Axonal Degeneration of the Vagus Nerve in Parkinson's Disease—A High-Resolution Ultrasound Study

Pelz, Johann; Belau, Elena; Fricke, Christopher; Claßen, Joseph; Weise, David

doi:10.3389/fneur.2018.00951

Cited by 41 publications

(76 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Vagus nerve sonography has been performed in HCs in different countries. The CSA values in HC vary among studies, with the mean ranging from 1.6 to 5.88 mm 2 1–5,7–10 . These differences may be partly attributed to different ethnicities and different methods of assessing CSA 14 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…The vagus nerve, which contains parasympathetic fibers, is different from spinal nerves. Vagus nerve sonography has been performed in healthy controls (HCs), 1,2 Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth Type 1B (CMT1B), 3 chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP), 4 multifocal motor neuropathy, 5,6 amyotrophy lateral sclerosis, 5 diabetes mellitus, 7 and Parkinson disease 8–10 . The cross‐sectional area (CSA) values in HC vary among different studies, with the mean ranging 1.60‐5.88 mm 2 1–5,7–10 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vagus Nerve Ultrasound in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy and Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth Disease Type 1A

Niu

Zhang

Ding

et al. 2020

Journal of Neuroimaging

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BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Both clinical autonomic dysfunction and involvement of autonomic nerves have been reported in a range of peripheral nerve disorders. We employed nerve ultrasound to assess the size of the vagus nerve in a serial study of patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) and Charcot-Marie-Tooth type 1B (CMT1B) as compared to healthy controls (HCs). We correlated these findings with involvement of the median and ulnar nerves. METHODS: Forty-three patients with CIDP, 8 with CMT1A, and 105 HC were prospectively recruited. The cross-sectional areas (CSAs) of the vagus, median, and ulnar nerves were measured bilaterally. The alteration of CSA of those nerves was followed longitudinally in CIDP. RESULTS: The median (range) CSA of the vagus nerve was 2 (1-28) mm 2 in CIDP, 3 (2-6) mm 2 in CMT1A, and 1 (1-2) mm 2 in HC. The vagus nerve CSA was positively correlated with the maximum CSA of median/ulnar nerve in CIDP and CMT1A. The alteration in vagus nerve CSA was positively correlated with the alteration in mean median/ulnar nerve CSA in CIDP during follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: The vagus nerve was involved to a similar extent as the median and ulnar nerves in CIDP and CMT1A, although no symptoms or signs of vagus nerve involvement were found. Further study should be performed to explore the clinical relevance of vagus nerve enlargement in these disorders.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Vagus Nerve Ultrasound in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy and Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth Disease Type 1A

Niu

Zhang

Ding

et al. 2020

Journal of Neuroimaging

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“…Mapping the significant SNPs to the gene domain of the hg38 reference genome in a 10 kb interval [22], the GO enrichment results showed that six biological functional regions were significantly enriched (Bonferroni-corrected p-value < 8 × 10 −3 , Supplementary Table S1). Four significantly enriched biologically functional regions have been reported to be associated with PD, including the axon [23], neuron-to-neuron synapse [24], asymmetric synapse [25] and gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA)-ergic synapse [26] (Figure 2). Therefore, these results indicate that the meta-analysis of GWAS data reflects the pathological features of PD.…”

Section: Screening Snps Of Pd Based On Meta-analysis Gwas Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Identifying Risk Genes and Interpreting Pathogenesis for Parkinson’s Disease by a Multiomics Analysis

Cheng

Zhu

Zhang

2020

Genes

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Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have identified tens of genetic variants associated with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Nevertheless, the genes or DNA elements that affect traits through these genetic variations are usually undiscovered. This study was the first to combine meta-analysis GWAS data and expression data to identify PD risk genes. Four known genes, CRHR1, KANSL1, NSF and LRRC37A, and two new risk genes, STX4 and BST1, were identified. Among them, CRHR1 is a known drug target, indicating that hydrocortisone may become a potential drug for the treatment of PD. Furthermore, the potential pathogenesis of CRHR1 and LRRC37A was explored by applying DNA methylation (DNAm) data, indicating a pathogenesis whereby the effect of a genetic variant on PD is mediated by genetic regulation of transcription through DNAm. Overall, this research identified the risk genes and pathogenesis that affect PD through genetic variants, which has significance for the diagnosis and treatment of PD.

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“…Interestingly, objective imaging techniques were found to be more sensitive than subjective ratings of patients (Knudsen et al, 2017a). Additionally, sonographic studies confirm a direct impairment of the vagal nerve by displaying nerve atrophy with high-resolution ultrasound (Pelz et al, 2018;Walter et al, 2018).…”

Section: Gastrointestinal Symptoms In Pd: Indications For a Start Of mentioning

confidence: 93%

Alpha Synuclein Connects the Gut-Brain Axis in Parkinson’s Disease Patients – A View on Clinical Aspects, Cellular Pathology and Analytical Methodology

Schaeffer

Kluge

Böttner

et al. 2020

Front. Cell Dev. Biol.

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Parkinson's disease (PD) is marked by different kinds of pathological features, one hallmark is the aggregation of α-synuclein (aSyn). The development of aSyn pathology in the substantia nigra is associated to the manifestation of motor deficits at the time of diagnosis. However, most of the patients suffer additionally from non-motor symptoms, which may occur already in the prodromal phase of the disease years before PD is diagnosed. Many of these symptoms manifest in the gastrointestinal system (GIT) and some data suggest a potential link to the occurrence of pathological aSyn forms within the GIT. These clinical and pathological findings lead to the idea of a gut-brain route of aSyn pathology in PD. The identification of pathological aSyn in the intestinal system, e.g., by GIT biopsies, is therefore of highest interest for early diagnosis and early intervention in the phase of formation and propagation of aSyn. However, reliable methods to discriminate between physiological and pathological forms of enteral aSyn on the cellular and biochemical level are still missing. Moreover, a better understanding of the physiological function of aSyn within the GIT as well as its structure and pathological aggregation pathways are crucial to understand its role within the enteric nervous system and its spreading from the gut to the brain. In this review, we summarize clinical manifestations of PD in the GIT, and discuss biochemical findings from enteral biopsies. The relevance of pathological aSyn forms, their connection to the gut-brain axis and new developments to identify pathologic forms of aSyn by structural features are critically reviewed.

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Axonal Degeneration of the Vagus Nerve in Parkinson's Disease—A High-Resolution Ultrasound Study

Cited by 41 publications

References 13 publications

Vagus Nerve Ultrasound in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy and Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth Disease Type 1A

Vagus Nerve Ultrasound in Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating Polyradiculoneuropathy and Charcot‐Marie‐Tooth Disease Type 1A

Identifying Risk Genes and Interpreting Pathogenesis for Parkinson’s Disease by a Multiomics Analysis

Alpha Synuclein Connects the Gut-Brain Axis in Parkinson’s Disease Patients – A View on Clinical Aspects, Cellular Pathology and Analytical Methodology

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