<b>DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF FUNCTION‐RELATED ANTIGENS ON NEWBORN AND ADULT MONOCYTE SUBPOPULATIONS</b>

Murphy, Fionnuala; Reen, Denis J.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2567.1996.d01-788.x

Cited by 25 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…There is differential expression of function related antigens on CBMC and adult PBMC (30), and it has been reported that the reduction of CD4 ϩ expression is related to the immaturity of neonatal monocytes (28). Our results showed that the percentage of CD4 ϩ cells among the CD14 ϩ population in CBMC was significantly lower than that in adult PBMC.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 42%

Changes of CD14 and CD1a Expression in Response to IL-4 and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Are Different in Cord Blood and Adult Blood Monocytes

Liu

Law

et al. 2001

Pediatr Res

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Neonates are relatively immature in their immune response; thus, to further clarify the differences of monocyte function and differentiation between neonates and adults, we investigated their CD14 ϩ CD4 ϩ and CD14 ϩ CD16 ϩ monocyte subpopulations, production of IL-1␤ and tumor necrosis factor-␣ induced by lipopolysaccharide, and their CD14 and CD1a phenotypic changes in response to IL-4 and granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Our results showed that 1) the expression of CD14 in cord blood monocytes was significantly lower than that in adult peripheral blood monocytes; 2) both the percentages of CD14 ϩ CD4 ϩ cells and CD14 ϩ CD16 ϩ cells among CD14 ϩ monocytes were also significantly lower in cord blood; 3) after stimulation by lipopolysaccharide for 72 h, production of both IL-1␤ and tumor necrosis factor-␣ was lower in cord blood than that in adult peripheral blood; and 4) in response to IL-4 or GM-CSF, the phenotype development of CD14 and CD1a in cord blood and adult peripheral blood was different. Downregulation of CD14 expression in response to IL-4 and GM-CSF was slower in cord blood monocytes than that in adult peripheral blood monocytes. After 9 d of culture in the presence of IL-4 and GM-CSF, the percentage of CD1a ϩ monocytes was significantly more increased in cord blood than that in adult peripheral blood. The reduced expression of CD14 and other mature phenotype markers such as CD16 and CD4 as well as the reduced IL-1␤ and tumor necrosis factor-␣ production may contribute to the impaired immune response of neonates. Slower down-regulation of CD14 by IL-4 and GM-CSF suggests that differential properties of cord blood monocytes in response to cellular stress signals take a longer time than those of adult peripheral blood monocytes. The monocyte plays an important role in host immunity. CD14, a glycoprotein of 55 kD present on most monocytes and tissue macrophages, is regarded as the most important myeloid differentiation antigen (1, 2). Functionally, CD14 acts as a receptor for the complex of LPS and LPS-binding protein (3), and mediates the response to LPS, such as the LPS-induced production of the cytokines TNF-␣, 4). The apoptosis of monocytes is associated with the down-regulation of CD14 expression (5), and CD14 is also a major receptor on phagocytes, which are involved in uptake of apoptotic cells (6). The expression of CD14 on PBMC is increased by LPS (7, 8) and decreased by IL-4 and GM-CSF (9 -11). In vitro, with CD14 down-regulation in response to IL-4 and GM-CSF, CD14ϩ monocytes can differentiate into cells displaying features of immature DC, which express CD1a (12).The heterogeneity of human PBMC in terms of size, function, and antigen expression has been reported (13,14). About 10% of the CD14 ϩ monocytes in peripheral blood express CD16, which is an Fc␥3 receptor (14, 15). The CD14 ϩ CD16 ϩ population represents more-mature monocytes and has higher antigen-presenting ability but lower phagocytic activity (16). Another antigen, CD4, is also expressed on a subpopulation of mon...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 42%

Changes of CD14 and CD1a Expression in Response to IL-4 and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Are Different in Cord Blood and Adult Blood Monocytes

Liu

Law

et al. 2001

Pediatr Res

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“…However, normal levels of CD62L in fetuses were depicted by Smith et al (21), and both positive and negative correlation of soluble CD62L with gestational age were described by Rebuck et al (31) and Buhrer et al (35). Several other groups reported lower expression of CD62L on granulocytes and monocytes in term and preterm infants than in adults (19,20,36,37). The differences observed between researchers may be due to differences in setup of assays, i.e.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Differential Maturation of the Innate Immune Response in Human Fetuses

et al. 2004

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Newborns and especially preterm infants show a unique susceptibility to severe bacterial infections that cause significant morbidity and mortality. As very few data are available on innate immune functions in human fetuses, we conducted a comprehensive study to investigate the expression of several adhesion molecules essentially involved in migration (CD11a, CD11b, CD11c, CD18, and CD62L). Furthermore, phagocytic activity, generation of respiratory burst products, and production of several proinflammatory cytokines were assessed. Various functions of the fetal innate immune system were demonstrated to be essentially different from those observed in term neonates or adults. Expression of several surface markers was significantly diminished on fetal granulocytes. Furthermore, a significantly reduced phagocytic activity of fetal granulocytes and monocytes was found, contrasted by an enhanced generation of reactive oxygen products. In addition, we demonstrate that significant numbers of fetal monocytes are capable of the production of proinflammatory cytokines in response to stimulation. However, the pattern of cytokine production is different from the more mature individuals: the number of IL-6 -and tumor necrosis factor-␣-positive monocytes were significantly diminished, whereas more IL-8 -producing monocytes were found compared with adults. The results of our study add significantly to our understanding of the maturation and impairment of the innate immune response. Neonates, especially preterm infants, are prone to severe and overwhelming bacterial infection with substantial morbidity and mortality. Despite intensive supportive care and early use of antibiotics, the rate of morbidity and mortality caused by infections remains high (1). Although multiple factors contribute to this susceptibility, the immaturity of the innate immune system, especially production of phagocytes and several phagocyte functions (e.g. chemotaxis, phagocytosis, respiratory burst, cytokine production) are of paramount importance (2,3). Evidence of this is provided by the pattern of infections closely resembling that seen in profound neutropenia (4). Depleted neutrophil storage pools and neutropenia were described to be associated with neonatal sepsis and are negative predictors of outcome (5,6). Several qualitative deficiencies of phagocyte function were demonstrated earlier in preterm infants and stressed or septic neonates. The functional deficiencies comprised migration, phagocytosis, and bactericidal potency, for example, release of bactericidal/permeabilityincreasing protein (7-15). However, normal or even enhanced spontaneous neutrophil respiratory burst activity in term and preterm neonates was reported in other studies (16,17). In contrast, little is known to date about the phagocytic and oxidative capacity as well as the adhesion molecule expression of fetal neutrophils and monocytes. The expression of several adhesion molecules essentially involved in migration was reported to be significantly impaired in neonates and to contri...

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“…Low HLA-DR expression on neonatal monocytes compared with that on adults may contributes to impaired neonatal host-defense [31,32]. The low levels of HLA-DR ϩ monocytes in very-preterm neonates indicate that this group of infants may have a greater susceptibility to bacterial infections, since they are unable to respond to LPS due to an incomplete antigen-presenting function [33,34].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impairment of stimulation ability of very-preterm neonatal monocytes in response to lipopolysaccharide

et al. 2010

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DIFFERENTIAL EXPRESSION OF FUNCTION‐RELATED ANTIGENS ON NEWBORN AND ADULT MONOCYTE SUBPOPULATIONS

Cited by 25 publications

References 23 publications

Changes of CD14 and CD1a Expression in Response to IL-4 and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Are Different in Cord Blood and Adult Blood Monocytes

Changes of CD14 and CD1a Expression in Response to IL-4 and Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor Are Different in Cord Blood and Adult Blood Monocytes

Differential Maturation of the Innate Immune Response in Human Fetuses

Impairment of stimulation ability of very-preterm neonatal monocytes in response to lipopolysaccharide

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