B 221, a medical food containing antisecretory factor reduces child diarrhoea: a placebo controlled trial

Zaman, Shakila; Mannan, Javaria; Lange, Stefan; Lönnroth, Ivar; Hanson, L Å

doi:10.1111/j.1651-2227.2007.00488.x

Cited by 24 publications

(32 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The study, which lasted 3 d, involved 240 children from 6 to 24 months; every 5 h they were randomly given 2 g of B 221 or placebo (regular egg yolk powder), dissolved in rehydration solution. In children suffering from acute diarrhoea (less than 7 d of diarrhoea illness), the AF administration improved frequency and consistency of the stools, the clinical outcome after 3 d was positive for 83 % of the children fed B 221, while the response to placebo was positive in only 54 % of children (12) . In children with prolonged diarrhoea, B 221 treatment resulted in a 91 % successful clinical outcome, compared with the placebo group which only had a 63 % success rate (12) .…”

Section: Antisecretory Factor and Endocrine Diarrhoeamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In children suffering from acute diarrhoea (less than 7 d of diarrhoea illness), the AF administration improved frequency and consistency of the stools, the clinical outcome after 3 d was positive for 83 % of the children fed B 221, while the response to placebo was positive in only 54 % of children (12) . In children with prolonged diarrhoea, B 221 treatment resulted in a 91 % successful clinical outcome, compared with the placebo group which only had a 63 % success rate (12) . As demonstrated by Zaman et al (12) , B 221 counteracted diarrhoea of different aetiologies, since it was unlikely that the children involved in the study were infected by the same agent.…”

Section: Antisecretory Factor and Endocrine Diarrhoeamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, in many diarrhoea cases breast-feeding alone does not suffice (96) . In a study conducted in Pakistan on children suffering from acute and prolonged diarrhoea episodes, it was found that when given B 221, a medical food based on AF-rich egg yolk powder, the incidence of diarrhoea subsided (12) (see Table 3). The study, which lasted 3 d, involved 240 children from 6 to 24 months; every 5 h they were randomly given 2 g of B 221 or placebo (regular egg yolk powder), dissolved in rehydration solution.…”

Section: Antisecretory Factor and Endocrine Diarrhoeamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…AF-rich egg yolk powder, from hens fed SPC, has proved to abolish diarrhoea in children affected by both acute and prolonged diarrhoea (12) and to improve the symptoms in patients affected by inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) (50,51) . The exact mechanism of action of AF at the cellular level remains unclear.…”

Section: Antisecretory Factor-inducing Feed In Animal Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Induction of endogenous AF through nutritional means, in addition to rehydration therapy and/or pharmacological therapy, has been proved to noticeably reduce fluid loss and bowel movements, resulting in an improvement of patients' well-being (9,12,13) . A patented hydrothermal process allows cereal kernels to reach an optimal concentration of specific amino acids and oligosaccharides, able to induce endogenous AF secretion (5) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antisecretory factor as a potential health-promoting molecule in man and animals

2010

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Antisecretory factor (AF) is a protein secreted in plasma and other tissue fluids in mammals with proven antisecretory and anti-inflammatory activity; its immunohistological distribution suggests a role in the immune system. The expression level and the distribution of AF protein are altered during an immunological response. Exposure to bacterial toxins induces secretion of AF in plasma, probably reflecting a natural defence mechanism to agents causing diarrhoea, thereby contributing to a favourable clinical outcome and disease termination. An increase of AF levels in plasma by dietary means, such as specially processed cereals (SPC), has been demonstrated in human subjects and animals. Administration of SPC to patients affected by inflammatory bowel disease, gastroenteritis and Ménière's disease relieved symptoms and improved quality of life. A recent study showed the positive effect of SPC diet supplementation on prevention of the effects of exposure to low levels of blast overpressure in rats, reducing the extent of intracranial pressure increase and cognitive function impairment. AF-rich egg yolk powder improved health status in children suffering acute and chronic diarrhoea, reducing the frequency and increasing the consistency of stools. This kind of functional food could be used for prophylaxis in populations exposed to a high risk of morbidity and mortality caused by diarrhoea and as a complementary therapy in patients affected by chronic intestinal inflammatory disease to improve well-being. In pig husbandry AF-inducing diets, owing to their antisecretory activity and anti-inflammatory action, are a suitable option as an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters to counteract post-weaning diarrhoea.

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Section: Antisecretory Factor and Endocrine Diarrhoeamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antisecretory Factor and Endocrine Diarrhoeamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antisecretory Factor and Endocrine Diarrhoeamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Antisecretory Factor-inducing Feed In Animal Nutritionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Antisecretory factor as a potential health-promoting molecule in man and animals

2010

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Polymer-based oral rehydration solution for treating acute watery diarrhoea

Gregorio

Gonzales

Dans

et al. 2009

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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Polymer-based oral rehydration solution for treating acute watery diarrhoea

Gregorio

Gonzales

Dans

et al. 2016

Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews

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BackgroundAcute diarrhoea is one of the main causes of morbidity and mortality among children in low-income countries. Glucose-based oral rehydration solution (ORS) helps replace fluid and prevent further dehydration from acute diarrhoea. Since 2004, the World Health Organization (WHO) has recommended the osmolarity of less than 270 mOsm/L (ORS ≤ 270) versus greater than 310 mOsm/L formulation (ORS ≥ 310). Polymer-based ORS (for example, prepared using rice or wheat) slowly releases glucose and may be superior to glucose-based ORS.ObjectivesTo compare polymer-based oral rehydration solution (polymer-based ORS) with glucose-based oral rehydration solution (glucose-based ORS) for treating acute watery diarrhoea.Search methodsWe searched the following sources up to 5 September 2016: the Cochrane Infectious Diseases Group (CIDG) Specialized Register, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL) (the Cochrane Library 2016, Issue 9), MEDLINE (1966 to 5 September 2016), EMBASE (1974 to 5 September 2016), LILACS (1982 to 5 September 2016), and mRCT (2007 to 5 September 2016). We also contacted researchers, organizations, and pharmaceutical companies, and searched reference lists.Selection criteriaWe included randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of people with acute watery diarrhoea (cholera and non-cholera associated) that compared polymer-based and glucose-based ORS (with identical electrolyte contents).Data collection and analysisTwo review authors independently assessed the search results and risk of bias, and extracted data. In multiple-treatment arms with two or more treatment groups, we combined outcomes as appropriate and compared collectively with the control group.Main resultsThirty-five trials that included 4284 participants met the inclusion criteria: 28 trials exclusively included children, five included adults, and two included both adults and children.Polymer-based ORS versus glucose-based ORS (osmolarity ≤ 270)Eight trials (752 participants) evaluated this comparison, and seven trials used rice as a polymer source. Polymer-based ORS may decrease mean stool output in the first 24 hours by 24 mL/kg (mean difference (MD) −24.60 mL/kg, 95% CI −40.69 to −8.51; one trial, 99 participants, low quality evidence). The average duration of diarrhoea may be reduced by eight hours (MD −8.24 hours, 95% CI −13.17 to −3.30; I² statistic = 86%, five trials, 364 participants, low quality evidence) with polymer ORS but results are heterogeneous. Limited trials showed no observed difference in the risk of unscheduled use of intravenous fluid (RR 0.66, 95% CI 0.43 to 1.02; I² statistic = 30%; four trials, 376 participants, very low quality evidence), vomiting (very low quality evidence), and hyponatraemia (very low quality evidence).Polymer-based ORS versus glucose-based ORS (osmolarity ≥ 310)Twenty-seven trials (3532 participants) evaluated this comparison using a variety of polymers. On average, polymer ORS may reduce the total stool output in the first 24 hours by around 65 mL/kg (MD −65.47 mL/kg, 95% CI −83....

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B 221, a medical food containing antisecretory factor reduces child diarrhoea: a placebo controlled trial

Abstract: B221, which is a medical food, can be used to significantly improve the condition of children with acute, as well as prolonged diarrhoea caused by a broad range of undefined pathogens.

Cited by 24 publications

References 21 publications

Antisecretory factor as a potential health-promoting molecule in man and animals

Antisecretory factor as a potential health-promoting molecule in man and animals

Polymer-based oral rehydration solution for treating acute watery diarrhoea

Polymer-based oral rehydration solution for treating acute watery diarrhoea

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