Production of Taxol fromPhyllosticta spinarum, an endophytic fungus ofCupressus sp.

Kumaran, Rangarajulu Senthil; Muthumary, J.; Hur, Byung‐Ki

doi:10.1002/elsc.200800019

Cited by 74 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Interestingly, paclitaxel or taxol, a chemotherapeutic diterpenoid natural compound, was first extracted from the bark of trees that belong to the genus Taxus. This compound was produced by several endophytic fungi in the genera Alternaria, Aspergillus, Beauveria, Cladosporium, Chaetomella, Fusarium, Guignadia, Monochaetia, Nodulisporium, Pestlotia, Pestalotiopsis, Pithomyces, Penicillium, Phomopsis, Phyllostica, Sporormia, Taxomyces, Trichoderma, Trichothecium, Tubercularia, and Xylaria [61][62][63][64][65][66][67][68][69]. More than sixty endophytic fungal strains have been identified as paclitaxel producers [70,71].…”

Section: Hiv-1 Protease Inhibitors Isolated From Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Bioactive Compounds from Fungi as Potential Candidates for Protease Inhibitors and Immunomodulators to Apply for Coronaviruses

et al. 2020

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The inhibition of viral protease is an important target in antiviral drug discovery and development. To date, protease inhibitor drugs, especially HIV-1 protease inhibitors, have been available for human clinical use in the treatment of coronaviruses. However, these drugs can have adverse side effects and they can become ineffective due to eventual drug resistance. Thus, the search for natural bioactive compounds that were obtained from bio-resources that exert inhibitory capabilities against HIV-1 protease activity is of great interest. Fungi are a source of natural bioactive compounds that offer therapeutic potential in the prevention of viral diseases and for the improvement of human immunomodulation. Here, we made a brief review of the current findings on fungi as producers of protease inhibitors and studies on the relevant candidate fungal bioactive compounds that can offer immunomodulatory activities as potential therapeutic agents of coronaviruses in the future.

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Section: Hiv-1 Protease Inhibitors Isolated From Fungimentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural Bioactive Compounds from Fungi as Potential Candidates for Protease Inhibitors and Immunomodulators to Apply for Coronaviruses

et al. 2020

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“…Later on, the compound was reported from endophytes inhabiting a wide range of plant species, including other gymnosperms (e.g. Sentil Kumaran et al 2008) and even aquatic and tropical angiospermous medicinal plants (Gangadevi and Muthumary, 2008;Pandi et al 2011). Even without having a closer look at the analytical methodology used in the respective studies, these reports appear rather suspicious because, taken together, they would suggest that taxol was a primary metabolite.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A re-assessment of Taxomyces andreanae, the alleged taxol-producing fungus, using comparative genomics

et al. 2022

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The monotypic “bulbilliferous hyphomycete” genus Taxomyces was erected in 1993 for a fungal endophyte isolated from the Yew tree Taxus brevifolia and named Taxomyces andreanae. This fungus was reported to produce the plant-derived anti-cancer drug taxol. The original description of the fungus was not conclusive as to its taxonomic position because no sporulation or other salient morphological features were reported. Consequently, the taxonomic affinities of this fungus have remained obscure. However, a full genome sequence of this strain was generated by a German research group in 2013, in an unsuccessful attempt to detect the biosynthesis genes encoding for taxol. This prompted us to search for phylogenetic marker genes and compare those with the data that recently have become available from state-of-the-art polyphasic taxonomic studies. Surprisingly, the strain turned out to belong to the phlebioid clade of wood-destroying Basidiomycota as inferred from a comparison of its partial ITS, the 28S rDNA (LSU), the RNA polymerase II largest subunit (rpb1), the RNA polymerase II second largest subunit (rpb2), and the translation elongation factor 1-α (tef1) sequences. A multi gene genealogy based on these loci revealed that the closest relative is Ceriporiopsis (syn. Mycoacia) gilvescens. Even though such wood-destroying Basidiomycota are regularly encountered among the endophytic isolates after surface-disinfection of plant organs, the vast majority of the reported endophytic fungi belong to the Ascomycota. Nevertheless, the data available now allow for synonymizing Taxomyces with Ceriporiopsis, and the necessary new combination is made.

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“…In a simple nutrient media this fungus was found to produce approximately 382.2 μgL -1 of taxol, much higher than that reported for the endophytic fungus, Taxomyces andreanae in PDB [ 2 ]. This isolate capable of producing a considerable amount of taxol in a simple PDB media is expected to produce more if grown in M1D media supplemented with elicitors [ 47 , 48 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An endophytic Basidiomycete, Grammothele lineata, isolated from Corchorus olitorius, produces paclitaxel that shows cytotoxicity

et al. 2017

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Grammothele lineata, an endophyte isolated in our laboratory from jute (Corchorus olitorius acc. 2015) was found to be a substantial paclitaxel producer. Taxol and its related compounds, produced by this endophyte were extracted by growing the fungus in simple nutrient media (potato dextrose broth, PDB). Taxol was identified and characterized by different analytical techniques (TLC, HPLC, FTIR, LC-ESI-MS/MS) following its extraction by ethyl acetate. In PDB media, this fungus was found to produce 382.2 μgL-1 of taxol which is about 7.6 x103 fold higher than the first reported endophytic fungi, Taxomyces andreanae. The extracted taxol exhibited cytotoxic activity in an in vitro culture of HeLa cancer cell line. The fungal extract also exhibited antifungal and antibacterial activities against different pathogenic strains. This is the first report of a jute endophytic fungus harboring the capacity to produce taxol and also the first reported taxol producing species that belongs to the Basidiomycota phylum, so far unknown to be a taxol producer. These findings suggest that the fungal endophyte, Grammothele lineata can be an excellent source of taxol and can also serve as a potential species for chemical and genetic engineering to enhance further the production of taxol.

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Production of Taxol fromPhyllosticta spinarum, an endophytic fungus ofCupressus sp.

Cited by 74 publications

References 19 publications

Natural Bioactive Compounds from Fungi as Potential Candidates for Protease Inhibitors and Immunomodulators to Apply for Coronaviruses

Natural Bioactive Compounds from Fungi as Potential Candidates for Protease Inhibitors and Immunomodulators to Apply for Coronaviruses

A re-assessment of Taxomyces andreanae, the alleged taxol-producing fungus, using comparative genomics

An endophytic Basidiomycete, Grammothele lineata, isolated from Corchorus olitorius, produces paclitaxel that shows cytotoxicity

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