B Cell Dysfunction Associated With Aging and Autoimmune Diseases

Ma, Shumei; Wang, Chengwei; Mao, Xinru; Hao, Yi

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2019.00318

Cited by 130 publications

(132 citation statements)

References 57 publications

(96 reference statements)

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“…B lymphocytes produce different types of antibodies for eliminating of challengers. Additionally, B lymphocytes have an important role in the immune system through the presentation of antigens and secretion of cytokines [103]. B lymphocytes arising from hematopoietic stem cells in the bone marrow as pro-B lymphocytes.…”

Section: Aging and Immune-senescencementioning

confidence: 99%

The possible pathophysiology mechanism of cytokine storm in elderly adults with COVID-19 infection: the contribution of “inflame-aging”

et al. 2020

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Purpose Novel Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), is an acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), which is emerged in Wuhan, and recently become worldwide pandemic. Strangely, ample evidences have been shown that the severity of COVID-19 infections varies widely from children (asymptomatic), adults (mild infection), as well as elderly adults (deadly critical). It has proven that COVID-19 infection in some elderly critical adults leads to a cytokine storm, which is characterized by severe systemic elevation of several pro-inflammatory cytokines. Then, a cytokine storm can induce edematous, ARDS, pneumonia, as well as multiple organ failure in aged patients. It is far from clear till now why cytokine storm induces in only COVID-19 elderly patients, and not in young patients. However, it seems that aging is associated with mild elevated levels of local and systemic pro-inflammatory cytokines, which is characterized by "inflamm-aging". It is highly likely that "inflamm-aging" is correlated to increased risk of a cytokine storm in some critical elderly patients with COVID-19 infection. Methods A systematic search in the literature was performed in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, as well as Google Scholar pre-print database using all available MeSH terms for COVID-19, Coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2, senescent cell, cytokine storm, inflame-aging, ACE2 receptor, autophagy, and Vitamin D. Electronic database searches combined and duplicates were removed. Results The aim of the present review was to summarize experimental data and clinical observations that linked the pathophysiology mechanisms of "inflamm-aging", mild-grade inflammation, and cytokine storm in some elderly adults with severe COVID-19 infection.

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Section: Aging and Immune-senescencementioning

confidence: 99%

The possible pathophysiology mechanism of cytokine storm in elderly adults with COVID-19 infection: the contribution of “inflame-aging”

et al. 2020

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“…This Review focuses on clones of myeloid cells that increase with ageing and how these clones contribute to atherosclerosis. We do not describe how ageing affects other cells of the immune system, which has been reviewed previously (for example, B cells 20 , T cells 21 , eosinophils or dendritic cells 22 ). In addition, we focus on vascular mitochondrial function and how mitochondrial dysfunction could influence inflammatory pathways within the vasculature.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ageing and atherosclerosis: vascular intrinsic and extrinsic factors and potential role of IL-6

2020

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“…However, no sufficient data exists for the effect of age on the risk of developing SARDs; our study demonstrated that the presence of the leptospiral infection in elderly with SARDs. The mechanism may be due to abnormalities of the host immune response, particularly immune senescence, resulted in many inflammatory responses, increasing susceptibility to infections, and enhancing the production of autoantibodies 33 . Another possible explanation is the expansion of many protective regulatory mechanisms in the elderly (e.g., higher production of peripheral T-regulatory cells), resulting in higher autoimmunity but yet a lower prevalence of autoimmune diseases 34 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A cohort study: The Association Between Autoimmune Disorders and Leptospirosis

Teh

You

et al. 2020

Sci Rep

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& cheng-Yoong pang 6,7,8* there are limited studies on the association between systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) and leptospirosis. Therefore, this study aims to identify the effects of leptospirosis on the risks of developing SARDs with a nationwide retrospective cohort study. Patients with leptospirosis who did not have a diagnosis of SARDs before the index date were enrolled from the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database between 2000 and 2010, as the leptospirosis cohort. For each patient with leptospirosis, one control without a history of leptospirosis and SARDs was randomly selected (non-leptospirosis cohort). Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to analyze the risk of SARDs according to sex, age, and comorbidities. Among the 23 million people in the cohort, 3,393 patients with leptospirosis (68.91% men, mean age 52.65 years) and 33,930 controls were followed for 18,778 and 232,999 person-years, respectively. The incidence of SARDs was higher in the leptospirosis cohort than in the non-leptospirosis cohort (1.38 vs 0.33 per 1000 person-years), with a hazard ratio (HR) of 4.42 (95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.82-6.92). The risk of developing SARDs was highest for leptospirosis patients aged ≥65 years (HR = 2.81% CI = 1.07-7.36) compared with patients aged ≤39 years. Patients with leptospirosis have a 4.42-fold higher risk of SARDs than that in the general population. Further research is warranted to investigate the mechanism underlying this association. Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease caused by pathogenic spirochetes, genus Leptospira. Leptospirosis can be found globally, with a higher incidence in tropical and subtropical regions 1. The pathogen can enter the host through wounds in the skin, the conjunctiva, and mucous membranes. By direct contact with the body fluids from the infected domestic and sylvatic animals, humans may also be infected. Once infected, patients can either be asymptomatic or manifested as an acute febrile illness, with fever, chills, arthralgia, headache, and severe myalgia. Occasionally, it can cause severe disease leading to multiorgan dysfunction and even death 2. The nonspecific initial presentation and lack of a reliable point-of-care screening test make this disease a diagnostic challenge 3,4. Autoimmune diseases are conditions that are triggered by the immune system initiating an attack on self-molecules due to the worsening of immunologic tolerance to auto-reactive immune cells 5. Both environmental and genetic are significant contributors to the pathogenesis of autoimmune diseases 6. Autoimmune diseases can either be systemic, organ-specific or localized to specific tissue or region depending on the clinicopathology of each condition. Systemic autoimmune rheumatic diseases (SARDs) are a collective term for more than 80 systemic autoimmune diseases, including systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and systemic sclerosis (SS), Sjogren's syndrome, polymyositis, dermatomyositis. Female are inordinately affecte...

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B Cell Dysfunction Associated With Aging and Autoimmune Diseases

Cited by 130 publications

References 57 publications

The possible pathophysiology mechanism of cytokine storm in elderly adults with COVID-19 infection: the contribution of “inflame-aging”

The possible pathophysiology mechanism of cytokine storm in elderly adults with COVID-19 infection: the contribution of “inflame-aging”

Ageing and atherosclerosis: vascular intrinsic and extrinsic factors and potential role of IL-6

A cohort study: The Association Between Autoimmune Disorders and Leptospirosis

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