Azimuthal correlation functions and the energy of vanishing flow in nucleus-nucleus collisions

Buţă, A.; Angélique, J. C.; Auger, G.; Bizard, G.; Brou, R.; Cabot, C.; Cassagnou, Y.; Crema, Eduardo; Cussol, D.; Masri, Y. El; Eudes, P.; Gonin, Marc; Hagel, K.; He, Zhou; Kerambrun, A.; Lebrun, C.; Légrain, R.; Patry, J.P.; Péghaire, A.; Péter, J.; Popescu, Raluca; Régimbart, R.; Rosato, E.; Saint‐Laurent, F.; Steckmeyer, J.C.; Tamain, B.; Vient, E.; Wada, R.

doi:10.1016/0375-9474(94)00520-w

Cited by 48 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…Indeed, as it is shown in the following, the balance energy is found to decrease with decreasing impact parameters. With this in mind, the balance energy value extracted here is consistent with the systematics of the balance energy as a function of the mass of the combined projectile-target system obtained from MSU and GANIL results [56]. On the other hand, it is worth noting that for a heavy system like Au+Au, because of the strong Coulomb repulsion, the overall force is always repulsive [23].…”

Section: B Squeeze-outsupporting

confidence: 88%

Onset of nuclear matter expansion in Au+Au collisions

Crochet¹,

Rami²,

Gobbi³

et al. 1997

Nuclear Physics A

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Using the FOPI detector at GSI Darmstadt, excitation functions of collective flow components were measured for the Au+Au system, in the reaction plane and out of this plane, at seven incident energies ranging from 100A MeV to 800A MeV. The threshold energies, corresponding to the onset of sidewardflow (balance energy) and squeeze-out effect (transition energy), are extracted from extrapolations of these excitation functions toward lower beam energies for charged products with Z ≥ 2. The transition energy is found to be larger than the balance energy. The impact parameter dependence of both balance and transition energies, when extrapolated to central collisions, suggests comparable although slightly higher values than the threshold energy for the radial flow. The relevant parameter seems to be the energy deposited into the system in order to overcome the attractive nuclear forces.

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Section: B Squeeze-outsupporting

confidence: 88%

Onset of nuclear matter expansion in Au+Au collisions

Crochet¹,

Rami²,

Gobbi³

et al. 1997

Nuclear Physics A

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“…2, we display E bal as a function of combined mass figure, we see that the value of τ for Hard 40 increases drastically as one goes from central to semiperipheral colliding geometries. This is because E bal increases approximately linearly with the increase in the impact parameter [9,[14][15][16], which is caused by the decrease in the number of nn binary collisions. However, the increase in E bal with impact parameter is different for different masses.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While going through the incident energies, collective transverse in-plane flow disappears at a particular incident energy termed the balance energy (E bal ) or energy of vanishing flow (EVF) [7]. The E bal has been studied experimentally as well as theoretically over a wide range of mass, which ranges from 12 C + 12 C to 238 U + 238 U at different colliding geometries and has been found to vary drastically as a function of combined mass of the system [8][9][10][11][12][13] as well as a function of the impact parameter [9,[14][15][16][17][18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Importance of momentum dependent interactions at the energy of vanishing flow

Chugh

Puri

2010

Phys. Rev. C

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We study the balance energy (E bal ) as a function of combined system mass for different colliding geometries, which range from central to semiperipheral ones. We find that E bal follows a power law behavior (∝A τ ) at all colliding geometries. We also study the effect of momentum dependent interactions on E bal as well as on its mass dependence. We find that the inclusion of momentum dependent interactions changes the value of τ drastically at peripheral geometries in agreement with other calculations.

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“…The slope of the p x over the midrapidity region, denoted as ∂ p x /∂Ỹ , can provide information about the movement of the fragments with respect to the PLF [50,51]. For example, a positive slope would indicate that the closer the fragment is to the PLF, the more strongly its motion is correlated with the PLF direction.…”

Section: B Midrapidity Slopementioning

confidence: 99%

Correlations with projectile-like fragments and emission order of light charged particles

et al. 2012

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Correlations of midrapidity light charged particles (LCPs) and intermediate mass fragments (IMFs) with projectile-like fragments (PLFs) have been examined from the 35 MeV/u 70 Zn + 70 Zn, 64 Zn + 64 Zn, and 64 Ni + 64 Ni reaction systems. A new method was developed to examine the flow of the particles with respect to the PLF. The invariant PLF-scaled flow allowed for the dynamics of the midrapidity Z = 1-4 particles to be studied. Strong differences in the PLF-scaled flow were observed between the different isotopes. In particular, the most n-rich LCPs exhibited a negative PLF-scaled flow in comparison to the other LCPs. A classical molecular dynamics model and a three-body Coulomb trajectory simulation were both used to show that the PLF-scaled flow observable could be connected to the average order of emission of the LCPs. The experimental results suggest that the midrapidity region is preferentially populated with neutron-rich LCPs and Z = 3-4 IMFs at a relatively early stage in the collision. The deuteron and 3 He particles are emitted later followed, lastly, by protons and alphas. The average order of emission of the midrapidity LCPs was extracted from the constrained molecular dynamics simulations and showed good agreement with the emission order suggested by the experimental PLF-scaled flow results.

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Azimuthal correlation functions and the energy of vanishing flow in nucleus-nucleus collisions

Cited by 48 publications

References 25 publications

Onset of nuclear matter expansion in Au+Au collisions

Onset of nuclear matter expansion in Au+Au collisions

Importance of momentum dependent interactions at the energy of vanishing flow

Correlations with projectile-like fragments and emission order of light charged particles

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