Bacillus amyloliquefaciens-secreted cyclic dipeptide – cyclo(l-leucyl-l-prolyl) inhibits biofilm and virulence production in methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus

Abstract

The current study explores the inhibitory efficacy of cyclo(l-leucyl-l-prolyl) (CLP), a cyclic dipeptide from Bacillus amyloliquefaciens on the biofilm and virulence production of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA).

Vanillic acid from Actinidia deliciosa impedes virulence in Serratia marcescens by affecting S-layer, flagellin and fatty acid biosynthesis proteins

“…C. elegans has been used as one of the simple and successful in vivo preclinical models to study the bacterial pathogenesis and screening of bioactive compounds with antibacterial, anti-QS and antibiofilm activities etc 30 . Anti-QS and antibiofilm agents have been already reported to rescue/increase the survival of C. elegans during pathogenic infection 31 , 32 . Hence, in the present study the in vivo anti-QS and antibiofilm activity of vanillic acid against S. marcescens CI, S. marcescens ATCC and S. marcescens MG1 are evaluates using C. elegans .…”

Biofilm inhibitory efficiency of phytol in combination with cefotaxime against nosocomial pathogen Acinetobacter baumannii

“…Consistent with this result, Gowrishankar et al . () observed a significant decrease in the absorbance of polysaccharides, nucleic acids and protein regions in the Staphylococcus aureus and its clinical strains treated with a cyclic dipeptide compound. HI plays an imperative role in microbial adhesion by enhancing hydrophobic interactions between cells and biological or nonbiological surfaces.…”

In VitroandIn VivoBiofilm Characterization of Methicillin-ResistantStaphylococcus aureusfrom Patients Associated with Pharyngitis Infection

“…Cell surface hydrophobicity (CSH) plays a crucial role in the adherence of staphylococci to the host cells [ 17 , 21 ]. Several reports from the recent past have reiterated this fact by observing that while there was a decrease in biofilm formation of S. aureus , similarly there was also a significant decrease in its cell surface charges like hydrophobicity during the treatment of any antibiofilm or sub-MICs of antibiotic agents [ 17 , 22 ]. Here, we have determined the hydrophobic index of 63 MRSA isolates by performing MATH assay using toluene.…”

“…In order to visualize the diverse biofilm architecture (on the basis of biofilm-forming potential through phenotypic and genotypic assays) of the four categorized test pathogens GSA-140, GSA-21, GSA-142, and GSA-54, Confocal Laser Scanning Microscopy (CLSM) (model: LSM 710) (Carl Zeiss, Germany) analysis was employed [ 22 ].…”

“…Images were acquired from random positions of biofilms formed on the glass slides. COMSTAT software (kind gift from Dr. Claus Sternberg, DTU Systems Biology, Technical University of Denmark) was used for further analysis of the obtained CLSM images (biofilm stack), in which three different parameters such as an average and maximum thickness ( μ m) of the biofilms and the biovolume ( μ m 3 ), which is the volume of bacteria per μ m 2 of glass surface used, were analysed [ 22 ].…”