B. Paludis: A new species of pathogenic anærobic bacterium

Abstract

In each instance the material consisted of muscular tissue which was forwarded to the laboratory in sterile containers.Given below, for each case, are the descriptions of the lesions in the sheep as tabulated by the owner ; the appearance of the specimen when received at the laboratory, together with the particulars of microscopical examinations of smears made from the muscle ; the preliminary cultural findings ; and the results of guinea -pig inoculations.Specimen No. 14. This consisted of a portion of muscle, dull red in colour, soft, and friable. Particulars of the post -mortem examination were not received. Smears showed numerous moderately large, stout, stumpy bacilli with bluntly rounded ends ; no spores were seen ; the bacilli were Gram -positive.Cultures showed that aerobic contaminating bacteria were present, and pure cultures of B. paludis were not obtained by direct cultural means. A guinea -pig inoculated subcutaneously with 0.1 c.c. of a mixed broth culture died, and from its heart blood B. paludis was isolated.Specimen No. 29. The owner reported that the subcutaneous tissue, the muscular tissue, and the stomach and intestines were affected. When the muscle was received it was deep red in colour, and obviously diseased. Smears showed an apparently pure and rich culture of nonsporulating bacilli similar to those seen in smears from Specimen No. 14. B. paludis was recovered in pure culture from the muscle ; no other bacteria were encountered. 0.1 c.c. of a broth culture inoculated subcutaneously killed a guinea -pig in less than 24 hours, and the same bacillus was recovered from the animal's heart blood.Specimen No. 32. This portion of muscle was received at the laboratory two days after the animal's death. The report stated that the subcutaneous tissue, the muscular tissue, the stomach, the intestines, and the lungs were affected. The appearance of the muscle and the microscopical and cultural examinations were the same as those reported for Specimen No. 29, and 0.1 c.c. of broth culture inoculated subcutaneously proved lethal for a guinea -pig.Specimen No. 33.The muscle was received at the laboratory two days after the animal's death. The owner reported that he had not seen the sheep from which the specimen came, but his shepherd had said that no obviously diseased areas were seen in the carcase. Unfortunately, records of the appearance of the specimen when it was received at the laboratory were not kept. Cultures revealed aerobic contaminating bacteria, and B. paludis was not recovered by direct cultural means, but the bacillus was isolated from the heart blood of a guinea -pig inoculated with 1 c.c. of a saline emulsion of the muscular tissue and found dead on the morning following inoculation.Specimen No. 34. This specimen was received four days after the animal's death. The owner reported that the subcutaneous tissues, the muscular tissues, the stomach, the intestines, and the lungs were all affected. When the portion GENERAL ARTICLES.3 of muscle was received, it was dark red in colour, ...

The ecology and epidemiology of the pig-bel syndrome in man in New Guinea

“…Strains from other groups, producing different toxins, cause enterotoxaemic diseases in animals, each type having a limited host range. Thus type B is associated chiefly with lamb dysentery (Dalling, 1928), type C with enterotoxaemias of sheep, calves and piglets (McEwen, 1930;Griner & Bracken, 1953;Field & Gibson, 1955), type D with pulpy kidney disease of sheep (Bennetts, 1932), and type E is occasionally found as a saprophyte in the intestines of calves (Bosworth, 1940-43).…”

Verificação da toxigenicidade de cepas de Clostridium perfringens isoladas de material de origem bovina e sua tipificação pelo ensaio imunoenzimático e eletroforese corada para esterase

“…Os demais tipos de C. perfringens estão, predominantemente, relacionados ao trato intestinal de animais e a presença destes no solo ocorre pela contaminação fecal (WILLIS, 1969;SMITH, 1975 (McEWEN, 1931 ). A antitoxina de C. perfringens não neutralizava as toxinas produzidas por estas cepas e anti-soros preparados contra elas não neutralizavam o efeito patogênico das culturas de C. perfringens, levando-o a crer que se tratava de outra espécie bacteriana, à qual denominou Bacillus pa/udis (McEWEN, 1930).…”

Comparação do perfil eletroforético (esterase) de cepas de Clostridium perfringens de origem bovina e aviária

“…Bacillus aerogenes capsulatus (WELCH e NUTTALL 1892); C. welchii (MIGULA 1900 apud CATO e col. 1986); Bacillus agni (DALLING 1928apud WILSDON 1931; Bacillus paludis (McEWEN 1930); Bacillus ovitoxicus (BENNEITS 1932);…”

“…Foi isolado por McEWEN (1930), produz as toxinas a e 13 (WILSDON 1931(WILSDON , 1932WALKER 1990) (WILSDON 1931(WILSDON , 1932.…”