<b><i>Current Topics in Corrosion:</i></b>Factors Influencing Stress Corrosion Crack Growth Kinetics

Parkins, R. N.

doi:10.5006/1.3583125

Cited by 122 publications

(60 citation statements)

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“…The superposition model acknowledges the significance of cyclic loading by compounding a cyclic growth parameter with the contribution of crack growth under monotonic loading. The crack tip strain rate model has been successfully applied to several corrosion systems [10,11] under monotonic loading; this is a model in which the crack growth is a synergistic balance between the oxidation of metal-forming passivating films and the film fracture by plastic strain at the crack tip. For the cracking of pipeline steels in near-neutral pH soil environments, the crack tip strain rate has been correlated solely with the growth rate obtained under cyclic loading.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crack Growth Behavior of Pipeline Steel in Near-Neutral pH Soil Environments

Chen

Sutherby

2007

Metall Mater Trans A

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This article reports the crack growth behavior of X-65 pipeline steel in near-neutral pH environments. Although it is often referred to as stress corrosion cracking (SCC), the crack growth behavior of pipeline steels in near-neutral pH environments has been found to be consistent with that of true corrosion fatigue, and the crack growth rate da/dN can be correlated with DK 2 K max f 0:1 . This correlation enables the determination of threshold DK 2 K max f 0:1 values that demarcate the boundary between active growth and dormancy. Crack tip blunting was observed when a loading condition gave a DK 2 K max f 0:1 value below the threshold. The threshold is found to be environmentally sensitive, and possibly also material dependent, but the details are yet to be determined.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Crack Growth Behavior of Pipeline Steel in Near-Neutral pH Soil Environments

Chen

Sutherby

2007

Metall Mater Trans A

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“…Once the three critical factors for SCC were met, cracking likely initiated and propagated until failure, according to the stages of SCC as proposed by Parkins, Figure 10 [18,19]. During stage 1 the conditions for SCC have not been met yet or are in development.…”

Section: Development Of Failure Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Figure 10. Summary of the stages of SCC propagation presented as crack velocity vs. time after Parkins and Combrade [18,19]. Schematic diagrams of the typical surface appearance during SCC propagation are shown above stages 2-4.…”

Section: Acknowledgmentsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Transgranular stress corrosion cracking of 304L stainless steel pipe clamps in direct use geothermal water heating applications

Hurley

Olson

Ward

et al. 2013

Engineering Failure Analysis

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Direct use geothermal heating relies on heat extracted from naturally occurring geothermal water sources to provide heating needs for commercial and residential use. The city of Boise, Idaho maintains the largest district geothermal heating system in the United States, utilizing a source of geothermal water at 80°C. 304 Stainless steel (UNS S30400) pipe clamps are used throughout the system as repair seals and for new service connections. Occasionally unexpected fracture of the stainless steel clamps occurs with time-in-service periods as short as 1 year. A failure analysis was conducted, including visual, microstructural, compositional, and mechanical characterization, to determine the cause and source of the degradation. Cracking of the clamps was limited to localized regions with the remainder of the clamp unaffected. Branched, brittle cracks were observed in the failure region and exhibited transgranular propagation. Based on the temperature, available moisture, stress level, and type of material used it was determined that the likely cause of failure was neutral pH, dilute chloride-induced stress corrosion cracking. Based on this failure analysis, geothermal or other buried heated water systems must consider protective measures or more SCC-resistant materials to prevent susceptible conditions from developing, compared to conventional water systems, to ensure maximum lifetime performance.Keywords: stainless steel; stress corrosion cracking; transgranular; geothermal; chloride. This is an author-produced, peer-reviewed version of this article. The final, definitive version of this document can be found online at Engineering Failure Analysis, published by Elsevier. Copyright restrictions may apply.

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“…Results in corrosion that develops on pipe line surface. Moreover, insufficient coating performance also contributes to stress corrosion cracking (SSC) that develops due to stress generation and form cracks on the surface [1]. Life cycle of SSC is shown in Figure 1 in three stages.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thermal Analysis of Oil Pipeline Coatings

M¹

2017

RDMS

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The research paper focuses on oil pipe lines used in desert region of Oman that is exposed to very high ambient temperature affects the coating properties resulted in brittleness in coatings. The impact of high ambient temperature is analyzed through heat transfer rate and thermal stress. Two coatings are considered, commercially available fusion bonded epoxy (FBE) coating and experimentally developed electroless nickel phosphorous (EN-P) composite alloy coating. Simulation is done under three ambient conditions, morning at 308K, mid-day at 328K and evening when temperature was around 313K along with crude oil temperature of 343K. Thermal analysis demonstrates that at high ambient temperature EN-P composite alloy coating has low heat transfer rate as compared to FBE coating and its thermal efficiency was around 96% against uncoated pipe and around 69.4% less as compared to FBE coating. The lower the heat flow, the more effective the insulation and it improves the stability of the coating. On the other hand, as the heat flow increases, the insulation is more pronounce to thermal expansion due to high thermal stress behavior. In this scenario, EN-P composite alloy coating is more sensitive as compare to FBE coatings and thus it becomes more pronounce towards stress corrosion cracking (SSC). The impact of thermal stress has significant effect on structural strength and stability, potentially causing cracks or breaks within certain components. Such failures compromise the overall design of the structure, which can lead to possible weakening and deformation at high ambient temperature.

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Current Topics in Corrosion:Factors Influencing Stress Corrosion Crack Growth Kinetics

Cited by 122 publications

References 0 publications

Crack Growth Behavior of Pipeline Steel in Near-Neutral pH Soil Environments

Crack Growth Behavior of Pipeline Steel in Near-Neutral pH Soil Environments

Transgranular stress corrosion cracking of 304L stainless steel pipe clamps in direct use geothermal water heating applications

Thermal Analysis of Oil Pipeline Coatings

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