Baby-Led Weaning: What Role Does It Play in Obesity Risk during the First Years? A Systematic Review

Martinón-Torres, Nazareth; Carreira, Nathalie; Picáns-Leis, Rosaura; Pérez-Ferreirós, Alexandra; Kalén, Antón; Leis, Rosaura

doi:10.3390/nu13031009

Cited by 25 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“… 38 39 It has been hypothesised that BLW may improve the infant’s appetite control and lead to higher levels of satiety-responsiveness. 39 This hypothesis is supported also by our findings, with an increase in BMI z score and a 43% greater likelihood of overweight in children who underwent traditional weaning.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

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National, longitudinal NASCITA birth cohort study: prevalence of overweight at 12 months of age in children born healthy

Clavenna

Morabito

Cartabia

et al. 2023

bmjpo

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ObjectiveTo estimate the prevalence of overweight at 12 months in an Italian birth cohort and to identify factors related to an increased likelihood of being overweight.MethodsThe Italian NASCITA birth cohort was analysed. Infants were classified as underweight (<5th), normal weight (5–84th) and overweight (≥85th centile) at 12 months of age according to the WHO percentiles of body mass index (BMI) and the prevalence of overweight was estimated. To test the association between the chance of being overweight and parental and newborn characteristics, and infant feeding, healthy newborns (no preterm/low birth weight and with no malformations), with appropriate-for-gestational-age birth weight were selected, and univariate and multivariate analyses were performed.ResultsThe prevalence of overweight was 23.5% (95% CI 22.2% to 24.8%) in all cohort members with 12-month data (N=4270), and 23.1% in the appropriate-for-gestational age subsample (N=2835).A big infant appetite (OR 3.92, 95% CI 2.40 to 6.40) and living in southern Italy (OR 1.58, 95% CI 1.29 to 1.94) were the main variables associated with a greater likelihood of being overweight. Breastfeeding practice did not influence the chance of being overweight, but was associated with an increase (exclusive breast feeding for at least 6 months) or a decrease (breast feeding for at least 12 months) in BMI z score at 12 months.ConclusionsThe sociodemographic factors (eg, area of residence, maternal employment status) seem to be the most relevant determinants influencing the chance of being overweight at 12 months. Early interventions, with particular attention to vulnerable families, may be helpful in preventing childhood and adult obesity.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 84%

“…Despite the fact that evidence is not conclusive, available data suggest that BLW may be associated with a lower BMI 38 39. It has been hypothesised that BLW may improve the infant’s appetite control and lead to higher levels of satiety-responsiveness 39.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

National, longitudinal NASCITA birth cohort study: prevalence of overweight at 12 months of age in children born healthy

Clavenna

Morabito

Cartabia

et al. 2023

bmjpo

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“…[34] Despite the fact that evidence is not conclusive, available data suggest that baby-led weaning may be associated with a lower BMI. [37,38] It has been hypothesized that baby-led weaning may improve the infant's appetite control and lead to higher levels of satiety-responsiveness. [38] This hypothesis is supported also by findings from the NASCITA birth cohort, with a 27% greater likelihood of overweight in children who underwent traditional weaning.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The national, longitudinal NASCITA birth cohort study: prevalence of overweight or obesity at 12 months of age in children born healthy

Clavenna

Morabito

Cartabia

et al. 2022

Preprint

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Objective. To estimate the prevalence of overweight/obesity at 12 months in an Italian birth cohort and to identify factors related to an increased likelihood of being overweight. Methods The Italian NASCITA birth cohort was analysed. Infants were classified as underweight (<5th), normal weight (5th-85th), and overweight (>85th centile) at 12 months of age according to the World Health Organization percentiles of body mass index and the prevalence of overweight/obesity was estimated. To test the association between the chance of being overweight/obese and parental and newborn characteristics, and infant feeding, healthy newborns (no preterm/low birth weight, and with no malformations), with appropriate-for-gestational-age birth weight were selected, and univariate and multivariate analyses were performed Results The prevalence of overweight was 23.5% (95%CI 22.2-24.8) in the 4,270 neonates followed during their first year of life, and 23.7% (631/2749) in healthy newborns with a birth weight that was appropriate for gestational age. A big infant appetite (Odds Ratio 4.39, 95%CI: 2.73-7.07), living in southern Italy (OR 1.64, 95%CI: 1.35-2.00) and maternal age <30 years (OR 1.39, 95%CI: 1.05-1.83) were the main variables associated with a greater likelihood of being overweight/obese. Exclusive breastfeeding for at least 6 months did not influence the chance of being overweight. Conclusions The sociodemographic factors (e.g. area of residence, age) seem to be the most relevant determinants influencing the chance of being overweight. In order to prevent childhood and adult obesity, early interventions should be set up or improved, with particular attention to vulnerable families.

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“…Two SRs have been included [10,35], which include both observational studies on BLW and randomized trials based on the BLISS model.…”

Section: Can the Blw/bliss Methods During Cf Influence Either Positiv...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Complementary Feeding Caregivers’ Practices and Growth, Risk of Overweight/Obesity, and Other Non-Communicable Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Bergamini¹,

Simeone

Verga

et al. 2022

Nutrients

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Several institutions propose responsive feeding (RF) as the caregivers’ relational standard when nurturing a child, from breast/formula feeding onwards. Previous systematic reviews (SRs) on caregivers’ feeding practices (CFPs) have included studies on populations from countries with different cultures, rates of malnutrition, and incomes, whereas this SR compares different CFPs only in healthy children (4–24 months) from industrialized countries. Clinical questions were about the influence of different CFPs on several important outcomes, namely growth, overweight/obesity, risk of choking, dental caries, type 2 diabetes (DM2), and hypertension. The literature review does not support any Baby Led Weaning’s or Baby-Led Introduction to SolidS’ (BLISS) positive influence on children’s weight–length gain, nor their preventive effect on future overweight/obesity. RF-CFPs can result in adequate weight gain and a lower incidence of overweight/obesity during the first two years of life, whereas restrictive styles and coercive styles, two kinds of non-RF in CF, can have a negative effect, favoring excess weight and lower weight, respectively. Choking risk: failure to supervise a child’s meals by an adult represents the most important risk factor; no cause–effect relation between BLW/BLISS/RF/NRCF and choking could be found. Risks of DM2, hypertension, and caries: different CFPs cannot be considered as a risky or preventive factor for developing these conditions later in life.

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Baby-Led Weaning: What Role Does It Play in Obesity Risk during the First Years? A Systematic Review

Cited by 25 publications

References 37 publications

National, longitudinal NASCITA birth cohort study: prevalence of overweight at 12 months of age in children born healthy

National, longitudinal NASCITA birth cohort study: prevalence of overweight at 12 months of age in children born healthy

The national, longitudinal NASCITA birth cohort study: prevalence of overweight or obesity at 12 months of age in children born healthy

Complementary Feeding Caregivers’ Practices and Growth, Risk of Overweight/Obesity, and Other Non-Communicable Diseases: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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