Bacillus spp.: Attractive Sources of Anti-cancer and Anti-proliferative Biomolecules

Abstract

Cancer treatment remains as an expensive process due to the cost of sophisticated infrastructure development as well as its maintenance with skilled personnel. At the same time, the success rate is not very inspiring since non-specific target oriented medication could cause other health complexities leading to death. Research for alternative therapies aimed at minimizing the side effects of treatments and increasing the survival rates of patients includes routine explorations for anticancer agents from numerous sources (e.g. microbes, plants and nanoparticles). Anticancer activities of several bacterial components especially from Bacillus spp. were reported in many scientific reports. For economic production of these agents, potential strains from this genus could be feasible and sustainable for their long and successful utilization in industries. The review is therefore, focused on describing the available anticancer and anti-proliferative agents reported worldwide from Bacillus spp.

Antibacterial and Anticancer Activity and Untargeted Secondary Metabolite Profiling of Crude Bacterial Endophyte Extracts from Crinum macowanii Baker Leaves

“…Bacillus safensis crude extracts displayed noteworthy activity against A549 lung carcinoma cells with 50% cell reduction at 100 μ g/mL. Crude extracts of Bacillus safensis isolated from sea sponges had anticancer activity against HepG2 (hepatocellular carcinoma), HCT (colon carcinoma), and MCF 7 (breast carcinoma) [ 85 ]. This could explain the observed results, and crude endophyte extracts from Bacillus safensis can be used as an anticancer agent against lung cancer.…”

Complexation of Andrographolide, Mirabegron and Suvorexant and Bioactivity Study of the Complexes

“…The cytotoxic activity of the pure drugs (andrographolide, suvorexant, mirabegron) and drug complexes were quantified by exposure of these drugs to the specific cell lines. The cytotoxic activity of these drugs was examined against HeLa cell (Ferdous, Shishir, Khan, & Hoq, 2018;Vasanthabharathi & Jayalakshmi, 2018;Wu et al, 2017). Higher concentrations (2.5 mg/dose) of each sample of andrographolide, suvorexant, mirabegron and drug complexes were used separately for their cytotoxicity test.…”

In silico Studies of Parasporin Proteins: Structural and Functional Insights and Proposed Cancer Cell Killing Mechanism for Parasporin 5 and 6

“…Ohba, 1996;Michio Ohba & Aizawa, 1986;Roh et al, 1996). Interestingly, the parasporal inclusions proteins from certain non-insecticidal Bt strains had been reported to exert preferential cytocidal activity against human cancer cells and thus making them potential candidates in cancer treatment (Ferdous, Shishir, Khan, & Hoq, 2018;Mizuki et al, 1998Mizuki et al, , 1999Okassov, Nersesyan, Kitada, & Ilin, 2015).…”

“…To date, 19 parasporin proteins are grouped into 6 classes under two main categories i.e. three-domain type protein (PS 1, 3 and 6) and non three-domain type protein (PS 2, 4 and 5) according to the sequence homology as described by the Committee of Parasporin Classification andNomenclature, 2006 (Adang, Crickmore, &Jurat-Fuentes, 2014;Ferdous et al, 2018;S. Okumura et al, 2010).…”

“…PS-4 shares homologies with Cry15Aa, α-toxin, aerolysin, and ε-toxin and a circular dichroism (CD) spectrum of PS-4 contains 51% of β-structure and is a unique cholesterol-independent β-PFT (Shiro Okumura, Saitoh, Ishikawa, Inouye, & Mizuki, 2011). PS-5 and PS-6 are two newly discovered proteins and their mode of action is yet to be described completely (Ekino et al, 2014;Ferdous et al, 2018;Nagamatsu, Okamura, Saitou, Akao, & Mizuki, 2010;Shiro Okumura et al, 2011).…”