Azo-Dye Carcinogenesis: Ribonucleotides and Ribonucleases

Nodes, J.T.; Reid, E. Emmet

doi:10.1038/bjc.1963.96

Cited by 22 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(12 reference statements)

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“…The relative changes of carbamate-kinase and ornithine-transcarbamoylase activities in the ethionine-treated group of rats are such as to favour an increased availability of carbamoyl phosphate, a precursor of nucleic acids. A depressed activity of ornithine transcarbamoylase and an increased activity of carbamoylaspartate transcarbamoylase have been observed in conditions of increased nucleic acid formation such as regenerating liver and certain hepatomas (Cohen & Sallach, 1961;Ono, Blair, Potter & Morris, 1963). In this context the work of Turner & Reid (1964) indicating a stimulation of RNA synthesis in liver after feeding rats with ethionine for 1-3 weeks is noteworthy and the present changes in ornithine-transcarbamoylase activity might be correlated with this change.…”

Section: Controlmentioning

confidence: 69%

“…It would seem that glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase in ethioninetreated rats is another such example since in transplanted hepatomas induced with ethionine there is a threefold increase in glucose 6-phosphate-dehydrogenase activity (McLean & Brown, 1966). There is an increase in the activity of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase but not 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase as early as 2-4 weeks of feeding with a diet containing carcinogenic azo-dyes (Nodes & Reid, 1963;McLean et al 1964), again a marked similarity with the early effects of ethionine treatment. These early changes in glucose 6-phosphate-dehydrogenase activity perhaps assume greater significance when considered in conjunction with the survey made by Weber, Henry, Wagel & Wagel ( 1964) ofa number of biochemical parameters in a range of transplanted hepatomas of different growth rates, where it was found that, in general, glucose 6-phosphate-dehydrogenase activity was increased.…”

Section: Controlmentioning

confidence: 95%

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Effect of ethionine treatment on the activity of enzymes concerned with urea synthesis in rat liver

McLean¹

1966

Biochemical Journal

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1. The activities of the enzymes of the urea cycle were measured in rat liver after feeding with a diet containing ethionine for 2 weeks. This treatment resulted in a decrease in the activity of ornithine transcarbamoylase, which fell to half the control value, while arginase increased by about 40%. The remaining enzymes of the urea cycle were unchanged at this time of treatment. These results are discussed in relation to the known effects of ethionine on nucleic acid synthesis. 2. The activities of glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase and 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase were measured in rat liver after feeding with a diet containing ethionine for 2 or 5 weeks. At the shorter time-period glucose 6-phosphate-dehydrogenase activity was more than doubled but 6-phosphogluconate-dehydrogenase activity remained unchanged. 3. The results are compared with similar measurements made after feeding with diets containing 4-dimethylamino-3'-methylazobenzene for 2 weeks. Striking similarities were found in the pattern of change in the enzyme activities of each of the pathways in the two treatments.

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Section: Controlmentioning

confidence: 69%

Section: Controlmentioning

confidence: 95%

Effect of ethionine treatment on the activity of enzymes concerned with urea synthesis in rat liver

McLean¹

1966

Biochemical Journal

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“…The present results confirm this for NAD but, as there was a greater proportional loss of the reduced form for NADP, there was a shift in the oxidized/reduced ratio for this coenzyme. Nodes & Reid (1964) have also found an increased NADP+/NADPH ratio.…”

Section: Precancerous Livers Produced By Azo-dyesmentioning

confidence: 83%

“…Although there have been many studies of the concentration of NAD in tumour material, there have been relatively few in the early stages of carcinogenesis. Notable among the latter are the results of Jedeikin, Thomas & Weinhouse (1956), which showed a tendency for the NAD concentration in the precancerous liver to decrease with increasing time of also those of Nodes & Reid (1964), who found that azo-dye carcinogenesis produced little change in NAD concentration in the early stages but tended to lower the NADP content. The decline of NAD content is even more marked in well-developed tumours and has been adequately documented for a number of tissues and a variety of carcinogens (Jedeikin & Weinhouse, 1955;Glock & McLean, 1957;Briggs, 1960;Wintzerith, Klein, Mandel & Mandel, 1961;Missale & Colajacomo, 1963;Nodes & Reid, 1964).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

The concentration and biosynthesis of nicotinamide nucleotides in the livers of rats treated with carcinogens

Clark¹,

Greenbaum²,

McLean³

1966

Biochemical Journal

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1. The oxidoreduction state and concentration of both NAD and NADP as well as the maximum potential activities of NMN adenylyltransferase and NAD(+) kinase have been measured in the livers of rats treated for 14-28 days with 4-dimethylamino-3'-methylazobenzene, 4-dimethylamino-4'-fluoroazobenzene, alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanate or ethionine and in primary hepatomas induced by 4-dimethylamino-3'-methylazobenzene. 2. The total NAD and total NADP both decreased in the livers of rats treated with either azo-dyes or alpha-naphthyl isothiocyanate but not in those treated with ethionine. The activities of NMN adenylyltransferase and NAD(+) kinase did not alter appreciably after such treatments. 3. In the primary hepatomas the concentrations of both NAD and NADP fell drastically and the activities of NMN adenylyltransferase and NAD(+) kinase fell to about 50% of the control activities. 4. No correlation could be established between the concentrations of the nucleotides and the activities of the enzymes synthesizing them. It appears, however, that a relationship exists between the NAD content of the tissue and the amount of NADP present. 5. The results are discussed with respect to the control of NAD and NADP synthesis by ATP. At the concentrations of NAD normally present in the cell it is suggested that NAD may be a rate-limiting substrate in NADP synthesis.

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“…All of these increase the permeability of lysosomal membranes (Allison & Mallucci 1964). A marked change in the livers of rats after administration of dimethylaminoazobenzene is accompanied by an increase in lysosomal enzymes in the supernatant fraction (Deckers-Passau et al 1957, Nodes & Reid 1963. In other types of liver damage, e.g.…”

Section: Chemical Agentsmentioning

confidence: 99%