Effects of Various Densities of Green Foxtail(Setaria Viridis(L.) Beauv.) and Lamb'S-Quarters(Chenopodium AlbumL.) on Nitrogen Uptake and Yields of Corn

Sibuga, K. P.; Bandeen, J. D.

doi:10.1080/00128325.1980.11663050

Cited by 9 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…(1953) also found this weed was high in potassium content. Sibuga and Bandeen (1980) showed high accumulation of N in C. album . In this study both the N and P content of C. album was high, the P concentration being especially high when it competed with barley.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Growth response of six weed species and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) to increasing levels of nitrogen and phosphorus

Andreasen¹,

Litz²,

Streibig³

2006

Weed Research

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A glasshouse experiment was carried out to investigate the influence of increasing levels of nitrogen and phosphorus on the growth of six common weed species growing alone or in competition with spring barley (Hordeum vulgare). Capsella bursa-pastoris, Chenopodium album, Papaver rhoeas, Sinapis arvensis, Spergula arvensis, Viola arvensis and spring barley were grown in pots with different levels of nitrogen (0, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 kg N ha )1 ) or phosphorus (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 60 kg P ha )1 ). The aboveground parts of the plants were harvested after 7 weeks and the dry weight of shoots, percentage N and P content of the shoot and uptake of N and P were determined. A linear or a polynomial model was used to describe the data. Growing alone, Spergula arvensis was the only weed species that increased its dry weight at the same rate as barley. Weed species with low dry weight increase had larger increases in percentage N or P content than barley, indicating a luxury accumulation of nutrients. The uptake of N and P per pot did not differ much between weeds and barley. V. arvensis and P. rhoeas accumulated least nutrients (per cent of dry matter) and Spergula arvensis accumulated most. Weeds grew poorly in competition with barley. The percentage N and P content in barley did not change when they grew in competition with weeds.a ¼ Slope of the line or second constant in the polynomial model (Y ¼ l + aX + bX 2 ). àb ¼ constant in the polynomial model (Y ¼ l + aX + bX 2 ).Weed growth response to increasing N and P levels 505

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 94%

Growth response of six weed species and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) to increasing levels of nitrogen and phosphorus

Andreasen¹,

Litz²,

Streibig³

2006

Weed Research

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“…Nutrients may promote growth of weeds (Sindel and Michael 1992;Teyker et al 1991) as well as crops (Everaarts 1992). The ability of weeds to efficiently use and assimilate minerals can lead to interference with crops (Blackshaw et al 2004;DiTomaso 1995;Sibuga and Bandeen 1980). The ensuing competition favoring weeds in most scenarios results from vigorous weed seedlings and is a detriment to crop yields (Dhima and Eleftherohorinos 2001).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of cover crops and fertilizer rates for weed management in celery

et al. 2006

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Field studies were carried out in Laingsburg, MI, from 2002 to 2004 on Houghton muck soil to assess the impacts of cover crops and soil fertility regimes on weed populations and celery yield. The cover crops were oilseed radish, cereal rye, hairy vetch, and a bare ground control. The fertility rates were full (180, 90, and 450 kg ha−1nitrogen [N], phosphorus pentoxide [P2O5], and potassium oxide [K2O], respectively), half (90, 45, and 225 kg ha−1N, P2O5, and K2O, respectively), and low (90 kg ha−1N). Each cover crop treatment was combined with the low or half rate of fertilizer. An additional treatment with bare ground plus the full rate of fertilizer was added as standard practice. Treatments were maintained in the same location for the duration of the study. Major weed species were common chickweed, prostrate pigweed, shepherd's-purse, common purslane, and yellow nutsedge. Each year, oilseed radish consistently produced the greatest biomass and provided over 98% early season weed biomass suppression. Hairy vetch and cereal rye provided about 70% weed suppression in early spring. Soil fertility level affected weed populations during the 2004 growing season. In 2004, weed biomass in treatments without cover crops or with vetch increased when greater amounts of fertilizer were applied. Within individual fertility levels, higher celery yields were recorded in the oilseed radish plots. For example, in the low fertility rate, celery yield was 34.8, 29.2, 23.9, and 24.4 ton ha−1in the oilseed radish, cereal rye, hairy vetch, and control plots, respectively in 2003. Overall, the results of this experiment indicate that when included in a system where hoeing and hand-weeding are the only weed control methods, cover crops can successfully improve weed management and celery yield on muck soils, allowing reduced fertilizer inputs.

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“…Contrasting outcomes regarding the effects of N supply and corn-weed competition have been presented in the literature. In a greenhouse study, Teyker et al (1991) reported greater N uptake for redroot pigweed (Amaranthus retroflexus L.) than corn when the addition of N was elevated, suggesting that redroot pigweed interference in corn may be greater at higher levels of N. Others also have postulated that weeds may be more competitive when fertility is en-hanced with N addition because of the superior uptake efficiency of many weed species (Di Tomaso 1995; Sibuga and Bandeen 1980). However, evidence also suggests a positive effect of N fertilization on corn competitive ability under field conditions.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of nitrogen and duration of weed interference on corn growth and development

et al. 2003

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An improved understanding of the effects of nitrogen (N) on crop-weed interactions is needed for the development of integrated weed management systems where responsible use of N fertilizers is considered. Field experiments conducted in 1999 and 2000 at two locations in eastern Nebraska quantify the effects of N and increasing duration of weed interference on corn growth and development. A naturally occurring population of weeds was allowed to compete with the corn crop for increasing lengths of time and at three rates of N application (0, 60, and 120 kg N ha Ϫ1). Weed interference and withholding applied N increased the time to 50% silking by an average of 3.9 and 2.9 d, respectively. Regardless of treatments, relative growth rates of corn leaf area and biomass were maximized between the V1 and V2 growth stages of corn and increased linearly with N rate but were affected to a lesser extent by weed presence. The improvement in early season corn growth with addition of N resulted in greater leaf area, biomass, and height, which improved the competitive ability of corn against weeds. Reductions in maximum corn leaf area and height due to weed interference usually began earlier and were more extensive at reduced rates of N. Partitioning of biomass to reproductive structures increased with N during reproductive stages, likely contributing to greater harvest indices at the end of the season. Results from this study indicate that the effects of N fertilization on early-season crop growth provided a competitive advantage for corn relative to weeds, thereby increasing the length of time that weeds could compete with a crop before removal was required, but further research is needed to identify mechanisms regarding improved crop tolerance to weeds.

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Effects of Various Densities of Green Foxtail(Setaria Viridis(L.) Beauv.) and Lamb'S-Quarters(Chenopodium AlbumL.) on Nitrogen Uptake and Yields of Corn

Cited by 9 publications

References 13 publications

Growth response of six weed species and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) to increasing levels of nitrogen and phosphorus

Growth response of six weed species and spring barley (Hordeum vulgare) to increasing levels of nitrogen and phosphorus

Integration of cover crops and fertilizer rates for weed management in celery

Influence of nitrogen and duration of weed interference on corn growth and development

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