B cell mitogenic activity of <i>Toxocara canis</i> adult worm antigen

Wang, Mei Qi; Jiang, Hong Jie; Inoue, Hiroko; Myozaki, Mitsuru; Yamashita, Uki

doi:10.1111/j.1365-3024.1995.tb01006.x

Cited by 8 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…In a previous study, we reported that T. canis antigen had B cell stimulating activity in vitro (6). Then, we studied the effect of T. canis antigen on the cytokine production by normal macrophages and compared this with that of LPS.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We have studied the immune functions of T. canis ‐infected mice and found that B cells and macrophages are nonspecifically activated, but T cell functions such as proliferation and interleukin (IL)‐2 production are depressed in vivo (5). T. canis antigens polyclonaly activate B cells to proliferate and produce Ig in vitro (6). We studied macrophage function in T. canis ‐infected mice from the standpoint of cytokine production.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Suppression of macrophage interleukin‐12 and tumour necrosis factor‐α production in mice infected with Toxocara canis

Kuroda

Yoshida

Shan

et al. 2001

Parasite Immunology

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Toxocara canis induces a predominantly Th2 type response with enhanced amounts of interleukin (IL)-4 and reduced amounts of interferon (IFN)-gamma in infected mice. In this study, we investigated the macrophage function of T. canis-infected mice from the standpoint of cytokine production. C3H/HeN mice were infected with T. canis by oral administration of embryonated eggs. Ten days after infection, macrophages were obtained from spleen and peritoneal cavity, were cultured with lipopolysaccharide, and cytokines in the culture supernatant were evaluated with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Macrophages from T. canis-infected mice produced IL-1 and IL-6 equivalent to macrophages from normal mice. The production of IL-10 and tumour growth factor (TGF)-beta was enhanced, but IL-12 and tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha production was diminished. The addition of IFN-gamma, anti-IL-10 antibody, anti-TGF-beta antibody or indomethacin did not restore the production of IL-12 and TNF-alpha by macrophages from T. canis-infected mice. Furthermore, the stimulation of normal macrophages with T. canis antigen in vitro induced IL-1alpha, IL-6, IL-10 and TGF-beta, but not IL-12 and TNF-alpha. These results indicate that cytokine producing pattern of macrophages is altered by T. canis-infection, and this altered macrophage function may play an important role in the modification of the immune response to T. canis.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Suppression of macrophage interleukin‐12 and tumour necrosis factor‐α production in mice infected with Toxocara canis

Kuroda

Yoshida

Shan

et al. 2001

Parasite Immunology

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“…These results indicate that IL-4 is essentially re- (14,48). Soluble crude extracts from A. suum, the nematode Toxocara canis, and the cestode Taenia solium possess B-cell mitogenic activity (30,47,53). We found that rDiAg has the ability to proliferate splenic B cells as effectively as LPS, suggesting that rDiAg may also act as a mitogen to B cells.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 67%

“…It has been shown that B cells are polyclonally stimulated in hosts infected with some helminths (14,43,48). Furthermore, soluble crude extracts from several helminths can polyclonally stimulate B cells (30,47,53). These observations raise the hypothesis that nonspecific IgE production seen during helminth infections is attributed to polyclonal activation of B cells in response to worm products.…”

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confidence: 97%

RecombinantDirofilaria immitisPolyprotein That Stimulates Murine B Cells To Produce Nonspecific Polyclonal Immunoglobulin E Antibody

et al. 2002

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Nonspecific immunoglobulin E (IgE) production is an event characteristically observed in parasitic helminth infections, but its mechanisms are still unclear. To define these mechanisms, we prepared a recombinant Dirofilaria immitis protein (rDiAg) and assessed its effect on nonspecific IgE production. rDiAg preferentially induced nonspecific IgE production, without eliciting specific IgE production, as well as a Th2-type cytokine profile (

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“…Indeed, although D. immitis secretes large quantities of DiAg, the molecule is not detected by serum from hosts infected naturally with the worm (1,31), suggesting that the filarial molecule mimics a host molecule. Some parasitic nematodes possess B-cell mitogenlike molecules (14,20,37) and selective inducers of IL-10 (15,36). Polyclonal activation (including nonspecific IgE synthesis) and anti-inflammatory cytokine production (e.g., IL-10) may be associated with an immunosuppression in terms of the prevention of specific responses (21,29,30).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Various Types ofDirofilaria immitisPolyproteins Selectively Induce a Th2-Type Immune Response

et al. 2003

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Dirofilaria immitis polyproteins (DiAgs) are found as 15-kDa monomeric and 30-kDa dimeric forms in exceretory-secretory products of the adult worm. We evaluated the ability of various types of recombinant DiAg (rDiAg; V1 and V2 as monomers and V1V2, V2V1, V1V1, and V2V2 as dimers) to influence Th1/Th2 immune responses. V1-, V1Vx-and V2-, V2Vx-driven nonspecific immunoglobulin E (IgE) production peaked at 21 and 14 days after administration, respectively. Dimer-induced IgE response was an interesting biphasic pattern with the second peaks on days 35 (V2Vx) or 42 (V1Vx). Absolute amounts of nonspecific IgE production induced with monomers were larger than those observed with dimers at the first peak. The magnitude of cell expansion and interleukin-10 (IL-10) production in mesenteric lymph node (MLN) B-cell induced with rDiAgs was linked to the levels of the first IgE peak in vivo and IgE produced by rDiAg plus IL-4-stimulated B cells in vitro. All rDiAgs failed to augment IgG2c production. V2 and V2Vx elicited IL-4 production by MLN cells more rapidly than V1 and V1Vx. The inhibitory effect of rDiAg on gamma interferon (IFN-␥) production was stronger in monomers than in dimers. Neutralization of IL-10 restored IFN-␥ production, whereas the expression of IL-4 and IgE was partly prevented by depletion of IL-10. These results indicate that monomer rather than dimer is an efficient form of DiAg and suggest that the difference of IgE-inducing capacity among these DiAgs is closely associated with the pattern of both B-cell activation and IL-4 production.

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B cell mitogenic activity of Toxocara canis adult worm antigen

Cited by 8 publications

References 9 publications

Suppression of macrophage interleukin‐12 and tumour necrosis factor‐α production in mice infected with Toxocara canis

Suppression of macrophage interleukin‐12 and tumour necrosis factor‐α production in mice infected with Toxocara canis

RecombinantDirofilaria immitisPolyprotein That Stimulates Murine B Cells To Produce Nonspecific Polyclonal Immunoglobulin E Antibody

Various Types ofDirofilaria immitisPolyproteins Selectively Induce a Th2-Type Immune Response

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