Protonation of the amido groups of M(NMe 2 ) 5 (M = Ta or Nb) with trialkylguanidines, (RNH) 2 CNR (R = i-Pr or Cy), directly produced a series of five-co-ordinated complexes, M(NMe 2 ) 3 [(RN) 2 CNR] 1-4. Single crystal X-ray analysis confirmed that 1 contained a dianionic N,NЈ,NЉ-triisopropylguanidinate ligand which was co-ordinated in a chelating bidentate mode. In contrast, protonation of the amido groups of Ta(NMe 2 ) 4 Cl with triisopropylguanidine gave the six-co-ordinated complex Ta(NMe 2 ) 3 Cl[(i-PrN) 2 CNHi-Pr] 5 which possessed a bidentate monoanionic guanidinate ligand. Complex 5 can be converted into 1 by reaction with either LiNMe 2 or MeMgBr.