Axial Ratio Bandwidth Enhanced Proximity Fed Fractal MGS-Based Circularly Polarized Patch Antenna

Abstract

A triangle-shaped proximity-fed circularly polarized antenna with a modified fractal ground structure is introduced in this paper. The antenna's ground plane is employed with a fractal-shaped corporate feed type cut, which helps produce the circular polarization. The proximity feed is offset from the center to generate the orthogonal modes; furthermore, the fractal modified ground aids in enhancing the axial ratio bandwidth. Different iterations of the basic fractal unit improve the polarization purity and axial ratio bandwidth. The experimental results of the designed antenna reflection coefficients below 10 dB at 2.5 GHz show an impedance bandwidth of 260 MHz (2.35 GHz to 2.61 GHz) and axial ratio bandwidth of 120 MHz (2.48 GHz to 2.60 GHz). The simulated and measured results show a good agreement.

Design Challenges and Solutions of Multiband MIMO Antenna for 5G/6G Wireless Applications: A Comprehensive Review

“…An ideal CP wave is achieved for the value of AR = 0 dB, which is not feasible. So an AR ≤ 3 dB is considered as a practical CP wave [100]. Here are some commonly techniques used to attain CP:…”