Baccharis dracunculifolia and Dalbergia ecastophyllum, Main Plant Sources for Bioactive Properties in Green and Red Brazilian Propolis

Abstract

Nowadays, propolis is used as a highly valuable product in alternative medicine for improving health or treating a large spectrum of pathologies, an ingredient in pharmaceutical products, and also as a food additive. Different vegetal materials are collected by honeybees and mixed with wax and other own substances in order to obtain the final product, called propolis. It is known as the bee product with the widest chemical composition due to the raw material collected by the bees. Different types are known worldwide: green Brazilian propolis (having Baccharis dracunculifolia as the major plant source), red Brazilian propolis (from Dalbergia ecastophyllum), European propolis (Populus nigra L.), Russian propolis (Betula verrucosa Ehrh), Cuban and Venezuelan red propolis (Clusia spp.), etc. An impressive number of scientific papers already demonstrate the pharmacological potential of different types of propolis, the most important activities being the antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antitumor, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant activities. However, the bioactive compounds responsible for each activity have not been fully elucidated. This review aims to collect important data about the chemical composition and bioactive properties of the vegetal sources and to compare with the chemical composition of respective propolis types, in order to determine the connection between the floral source and the propolis properties.

In Vitro Activity of Propolis on Oral Microorganisms and Biofilms

“…Three different EEPs were included. The source of European propolis is mainly poplar, whereas the red Brazilian propolis originates from Dalbergia ecastophyllum , and the green Brazilian propolis is produced of resins from Baccharis dracunculifolia [ 21 ]. In the present study, the chemical analysis shows an equal profile for both Brazilian propolis, whereas there was a difference to the European propolis.…”

The Metabolite Profile in Culture Supernatant of Aster yomena Callus and Its Anti-Photoaging Effect in Skin Cells Exposed to UVB

“…In summary, AYC-CS-E contained secondary phenolic metabolites, including 1 isoflavonoid (Robustic acid) and 1 flavonoid (3,5-Di-O-methyl-8-prenylafzelechin-4beta-ol). These metabolites have been reported as interesting alternative sources for pharmaceutical and medicinal applications [ 65 , 66 ]. However, the anti-photoaging effects of robustic acid and 3,5-Di-O-methyl-8-prenylafzelechin-4beta-ol found in this study remain unknown.…”

Geographic Area of Collection Determines the Chemical Composition and Antimicrobial Potential of Three Extracts of Chilean Propolis

“…Anthocyanidins were described as being found in natural sources, but not in propolis. In addition, phenolic acids and anthocyanidins were related to antioxidant properties [ 25 , 26 ].…”

“…Parallel studies in Brazilian propolis showed phenylated derivatives of p-coumaric acids, artepillin C, different caffeoylquinic acids and lower amounts of flavonoids, as the main groups. Individual phenolics identified were different from poplar-type propolis; they included, for instance: p-coumaric acids, phenylated cinnamic acids, ferulic acids and CAPE [ 12 , 25 ].…”