Bacillary layer detachment in a patient with serpiginoid choroiditis

Bacillary layer detachment with malignant choroidal tumors: a case series

“…Studies on BALAD detection have majorly focused on its prognostic implications in macular neovascularization (reported incidence range, 4.5 − 7.4%) [ 2 – 5 , 17 ] and inflammatory choroidal pathologies such as Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease (reported incidence, 94.9%) [ 6 , 18 ]. Case reports or small case series have also described BALAD with other inflammatory ocular pathologies as acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy [ 13 , 19 , 20 ] and serpiginous-like choroidopathy associated with tuberculosis [ 12 , 21 ], infiltrative ones such as unilateral diffuse uveal melanocytic proliferation [ 15 ] and choroidal metastasis [ 14 ], degenerative lesions as macular telangiectasia that was associated with acute leakage and hemorrhage [ 22 ], and blunt eye trauma (reported incidence, 8% [ 7 ]). The incidence of BALAD with most of these pathologies is less recognized owing to the lack of structured analyses.…”

Bacillary Layer Detachment in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration: Case Series

“…It is characterized by a splitting of the photoreceptor layer at the myoid level, resulting in a space posterior to the external limiting membrane (ELM). Several authors have reported BALAD in various ophthalmic conditions as well as ocular trauma, multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy, pachychoroid syndrome, tubercular choroidal granuloma, acute idiopathic maculopathy, type 2 macular telangiectasia, Vogt–Koyanagi–Harada disease, choroidal metastasis, osteoma, and age-related macular degeneration (AMD) [ 1 , 2 , 3 , 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 , 20 ]. The exact BALAD physiopathology is unknown.…”

Prevalence of bacillary layer detachment in diabetic macular edema and response to 3 anti-vascular endothelial growth factor treatment

“…BALAD has been reported in various studies over the years, encompassing several case reports, case series, and retrospective studies spanning a spectrum of diseases, including toxoplasmosis chorioretinitis, [11] Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease, [12] neovascular macular degeneration, [13] acute idiopathic maculopathy, [14] central serious chorioretinopathy, [15] serpiginoid choroiditis, [16] blunt eye trauma with choroidal rupture, [17] posterior scleritis, [18] intraocular tuberculosis, [19] acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy, [20] fungal endophthalmitis, [21] sympathetic ophthalmia, [22] and also DME. [23] In this retrospective study, we included treatment-naïve DME patients who received 3 monthly anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) injections and used SD-OCT to determine the prevalence and response to anti-VEGF treatment in eyes with DME either simultaneously presenting with or without BALAD.…”

“…BALAD has been reported in various studies over the years, encompassing several case reports, case series, and retrospective studies spanning a spectrum of diseases, including toxoplasmosis chorioretinitis, [ 11 ] Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada disease, [ 12 ] neovascular macular degeneration, [ 13 ] acute idiopathic maculopathy, [ 14 ] central serious chorioretinopathy, [ 15 ] serpiginoid choroiditis, [ 16 ] blunt eye trauma with choroidal rupture, [ 17 ] posterior scleritis, [ 18 ] intraocular tuberculosis, [ 19 ] acute posterior multifocal placoid pigment epitheliopathy, [ 20 ] fungal endophthalmitis, [ 21 ] sympathetic ophthalmia, [ 22 ] and also DME. [ 23 ]…”