-014, Barnesiella, Odoribacter, [Eubacterium_coprostanoligenes_group], [Ruminococcus]_torques_group, and Butyricimonas significantly varied between treatments. The compound probiotics improved the growth performance, serum immune responses, the ratio of ileal villus height to crypt depth, and major caecal SCFAs in broiler chickens. The dietary C. butyricum-, B. subtilis-, and B. licheniformis-based probiotics improved overall broiler health and would benefit the poultry industry.

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“…reduces digesta viscosity and improves nutrient utilization by the degradation of NSPs into mono and oligosaccharides, which is reflected in improved nutrient digestibility of energy in this trial. Furthermore, researchers found that the probiotic effects of B. subtilis were more pronounced in nutrient-deficient broiler diets, resulting in improved energy digestibility (45).…”

Section: Apparent Metabolizable Energy Digestibilitymentioning

confidence: 99%

Xylanase and Direct-Fed Microbials (DFM) Potential for Improvement of Live Performance, Energy Digestibility, and Reduction of Environmental Microbial Load of Broilers

Nusairat

Wang²

2020

Front. Vet. Sci.

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The challenge of identifying alternatives to subtherapeutic levels of antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) in animal feed has led to increased interest in feed additives such as exogenous enzymes and direct-fed microbials (DFM). Six corn soy-based dietary treatments were designed to investigate the effect of high-efficiency xylanase alone, Bacillus spp. probiotics alone, and their combination vs. a commonly used antibiotic growth promoter (bacitracin methylene disalicylate; BMD) on live performance and environmental Clostridium perfringens load of broiler chickens with eight replicate pens per treatment. Diets were as follows: standard diet (positive control; PC); 130 kcal/kg reduced-energy diet (negative control; NC); NC with xylanase (NC + Xy); NC with probiotics (NC + Pro); NC with xylanase and probiotics mix (NC + XyPro); and NC with BMD (NC + BMD). Data were analyzed as one-way ANOVA. At 35 and 42 days, birds fed with NC + XyPro and NC + BMD were heavier (P < 0.05) than birds fed with NC. Improvement in feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P = 0.0001) was observed from 1 to 42 days by ~3 points in both NC + XyPro and NC + BMD compared to NC. The NC + XyPro reduced lesion scores by 66% compared to PC and NC. Litter C. perfringens cell count was reduced by ~16% with supplementation of XyPro or BMD. It can be concluded that a blend of xylanase (10 XU/g feed) and Bacillus spp. [1 × 105 colony forming units (CFU)/g feed] can be used as an alternative to AGP in low-energy broiler diets.

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Bacillus subtilis in broiler diets with different levels of energy and protein

Cited by 25 publications

References 24 publications

The impact of Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 on the pathology, performance, and intestinal microbiome of broiler chickens in a necrotic enteritis challenge

The impact of Bacillus subtilis DSM 32315 on the pathology, performance, and intestinal microbiome of broiler chickens in a necrotic enteritis challenge

Effects of Clostridium butyricum- and Bacillus spp.-Based Potential Probiotics on the Growth Performance, Intestinal Morphology, Immune Responses, and Caecal Microbiota in Broilers

Xylanase and Direct-Fed Microbials (DFM) Potential for Improvement of Live Performance, Energy Digestibility, and Reduction of Environmental Microbial Load of Broilers

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