Aztec surface-relief volume diffractive structure

Cowan, James J.

doi:10.1364/josaa.7.001529

Cited by 62 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Aztec holograms which are essentially a combination of the surface structure and Bragg reflector geometries, were originally proposed in Ref. [18] and have recently been functionalized for relative humidity sensing via coating with hydrophilic materials such as polyvinyl alcohol and glycerol [19].…”

Section: Surface Relief Structures and Their Application In Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

LTL type nanozeolites utilized in surface photonics structures for environmental sensors

Gul

Cody

Kharchenko

et al. 2018

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials

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A B S T R A C TEnvironmental monitoring has been continuously increasing due to an emerging global emphasis on the importance of sustainable development. Improving water quality monitoring and control is a challenge that calls for innovative solutions. Current methods of water monitoring are costly and analytical techniques suitable for field use are limited. There is a need for accurate, long-term monitoring of environmental contaminants using sensors that can be operated on site. The aim of our research is to theoretically model, fabricate and characterise holographic sensors for water quality monitoring that are simple to operate, capable of sensing copper present in fresh water and have relatively low cost. The sensors are created by holographic recording of surface relief gratings (SRG) in a self-processing photopolymer material. Interrogation of these structures by light allows indirect measurements of ion concentration in real time. The SRG structures are modified by coating with porous LTL-nanoparticles (nanosized zeolites) which selectively adsorb copper ions. The suitability of the sensors for detection of copper (II) present in water at concentration levels 1-4 mM is reported. The current detection limit of the sensor is 63 ppm.

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Section: Surface Relief Structures and Their Application In Sensingmentioning

confidence: 99%

LTL type nanozeolites utilized in surface photonics structures for environmental sensors

Gul

Cody

Kharchenko

et al. 2018

Microporous and Mesoporous Materials

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“…37 Specifically, when Λ∕λ ≥ 20, physical optics according to Fresnel and Snell's laws can explain the behavior of the diffraction efficiency of these optical elements. 37,52 This simplified theory is based on the general equation for diffraction efficiency η in scalar approximation for a periodic structure as 37,53 ηðλÞ ¼…”

Section: Accuracy Analysis Of the Scalar Diffraction Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…(6) into account and the geometry of the problem fully detailed in Fig. 3, the diffraction efficiencies for the zero and the higher orders can be easily derived 37,53 η 0 ¼ ðn g cos θ g ∕n 0 cos θ 0 Þτ 2 ðθ 0 Þ × ½1 − 2fð1 − fÞð1 − cos ΔϕÞ;…”

Section: Accuracy Analysis Of the Scalar Diffraction Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Acceleration of split-field finite difference time-domain method for anisotropic media by means of graphics processing unit computing

et al. 2013

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Abstract. The implementation of split-field finite difference time domain (SF-FDTD) applied to light-wave propagation through periodic media with arbitrary anisotropy method in graphics processing units (GPUs) is described. The SF-FDTD technique and the periodic boundary condition allow the consideration of a single period of the structure reducing the simulation grid. Nevertheless, the analysis of the anisotropic media implies considering all the electromagnetic field components and the use of complex notation. These aspects reduce the computational efficiency of the numerical method compared with the isotropic and nonperiodic implementation. Specifically, the implementation of the SF-FDTD in the Kepler family of GPUs of NVIDIA is presented. An analysis of the performance of this implementation is done, and several applications have been considered in order to estimate the possibilities provided by both the formalism and the implementation into GPU: binary phase gratings and twisted-nematic liquid crystal cells. Regarding the analysis of binary phase gratings, the validity of the scalar diffraction theory is evaluated by the comparison of the diffraction efficiencies predicted by SF-FDTD. The analysis for the second order of diffraction is extended, which is considered as a reference for the transmittance obtained by the SF-FDTD scheme for periodic media.

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“…Specifically, when Λ/λ ≥ 20, physical optics according to Fresnel and Snell's laws can explain the behavior of the diffraction efficiency of these optical elements 3,4 . This simplified theory is based on the general equation for diffraction efficiency η in scalar approximation for a periodic structure as 3,5 (1) where t(x) is a function defined as the ratio of transmitted (or reflected) and incident wave amplitudes at location x, and m is the diffracted order. Taking into account (1) and the geometry of the problem fully detailed in Fig 1a, the diffraction efficiencies for the zero and first order can be easily derived 3,5 (2) (3) whith θ 0 being the angle of incidence.…”

Section: Scalar Diffraction Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This simplified theory is based on the general equation for diffraction efficiency η in scalar approximation for a periodic structure as 3,5 (1) where t(x) is a function defined as the ratio of transmitted (or reflected) and incident wave amplitudes at location x, and m is the diffracted order. Taking into account (1) and the geometry of the problem fully detailed in Fig 1a, the diffraction efficiencies for the zero and first order can be easily derived 3,5 (2) (3) whith θ 0 being the angle of incidence. The rays inside the grating have an angle respect to the x axes θ g that can be obtained via Snell's Law.…”

Section: Scalar Diffraction Theorymentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of simplified theories in the analysis of the diffraction efficiency in surface-relief gratings

et al. 2012

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In this work a set of simplified theories for predicting diffraction efficiencies of diffraction phase and triangular gratings are considered. The simplified theories applied are the scalar diffraction and the effective medium theories. These theories are used in a wide range of the value Λ/λ and for different angles of incidence. However, when 1 ≤ Λ/λ ≤ 10, the behaviour of the diffraction light is difficult to understand intuitively and the simplified theories are not accurate. The accuracy of these formalisms is compared with both rigorous coupled wave theory and the finite-difference time domain method. Regarding the RCWT, the influence of the number of harmonics considered in the Fourier basis in the accuracy of the model is analyzed for different surface-relief gratings. In all cases the FDTD method is used for validating the results of the rest of theories. The FDTD method permits to visualize the interaction between the electromagnetic fields within the whole structure providing reliable information in real time. The drawbacks related with the spatial and time resolution of the finite-difference methods has been avoided by means of massive parallel implementation based on graphics processing units. Furthermore, analysis of the performance of the parallel method is shown obtaining a severe improvement respect to the classical version of the FDTD method.

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Aztec surface-relief volume diffractive structure

Cited by 62 publications

References 15 publications

LTL type nanozeolites utilized in surface photonics structures for environmental sensors

LTL type nanozeolites utilized in surface photonics structures for environmental sensors

Acceleration of split-field finite difference time-domain method for anisotropic media by means of graphics processing unit computing

Comparison of simplified theories in the analysis of the diffraction efficiency in surface-relief gratings

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