AWE development of active interrogation techniques for the detection of SNM

Owen, M.; Weston, G.; O’Malley, J.

doi:10.1117/12.818143

Cited by 4 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…Division ii refers to primary radiation arising from active interrogation. An illustrative phenomenon is the fission process of SNM induced by a probing beam of neutrons or photons, where gamma spectroscopy is used to detect this process and infer the presence of the fissile material [29]. Active interrogation can enhance the sensitivity with which SNM can be detected at fixed distances, or it can be used to extend range in applications such as maritime interdiction.…”

Section: Category 3 the Primary Radiation From Nuclear Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A framework for the systematic realisation of phenomena for enhanced sensing of radiological and nuclear materials, and radiation

Healy

2015

J. Radiol. Prot.

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The quest for new sensing phenomena continues because detecting, discriminating, identifying, measuring and monitoring nuclear materials and their radiation from greater range, at lower concentrations, and in a more timely fashion brings greater safety, security and efficiency. The potential phenomena are diverse, and those that have been realised can be found in disparate fields of science, engineering and medicine, which makes the full range difficult to realise and record. The framework presented here offers a means to systematically and comprehensively explore nuclear sensing phenomena. The approach is based on the fundamental concepts of matter and energy, where the sequence starts with the original nuclear material and its emissions, and progressively considers signatures arising from secondary effects and the emissions from associated materials and the environment. Concepts of operations such as active and passive interrogation, and networked sensing are considered. In this operational light, unpacking nuclear signatures forces a fresh look at the sensing concept. It also exposes how some phenomena that exist in established technology may be considered novel based on how they could be exploited rather than what they fundamentally are. This article selects phenomena purely to illustrate the framework and how it can be best used to foster creativity in the quest for novel phenomena rather than exhaustively listing, categorising or comparing any practical aspects of candidate phenomena.

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Section: Category 3 the Primary Radiation From Nuclear Materialsmentioning

confidence: 99%

A framework for the systematic realisation of phenomena for enhanced sensing of radiological and nuclear materials, and radiation

Healy

2015

J. Radiol. Prot.

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“…Naturally emitted neutrons and gamma-rays by SNM form the basis for all passive detection methods [6,7]. Active interrogation methods probe SNM by various types of radiation yielding very unique and often strong signatures [2,8]. However, there are many possible sources of neutrons and gamma-rays in the environment due to terrestrial, atmospheric, and cosmic-ray induced backgrounds, as well as man-made sources for industrial and medical uses [9,10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Multiplicity correlation between neutrons and gamma-rays emitted from SNM and non-SNM sources

Miloshevsky

Hassanein

2015

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B:

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a b s t r a c tThe challenge in detection and identification of Special Nuclear Materials (SNM) is to discriminate between the time-correlated neutrons and gamma-rays emitted from SNM and those originating from non-correlated or differently-correlated environmental non-SNM sources. Time-correlated neutron and gamma-ray bursts can be generated by penetrating components of cosmic radiation. The characteristic features or attributes of correlated signatures can be revealed by analyzing the joint probability density functions (JPDFs) of various parameters of neutrons and gamma-rays. Monte Carlo simulations of SNM and cosmic-ray (non-SNM) sources of neutrons and gamma-rays are performed. For both SNM and non-SNM sources, energy-lifetime JPDF of neutrons, energy-lifetime JPDF of gamma-rays, and JPDFs of neutron-gamma-ray multiplicity are evaluated. Mean values, standard deviations, covariance and correlation are estimated. It is found that the number (multiplicity) of neutrons and gamma-rays emitted from an SNM source is moderately correlated ($0.48). The multiplicity of neutrons and gamma-rays generated by cosmic-ray showers at sea level is only weakly correlated ($À0.046). The exploitation of neutrongamma-ray multiplicity correlation in detectors can provide a tool to discriminate non-SNM sources.

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Energy–angle correlation of neutrons and gamma-rays emitted from an HEU source

Miloshevsky

Hassanein

2014

Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A:

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AWE development of active interrogation techniques for the detection of SNM

Cited by 4 publications

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A framework for the systematic realisation of phenomena for enhanced sensing of radiological and nuclear materials, and radiation

A framework for the systematic realisation of phenomena for enhanced sensing of radiological and nuclear materials, and radiation

Multiplicity correlation between neutrons and gamma-rays emitted from SNM and non-SNM sources

Energy–angle correlation of neutrons and gamma-rays emitted from an HEU source

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