Azadirachtin: A potent insect growth regulator of plant origin

Rembold, Heinz; Sharma, Gaurav; Czoppelt, Ch.; Schmutterer, H.

doi:10.1111/j.1439-0418.1982.tb03564.x

Cited by 59 publications

(17 citation statements)

References 11 publications

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“…The efficacy of neem products may vary with respect to concentrations of azadirachtin [38], and thus some authors have stated lower insecticidal activity against CPB [39,40]. However, that was not the case in our study, because the commercial product NeemAzal T/S (Trifolio-M GmbH, Lahnau, Germany) used in the bioassay contains 1% of the purified active ingredient Azadirachtin A, which is a very potent insect growth inhibitor [41] (reviewed in [19,42]). In the case of karanja oil, higher doses were needed to achieve the same mortality of CPB larvae as with neem oil.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

United Forces of Botanical Oils: Efficacy of Neem and Karanja Oil against Colorado Potato Beetle under Laboratory Conditions

Kovaříková

Pavela

2019

Plants

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Neem and karanja oil are the most promising botanical insecticides in crop protection nowadays. Given that information about the insecticidal abilities of these oils is lacking, the aim was to explore the effects of neem and karanja oil binary mixtures. The insecticidal activity of NeemAzal T/S (Trifolio-M GmbH, Lahnau, Germany) (neem oil), Rock Effect (Agro CS a.s., Česká Skalice, Czech Republic) (karanja oil), and their binary mixes (at 1:1, 1:2, and 2:1 volume ratios) against the larvae of the Colorado potato beetle (CPB; Leptinotarsa decemlineata) was studied. In our bioassays, a synergistic effect of the mixtures, which was dose-dependent, was observed for the first time against this pest. The most effective blend was the 1:1 ratio. Its efficacy was more or less the same as, or even greater than, the neem oil alone. The LC50 of neem oil two days after application was (0.075 g·L−1) and the LC50 of the mixture was (0.065 g·L−1). The LC50 of karanja oil was (0.582 g·L−1), which was much higher than the LC50 of neem oil. The LC90 of neem oil five days after application was (0.105 g·L−1) and the LC90 of the mixture was (0.037 g·L−1). The LC90 of karanja oil was (1.032 g·L−1). The results demonstrate that it is possible to lower the doses of both oils and get improved efficacy against CPB larvae; nevertheless, further verification of the results in field conditions is necessary.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 66%

United Forces of Botanical Oils: Efficacy of Neem and Karanja Oil against Colorado Potato Beetle under Laboratory Conditions

Kovaříková

Pavela

2019

Plants

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“…Similar results have also been observed when larvae of S. littoralis are treated with extracts of Commiphora molmol (Shonouda et al 2000) or S. frugiperda larvae are treated with Calceolaria talcana extracts (Munoz et al 2013). It appears that the plant extracts are mimicking the action of JH which suppresses pupation (Eto 1990) and may also block the synthesis/release of eclosion hormone since phytochemicals are known to suppress the synthesis of ecdysteroids or eclosion hormone (Rembold et al 1982).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Withania somnifera acts as a potential insect growth regulator in the polyphagous pest, Pericallia ricini

Gaur¹,

Kumar²

2018

Journal of Plant Protection Research

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Both seed and root extracts of the medicinal plant, Ashwagandha, Withania somnifera exhibit insect growth regulatory activity against the polyphagous pest, Pericallia ricini. Topical administration of W. somnifera seed and root extracts to last instar larvae of P. ricini disrupted moulting and metamorphosis, leading to a number of developmental abnormalities such as delay in larval-pupal and pupal-adult ecdysis, formation of larval-pupal, pupal--adult and larval-pupal-adult mosaics/chimeras, ecdysial failure, suppression of pupation and adult emergence and formation of abnormal pupae and adultoids. The treatment with seed extracts was more severe than that of root extracts as it completely suppressed the pupation and adult emergence. The results clearly suggest that the medicinal plant, W. somnifera acts as a potential insect growth regulatory (IGR) disrupting the moulting and metamorphosis as a consequence of interference with the endocrine system.

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“…In insects, it was observed that even the lower concentrations of azadirachtin interfered with the animal physiology with the largest effect being fully inhibiting the feeding process, thereby allowing control of them (Warthen 1989). It inhibits feeding and growth of insects belonging to several orders like Lepidoptera (Koul et al 1987), Diptera (Champagne et al 1989), Orthoptera (Rao and Subrahmanyam 1986;Ascher et al 1989), Hemiptera (Dorn 1986;Dorn et al 1986), Coleoptera (Meisner and Mitchell 1982;Ladd et al 1984), Hymenoptera (Rembold et al 1982), etc. through intervention in endocrine events (Sieber and Rembold 1983; and Blackwell 1993; Malczewska et al 1988;Subrahmanyam et al 1989;Barnby and Klocke 1990).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica A. Juss (neem) leaf on oocyte maturation, oviposition, reproductive potentials and embryonic development of a freshwater fish ectoparasite Argulus bengalensis Ramakrishna, 1951 (Crustacea: Branchiura)

2014

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In present study, a microcosm experiment is carried out to investigate the efficacy of 120 and 250-ppm crude aqueous extract of Azadirachta leaf on oocyte maturation, oviposition, embryonic development and hatching of the eggs of a fish ectoparasite Argulus bengalensis. Relative abundance of different maturing oocyte stages in the ovary of the parasite from different age groups was enumerated, and marked variations were obtained. Significant depletion in the abundance of pre-vitollogenic, vitellogenic and post-vitellogenic oocytes was recorded, which indicates impairment in maturation. Chromatin condensation of the oocytes of treated parasite indicates apoptosis of oogenic cells. Strong oviposition deterrence was evident by the elevated oviposition deterrence index of 0.18 and 0.52 at respective toxin levels. The treated parasites invested less number of eggs per oviposition, and hatching percentage of the eggs reduced markedly. In vitro treatment of eggs within 70 min of incubation exhibited coagulation of yolk material and subsequent reduction in hatching percentage. However, treatment applied after this critical period, hatching was not significantly altered. In vitro treatment of eggs at 80 min of incubation resulted in normal development. It signifies that azadirachtin affects the early developmental events but not the later. Presumably, azadirachtin either affects early gene expression of the embryo or antagonizes any of the substances of the zygote required for sustaining early developmental process. The result of the present experiment suggests that azadirachtin could be a promising agent to control argulosis through inhibition of the reproductive maturity of the parasite as well as through interference of its embryonic development.

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Azadirachtin: A potent insect growth regulator of plant origin

Cited by 59 publications

References 11 publications

United Forces of Botanical Oils: Efficacy of Neem and Karanja Oil against Colorado Potato Beetle under Laboratory Conditions

United Forces of Botanical Oils: Efficacy of Neem and Karanja Oil against Colorado Potato Beetle under Laboratory Conditions

Withania somnifera acts as a potential insect growth regulator in the polyphagous pest, Pericallia ricini

Effect of aqueous extract of Azadirachta indica A. Juss (neem) leaf on oocyte maturation, oviposition, reproductive potentials and embryonic development of a freshwater fish ectoparasite Argulus bengalensis Ramakrishna, 1951 (Crustacea: Branchiura)

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