B-GPS: Blockchain-Based Global Positioning System for Improved Data Integrity and Reliability

Abstract

When surveying national reference points using a global positioning system (GPS), appropriate work regulations pertaining to the surveying time must be observed. However, such data can be modified easily, so identifying non-compliance with work regulations and forgeries is challenging. If such incidents occur in cadastral surveys, it may result in financial damages to stakeholders, such as citizens and the state. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the reliability by ensuring the integrity of the GPS positioning data and allowing anyone to track them. In this study, a prototype system was developed to record GPS data and the corrections generated during survey processes using the Ethereum blockchain network. Blockchain is a distributed ledger system that prevents the manipulation of uploaded data without the need for a centralized institution by allowing anyone to check the data. Unlike in the past, the proposed system improves the data integrity and reliability for the entire survey process through blockchain, thereby ensuring transparency of the checks using smart contract addresses.

Integrity Authentication Based on Blockchain and Perceptual Hash for Remote-Sensing Imagery

“…The advent of blockchain technology has established a novel trust paradigm characterized by the non-tamperability of data, transparency of information, decentralized collective maintenance, and traceability. These attributes provide a fresh approach to data integrity authentication and information security management [18]. It stores data in a distributed manner, eliminating the vulnerabilities of centralized storage and offering resistance to single points of failure.…”