2017
DOI: 10.1002/ana.25018
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Axonal components of nerves innervating the human arm

Abstract: Our results suggest that upper limb motor execution, and particularly dexterous coordination of hand movement, require an unexpectedly low number of motor neurons, with a large convergence of afferent input for feedback control. Ann Neurol 2017;82:396-408.

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Cited by 116 publications
(117 citation statements)
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“…These sonographic and electrophysiological findings are consistent with the histological reports in SCA2 of atrophy of the dorsal root ganglia and reduction in the number of dorsal root ganglion cells and “moderate loss of sensory neurons and demyelination of intraganglionic nerve fibers” in the spinal ganglion sections, even in a patient “who died only 5 years after disease manifestation and still had a clinical picture with early signs.” Degeneration of the nerve cells in the dorsal root ganglia leads to secondary degeneration and loss of the peripheral sensory axons. As the average sensory axon content of the upper limb mixed nerves is very high, representing over 90% of the total axons, it is plausible that the nerves get visibly smaller with sensory axon loss.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…These sonographic and electrophysiological findings are consistent with the histological reports in SCA2 of atrophy of the dorsal root ganglia and reduction in the number of dorsal root ganglion cells and “moderate loss of sensory neurons and demyelination of intraganglionic nerve fibers” in the spinal ganglion sections, even in a patient “who died only 5 years after disease manifestation and still had a clinical picture with early signs.” Degeneration of the nerve cells in the dorsal root ganglia leads to secondary degeneration and loss of the peripheral sensory axons. As the average sensory axon content of the upper limb mixed nerves is very high, representing over 90% of the total axons, it is plausible that the nerves get visibly smaller with sensory axon loss.…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Anatomical counts estimate 35,000 motor neurons of the upper limbs (Gesslbauer et al . ) and around 60,000 of the lower limbs (Tomlinson & Irving, ), with each innervating hundreds or thousands of muscle fibres (Feinstein et al . ; Gath & Stålberg, ).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…A motor unit includes a single alpha motor neuron and all of the muscle fibres it innervates. Anatomical counts estimate 35,000 motor neurons of the upper limbs (Gesslbauer et al 2017) and around 60,000 of the lower limbs (Tomlinson & Irving, 1977), with each innervating hundreds or thousands of muscle fibres (Feinstein et al 1955;Gath & Stålberg, 1981). If a motor neuron is impaired or degraded during ageing, its muscle fibres may lose their innervation and will be vulnerable to apoptosis.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Die Frage nach dem notwendigen sowie optimalen Verhältnis zwischen Spender und Empfänger-Nerven zur erfolgreichen Reinnervation muss nach wie vor als ungeklärt betrachtet werden. Hierbei zeigen Arbeiten von Gesslbauer et al [21], dass ein Großteil des Spendernervs aus sensiblen Fasern besteht, selbst wenn er als rein motorischer Ast beschrieben ist. Das limitiert den Anteil an verfügbaren motorischen Axonen signifikant und betont zusätzlich die Frage nach der notwendigen Quantität an motorischem Input für eine erfolgreiche Reinnervation.…”
Section: Die Wahl Des Un In Diesem Modell Entspringt Folgender üBerleunclassified