Axonal transport of <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> and nerve‐cell‐induced bacterial killing

Dons, Lone; Jin, Yuxuan; Kristensson, Krister; Rottenberg, Martı́n E.

doi:10.1002/jnr.21256

Cited by 27 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 122 publications

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“…12 L. monocytogenes is able to survive and multiply in a wide variety of cell types, including macrophages and neurons. 13,17,32 Even though studies have suggested that L. monocytogenes can use a peripheral intraneural route to invade the CNS, it has not yet been established how it then spreads throughout the brain.…”

Section: Fig 3 Fused Images Generated From Swi and Combined Fractiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Spreading of multiple Listeria monocytogenes abscesses via central nervous system fiber tracts: case report

Bojanowski¹,

Seizeur

Effendi³

et al. 2015

JNS

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Animal studies have shown that Listeria monocytogenes can probably access the brain through a peripheral intraneural route, and it has been suggested that a similar process may occur in humans. However, thus far, its spreading through the central nervous system (CNS) has not been completely elucidated. The authors present a case of multiple L. monocytogenes cerebral abscesses characterized by a pattern of distribution that suggested spread along white matter fiber tracts and reviewed the literature to identify other cases for analysis. They elected to include only those cases with 3 or more cerebral abscesses to make sure that the distribution was not random, but rather followed a pattern. In addition, they included those cases with abscesses in both the brainstem and the cerebral hemispheres, but excluded cases in which abscesses were located solely in the brainstem. Of 77 cases of L. monocytogenes CNS abscesses found in the literature, 17 involved multiple abscesses. Of those, 6 were excluded for lack of imaging and 3 because they involved only the brainstem. Of the 8 remaining cases from the literature, one was a case of bilateral abscesses that did not follow a fiber tract; another was also bilateral, but with lesions appearing to follow fiber tracts on one side; and in the remaining 6, to which the authors added their own case for a total of 7, all the abscesses were located exclusively in the same hemisphere and distributed along white matter fiber tracts. The findings suggest that after entering the CNS, L. monocytogenes travels within the axons, resulting in a characteristic pattern of distribution of multiple abscesses along the white matter fiber tracts in the brain. This report is the first description suggesting intraaxonal CNS spread of L. monocytogenes infection in humans following its entry into the brain. This distinct pattern is clearly seen on imaging and its recognition may be valuable in the diagnosis of listeriosis. This finding may allow for earlier diagnosis, which may improve outcome.

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Section: Fig 3 Fused Images Generated From Swi and Combined Fractiomentioning

confidence: 99%

Spreading of multiple Listeria monocytogenes abscesses via central nervous system fiber tracts: case report

Bojanowski¹,

Seizeur

Effendi³

et al. 2015

JNS

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“…1E, F) and died before 13 days after infection (data not shown). L. monocytogenes can spread to the brainstem along the trigeminal nerve and invade the central nervous system from the bloodstream (6,21). Whether NOD1 controls listerial dissemination into the brain after infection via the snout was studied next.…”

Section: Nod1 Protects Mice Against Infection With L Monocytogenesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Nonhematopoietic Cells Control the Outcome of Infection with Listeria monocytogenes in a Nucleotide Oligomerization Domain 1-Dependent Manner

Mosa¹,

Trumstedt²,

Eriksson³

et al. 2009

Infect Immun

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“…There is some evidence that Listeria monocytogenes enters trigeminal nerve axon terminals and is retrogradely transported to the brain stem, resulting in brain stem encephalitis (18). There are also reports that, following intranasal infection of mice, Streptococcus pneumoniae may enter the brain via the olfactory nerve (19) and that Neisseria meningitidis can infect the meninges by this route (20).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Burkholderia pseudomallei Penetrates the Brain via Destruction of the Olfactory and Trigeminal Nerves: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Neurological Melioidosis

John

Ekberg

Dando

et al. 2014

mBio

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Melioidosis is a potentially fatal disease that is endemic to tropical northern Australia and Southeast Asia, with a mortality rate of 14 to 50%. The bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei is the causative agent which infects numerous parts of the human body, including the brain, which results in the neurological manifestation of melioidosis. The olfactory nerve constitutes a direct conduit from the nasal cavity into the brain, and we have previously reported that B. pseudomallei can colonize this nerve in mice. We have now investigated in detail the mechanism by which the bacteria penetrate the olfactory and trigeminal nerves within the nasal cavity and infect the brain. We found that the olfactory epithelium responded to intranasal B. pseudomallei infection by widespread crenellation followed by disintegration of the neuronal layer to expose the underlying basal layer, which the bacteria then colonized. With the loss of the neuronal cell bodies, olfactory axons also degenerated, and the bacteria then migrated through the now-open conduit of the olfactory nerves. Using immunohistochemistry, we demonstrated that B. pseudomallei migrated through the cribriform plate via the olfactory nerves to enter the outer layer of the olfactory bulb in the brain within 24 h. We also found that the bacteria colonized the thin respiratory epithelium in the nasal cavity and then rapidly migrated along the underlying trigeminal nerve to penetrate the cranial cavity. These results demonstrate that B. pseudomallei invasion of the nerves of the nasal cavity leads to direct infection of the brain and bypasses the blood-brain barrier.

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Axonal transport of Listeria monocytogenes and nerve‐cell‐induced bacterial killing

Cited by 27 publications

References 122 publications

Spreading of multiple Listeria monocytogenes abscesses via central nervous system fiber tracts: case report

Spreading of multiple Listeria monocytogenes abscesses via central nervous system fiber tracts: case report

Nonhematopoietic Cells Control the Outcome of Infection with Listeria monocytogenes in a Nucleotide Oligomerization Domain 1-Dependent Manner

Burkholderia pseudomallei Penetrates the Brain via Destruction of the Olfactory and Trigeminal Nerves: Implications for the Pathogenesis of Neurological Melioidosis

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