Baby‐Friendly Community Initiative—From national guidelines to implementation: A multisectoral platform for improving infant and young child feeding practices and integrated health services

Kavle, Justine A.; Ahoya, Brenda; Kiige, Laura; Mwando, Rael; Olwenyi, Florence; Straubinger, Sarah; Gathi, Constance M.

doi:10.1111/mcn.12747

Cited by 43 publications

(53 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Immediate exclusive breastfeeding has a positive and powerful effect on the probability of child survival. This result is consistent with those found by other authors [23][24][25].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Breastfeeding and child survival from 0 to 5 years in Côte d'Ivoire

Yapo

2020

J Health Popul Nutr

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Background: One of the main objectives of health policy-makers is to promote children's growth, development, and survival. The current research evaluates the impact of breastfeeding on infant survival and highlights the major socioeconomic determinants of child survival from 0 to 5 years old in Côte d'Ivoire. Methods: This study uses Probit estimation to evaluate the impact of the type of breastfeeding on the survival of children aged from 0 to 5 years old. The main socioeconomic determinants of child survival were identified and analyzed. The sample of the study covers 7776 children under 5 years old drawn from the Côte d'Ivoire Demographic Health Surveys and the Multiple Indicators cluster survey of 2012. Results: A child is more likely to survive when immediate exclusive breastfeeding was practiced for up to 6 months. The probability of survival increases significantly when the mother lives in a healthy environment, when she has at least a primary school education, and when she plays a leading role in caring for the children. Likewise, when she better controls the market of some breast milk supplement and she chooses the best milk formula to complete feeding for her baby, the child's chances of survival increase significantly. Conclusion: Health policy-makers must strengthen programs to promote exclusive breastfeeding up to 6 months through social campaigns. It should also strengthen the capacity of health workers (midwives, nurses, doctors, etc.) to better guide and provide training to mothers and young women about childbearing age to allow them to practice exclusive breastfeeding for up to 6 months. It is only after 6 months that they have to complete infant feeding by providing some semi-solid food rich in vitamins, proteins, and minerals. Taking into account the time constraint when they are engaged in economic activity, they must choose the best formula milk to supplement breastfeeding. It is also important to educate women to improve hygiene in their housing, in their neighborhood and in their community in order to promote the welfare and health of their children.

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“…Immediate exclusive breastfeeding has a positive and powerful effect on the probability of child survival. This result is consistent with those found by other authors [23][24][25].…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 94%

Breastfeeding and child survival from 0 to 5 years in Côte d'Ivoire

Yapo

2020

J Health Popul Nutr

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“…Cooking demonstrations carried out through mother‐to‐mother support groups in all 53 MCSP supported Baby‐Friendly Community Initiative (BFCI) communities, which gave mothers an understanding of the seven food groups and how to prepare and feed locally available healthy meals and snacks for their young children ( n = 20 in Kisumu and 33 in Migori counties). BFCI, a high impact nutrition intervention for Kenya, is an extension of the 10th step of the Ten Steps of Successful Breastfeeding and provides support for both breastfeeding and complementary feeding at the community level (Kavle et al, ). Cooking demonstrations carried out through these support groups provided practical guidance for mothers on how to prepare and modify foods, such as mashing, dicing, grating, and shredding foods according to feeding recommendations based on age (see Table ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, BFCI implementation enabled routine monitoring of complementary feeding indicators on a monthly basis at community and sub‐county levels by community health volunteers. Through BFCI, two indicators were tracked: proportion of children 6–8 months introduced to solid and semi‐solid foods and the proportion of children 6 months–1 year of age receiving animal‐source/iron‐rich foods in the last 24 hr (Kavle et al, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“… Empower communities to produce and use local foods through strengthened agriculture–nutrition linkages (Muehlhoff et al, ). This builds on concerted efforts to improve complementary feeding, through community and backyard gardens, cooking demonstrations, and reinforcement of key hygiene behaviours as part of BFCI (Kavle et al, ). Address any cultural beliefs and taboos through context specific counselling on consumption of animal source, protein‐rich foods, as evidence that providing young children with meat/flesh foods, eggs, and dairy products is particularly influential in the prevention of stunting (Chandrasekhar, Aguayo, Krishna, & Nair, ; Krasevec et al, ; White et al, ). Using the national guide for complementary feeding adapt these complementary feeding recipes to other parts of the country, according to local cultural context, and available foods (Daelmans et al, ; Kenya Ministry of Health, ). These recipes should continue to be delivered via cooking demonstrations and further expansion of BFCI to all community units, which is essential to improving complementary feeding at scale (Maingi, Kimiywe, & Iron‐Segev, ). Monitor complementary feeding indicators systematically through BFCI via the routine health information systems (i.e., District Health Information Software 2, to ensure complementary feeding data are available at all levels, at facility, and community level (Jefferds, ; Kavle et al, ) utilize tools/software to analyse progress made in complementary feeding indicators on a routine (i.e., quarterly/biannual) basis (Daelmans et al, ; Untoro et al, ). Roll‐out of point‐of‐use fortification of local complementary foods with micronutrient powders, as per Kenya National Guidelines (Kenya Ministry of Health, ), is recommended to be part of IYCF counselling and malaria programming to strengthen integrated efforts to address iron deficiency and anaemia (Begin & Aguayo, 2017; Siekmans, Bégin, Situma, & Kupka, ; WHO, ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Accelerating progress for complementary feeding in Kenya: Key government actions and the way forward

Ahoya¹,

Kavle

Straubinger

et al. 2019

Maternal & Child Nutrition

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Optimal complementary feeding practices, a critical component of infant and young child feeding, has been demonstrated to prevent micronutrient deficiencies, stunting, overweight, and obesity. In Kenya, while impressive gains have been made in exclusive breastfeeding, progress in complementary feeding has been slow, and the country has failed to meet targets. Recent 2014 Kenya Demographic and Health Survey reveal that only 22% of Kenyan children, 6–23 months, met criteria for a minimum acceptable diet. This case study describes key actions for complementary feeding put in place by the Kenya Ministry of Health as well as approaches for improving and monitoring complementary feeding within existing health platforms. Experience from USAID's Maternal and Child Survival Program and Ministry of Health on development of 23 complementary feeding recipes through application of a national guide for recipe development and Trials of Improved Practices is described. Challenges in how to prepare, modify, and cook foods, including meat, for young children 6–23 months of age was relayed by mothers. Addressing cultural beliefs around complementary feeding meant providing reassurance to mothers that young children are developmentally able to digest fruit and vegetables and ready to consume animal‐source protein. Through the Baby Friendly Community Initiative platform, cooking demonstrations and key hygiene actions were integrated with complementary feeding messages. Future programming for complementary feeding should consider development of context specific counselling messages on consumption of animal source foods, strengthen production and use of local foods through agriculture‐nutrition linkages, and include complementary indicators through routine health monitoring systems to track progress.

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“…Along this line, many Countries, including Italy, have implemented the Baby-Friendly Community Initiative (BFCI), which is considered as an expansion and integration of the BFHI [8][9][10]. The global standards for the BFCI require the implementation of 7 Steps [9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

From Dyad To Triad: A Survey On Fathers’ Knowledge And Attitudes Toward Breastfeeding

Crippa

Consales

Morniroli

et al. 2020

Preprint

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Background Maternal social support has a critical impact on breastfeeding outcomes. Fathers, in particular, are known to be especially influential. We aimed to explore paternal knowledge and attitude toward breastfeeding, and possible association with breastfeeding rates at discharge, in a cohort of fathers from an Italian tertiary referral center for neonatal care.Methods In this cross-sectional study, we enrolled fathers of healthy term neonates born at our hospital from March to May 2019. At discharge, a self-administered structured questionnaire was proposed to fathers. Fathers were required to rate their degree of agreement to 12 items on a 5-point Likert scale. A total score was obtained from their answers. A higher score was indicative of a greater knowledge/positive attitude toward breastfeeding. Subjects’ basic characteristics and mode of feeding at discharge were collected.Results Fathers showed a generally solid knowledge of maternal (87%) and neonatal (98%) benefits of breastfeeding, skin-to-skin (99.5%), rooming-in (79%), and responsive feeding (67.5%); conversely, only 51% knew about the recommended use of pacifiers. Fathers felt personally involved in their babies' feeding in 79% of cases, regardless of the type of feeding. A positive association was found between total score and exclusive breastfeeding rates at discharge (p = 0.04, OR 1.07; 95% C.I 1.002-1.152). Conclusions This study underlines the importance of including fathers in the promotion of breastfeeding, expanding the classic mother-baby dyad to a more modern mother-father-baby triad. This aspect may ultimately impact breastfeeding outcomes, although further studies are needed to confirm our results.

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Baby‐Friendly Community Initiative—From national guidelines to implementation: A multisectoral platform for improving infant and young child feeding practices and integrated health services

Cited by 43 publications

References 25 publications

Breastfeeding and child survival from 0 to 5 years in Côte d'Ivoire

Breastfeeding and child survival from 0 to 5 years in Côte d'Ivoire

Accelerating progress for complementary feeding in Kenya: Key government actions and the way forward

From Dyad To Triad: A Survey On Fathers’ Knowledge And Attitudes Toward Breastfeeding

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