Axial and radial CO concentration profiles in an atmospheric bubbling FB combustor

Tarelho, Luís António da Cruz; Matos, Manuel Arlindo Amador de; Pereira, Fernando Jorge Malaquias Antunes

doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2005.01.002

Cited by 23 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 16 publications

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“…Figure 3a,b provide a comparison between experimental and numerical outcomes for CO2 and CO concentrations at varying vertical heights and radial distances. These simulations followed the experimental parameters, using 100% primary air and an operational temperature of 1098 K [19]. Similarly to the results for NO concentration, the model exhibited a commendable ability to predict CO2 and CO concentrations at different reactor positions, with notable concordance between numerical and experimental values.…”

Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 55%

“…including paramagnetic (O 2 ), nondispersive infrared (CO 2 , CO, N 2 O, SO 2 ), chemiluminescence (NO) and flame ionization (hydrocarbons) detectors. Further information on the experimental setup can be found in [19].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…including paramagnetic (O2), non-dispersive infrared (CO2, CO, N2O, SO2), chemiluminescence (NO) and flame ionization (hydrocarbons) detectors. Further information on the experimental setup can be found in [19]. continuous line-pneumatic circuit; A-primary air heating system; B-sand bed; C-bed solids level control; D-bed solids discharge; E-bed solids discharge silo; F-propane burner system; Gcoal addition port; H-airflow meter; I-control and command unit (UCC2); J-PC; K-coal feeder; L-gas sampling probe (water cooled probes); M-Exhaust duct; N, O, Q, R-Command and gas distribution units; P-gas sampling pump; PC-computer data acquisition and control system; S, T, U, V, W, X, Y-automatic online gas analyzers for determination of O2, CO2, CO, N2O, NO, SO2, and HC; Z-electronic command unit; UCD0, UCD1, UCD2, UCD3-electro-pneumatic command and gas distribution units; UCE1-electronic command unit.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Process Optimization and Robustness Analysis of Ammonia–Coal Co-Firing in a Pilot-Scale Fluidized Bed Reactor

Cardoso,

Silva,

Chavando

et al. 2024

Energies

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A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) model was coupled with an advanced statistical strategy combining the response surface method (RSM) and the propagation of error (PoE) approach to optimize and test the robustness of the co-firing of ammonia (NH3) and coal in a fluidized bed reactor for coal phase-out processes. The CFD model was validated under experimental results collected from a pilot fluidized bed reactor. A 3k full factorial design of nine computer simulations was performed using air staging and NH3 co-firing ratio as input factors. The selected responses were NO, NH3 and CO2 emissions generation. The findings were that the design of experiments (DoE) method allowed for determining the best operating conditions to achieve optimal operation. The optimization process identified the best-operating conditions to reach stable operation while minimizing harmful emissions. Through the implementation of desirability function and robustness, the optimal operating conditions that set the optimized responses for single optimization showed not to always imply the most stable set of values to operate the system. Robust operating conditions showed that maximum performance was attained at high air staging levels (around 40%) and through a balanced NH3 co-firing ratio (around 30%). The results of the combined multi-optimization process performance should provide engineers, researchers and professionals the ability to make smarter decisions in both pilot and industrial environments for emissions reduction for decarbonization in energy production processes.

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Section: Model Validationmentioning

confidence: 55%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Process Optimization and Robustness Analysis of Ammonia–Coal Co-Firing in a Pilot-Scale Fluidized Bed Reactor

Cardoso,

Silva,

Chavando

et al. 2024

Energies

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“…In addition, circulation ash can provide abundant active sites for NOx catalytic reduction [32,33]. Additionally, the concentration of reducing gases such as CO in certain areas of the furnace is high [34], which is beneficial to the reduction of NOx.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Analysis of Combustion Characteristics of a CFB Boiler during the Changes Process between High-Rated Loads and Low-Rated Loads

Jiang,

Tang,

Zhang

et al. 2023

Energies

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In order to alleviate problems such as large fluctuations in grid load caused by the high proportion of renewable energy, circulating fluidized bed (CFB) power plants undertake the task of rated load regulation. This study discussed the combustion characteristics of a 100 KW CFB boiler during the operation process of varying loads and analyzes the combustion characteristics, load regulation rate and emissions variation law during the operation process of high- and low-rated load intervals. The experimental results showed that under the condition of a high-rated load, the average temperature of each area in the furnace was proportional to the size of the load. Under low-rated load conditions, the temperature change increased first and then decreased with the reduction in load. In the 30% load stage, the lowest temperature in the riser was 740 °C, while the temperature in the loop seal was even as low as 650 °C. The concentrations of O2, CO and unburned carbon mainly depended on the combustion reaction intensity under each load condition, which showed a higher trend at low load (30%). In terms of NOx emission, it was proportional to the load in the high-rated load range. However, the NOx generation at the 30% load was about 30 mg/Nm3(@6%O2) higher than the 50% load. In addition, the regulation load rate (2.5%/min) between high-load conditions exhibited significantly greater than that between low-load conditions (0.78%/min). Therefore, the low-load operation will face problems such as low furnace temperature, uneven gas–solid fluidization, and difficult control of pollutant generation, which need to be paid attention to during operation.

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“…Different conditions are present in the different parts of a CFB boiler. The carbon monoxide content in dense phase zone at the bottom is usually high, while there is an oxidizing atmosphere in local splash zone due to the secondary air injection or bubble breakage (Knobig et al, 1998;Tarelho et al, 2005;Tourunen et al, 2009). The fuel burnout and emission formation chemistry are determined by the different local atmospheres present (He et al, 2006;Li et al, 2018;Zhou et al, 2017).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Modeling of the axial distributions of volatile species in a circulating fluidized bed boiler

Engblom

Zhang

et al. 2021

Chemical Engineering Science

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Axial and radial CO concentration profiles in an atmospheric bubbling FB combustor

Cited by 23 publications

References 16 publications

Process Optimization and Robustness Analysis of Ammonia–Coal Co-Firing in a Pilot-Scale Fluidized Bed Reactor

Process Optimization and Robustness Analysis of Ammonia–Coal Co-Firing in a Pilot-Scale Fluidized Bed Reactor

Comparative Analysis of Combustion Characteristics of a CFB Boiler during the Changes Process between High-Rated Loads and Low-Rated Loads

Modeling of the axial distributions of volatile species in a circulating fluidized bed boiler

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