B cell memory following infection and challenge of channel catfish with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis

Findly, R. C.; Zhao, Xiguang; Noe, Jane; Camus, Alvin C.; Dickerson, Harry W.

doi:10.1016/j.dci.2012.08.007

Cited by 44 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 48 publications

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“…Results obtained in several models indicate that serum Ag-specific antibodies are not detectable 1–2 years after exposition and that Ag-specific plasma cells are not any more visualized by ELISPOT in head kidney if no challenge is performed. This has been observed in channel catfish infected with the ciliate Ichthyophthirius multifiliis (Findly et al 2013) and in rainbow trout immunized with an expression plasmid for the G of IHNV (Kurath et al 2006) or with Streptococcus iniae bacterin (Costa et al 2012). Taken together, these data may suggest that IgM + memory B cells, not long-lived plasma cells, likely are responsible for the long-term protective immunity in teleosts.…”

Section: Selected Distinctive Features Of Fish Immune Repertoiresmentioning

confidence: 88%

Unique Features of Fish Immune Repertoires: Particularities of Adaptive Immunity Within the Largest Group of Vertebrates

Magadán

Sunyer

Boudinot

2015

Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation

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Fishes (i.e., teleost fishes) are the largest group of vertebrates. Although their immune system is based on the fundamental receptors, pathways, and cell types found in all groups of vertebrates, fishes show a diversity of particular features that challenge some classical concepts of immunology. In this chapter, we discuss the particularities of fish immune repertoires from a comparative perspective. We examine how allelic exclusion can be achieved when multiple Ig loci are present, how isotypic diversity and functional specificity impact clonal complexity, how loss of the MHC class II molecules affects the cooperation between T and B cells, and how deep sequencing technologies bring new insights about somatic hypermutation in the absence of germinal centers. The unique coexistence of two distinct B-cell lineages respectively specialized in systemic and mucosal responses is also discussed. Finally, we try to show that the diverse adaptations of immune repertoires in teleosts can help in understanding how somatic adaptive mechanisms of immunity evolved in parallel in different lineages across vertebrates.

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Section: Selected Distinctive Features Of Fish Immune Repertoiresmentioning

confidence: 88%

Unique Features of Fish Immune Repertoires: Particularities of Adaptive Immunity Within the Largest Group of Vertebrates

Magadán

Sunyer

Boudinot

2015

Results and Problems in Cell Differentiation

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“…Thus far, the only reported pathogen- or antigen-specific antibody responses in the gill pertain to the IgM class. In the catfish, Ich-specific IgM responses have clearly been shown 30 47 . Interestingly catfish is a teleost species that appears to lack IgT.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucosal immunoglobulins at respiratory surfaces mark an ancient association that predates the emergence of tetrapods

et al. 2016

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Gas-exchange structures are critical for acquiring oxygen, but they also represent portals for pathogen entry. Local mucosal immunoglobulin responses against pathogens in specialized respiratory organs have only been described in tetrapods. Since fish gills are considered a mucosal surface, we hypothesized that a dedicated mucosal immunoglobulin response would be generated within its mucosa on microbial exposure. Supporting this hypothesis, here we demonstrate that following pathogen exposure, IgT+ B cells proliferate and generate pathogen-specific IgT within the gills of fish, thus providing the first example of locally induced immunoglobulin in the mucosa of a cold-blooded species. Moreover, we demonstrate that gill microbiota is predominantly coated with IgT, thus providing previously unappreciated evidence that the microbiota present at a respiratory surface of a vertebrate is recognized by a mucosal immunoglobulin. Our findings indicate that respiratory surfaces and mucosal immunoglobulins are part of an ancient association that predates the emergence of tetrapods.

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“…IgM is the most common immunoglobulin in serum and mucus and the key player in systemic immune responses, whereas IgT is the main responder in mucosal surfaces ( 31 ). However, in some fish species, such as the channel catfish, IgT is not present, and IgM is the main responder in both compartments which seem to be integrated ( 32 – 34 ). Igs play a major role in adaptive immunity by recognizing the pathogen and helping with its destruction through various processes, such as complement activation and phagocytosis.…”

Section: B-lymphocytes and Mucosal Immunity In Teleostmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fact that antibody response in fish shows poor anamnestic properties, meaning that antibody affinity increases marginally, compared to the logarithmic increases observed in mammals ( 40 ); also that very few studies about clonal expansion in teleost have been published; and finally that fish adaptive response is slower than in mammals and specific titers are not normally detected in fish until the third or fourth week after immunization ( 35 ), lead some authors to consider the idea of innate memory more feasible than adaptive memory in secondary response in teleost ( 41 , 42 ). Nevertheless, affinity maturation in teleost B cells exists ( 43 ), as well as clonal expansion ( 44 ), and teleost are protected thanks to memory responses for several years post immunization ( 34 ), thus suggesting that both memories coexist in teleost fish and both contribute to fish protection against pathogens.…”

Section: B-lymphocytes and Mucosal Immunity In Teleostmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mucosal Immunity and B Cells in Teleosts: Effect of Vaccination and Stress

2015

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Fish are subjected to several insults from the environment, which may endanger animal survival. Mucosal surfaces are the first line of defense against these threats, acting as a physical barrier to protect the animal but also functioning as an active immune tissue. Thus, four mucosal-associated lymphoid tissues (MALTs), which lead the immune responses in gut, skin, gills, and nose, have been described in fish. Humoral and cellular immunity, as well as their regulation and the factors that influence the response in these mucosal lymphoid tissues, are still not well known in most fish species. Mucosal B-lymphocytes and immunoglobulins (Igs) are key players in the immune response that takes place in those MALTs. The existence of IgT as a mucosal specialized Ig gives us the opportunity of measuring specific responses after infection or vaccination, a fact that was not possible until recently in most fish species. The vaccination process is influenced by several factors, being stress one of the main stimuli determining the success of the vaccine. Thus, one of the major goals in a vaccination process is to avoid possible situations of stress, which might interfere with fish immune performance. However, interaction between immune and neuroendocrine systems at mucosal tissues is still unknown. In this review, we will summarize the latest findings about B-lymphocytes and Igs in mucosal immunity and the effect of stress and vaccination on B-cell response at mucosal sites. It is important to point out that a limited number of studies have been published regarding stress in mucosa and very few about the influence of stress over mucosal B-lymphocytes.

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B cell memory following infection and challenge of channel catfish with Ichthyophthirius multifiliis

Cited by 44 publications

References 48 publications

Unique Features of Fish Immune Repertoires: Particularities of Adaptive Immunity Within the Largest Group of Vertebrates

Unique Features of Fish Immune Repertoires: Particularities of Adaptive Immunity Within the Largest Group of Vertebrates

Mucosal immunoglobulins at respiratory surfaces mark an ancient association that predates the emergence of tetrapods

Mucosal Immunity and B Cells in Teleosts: Effect of Vaccination and Stress

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