Awareness of Breast Cancer Screening and Risk Factors among the General Female Population in the Western Province of Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background: Worldwide, breast cancer is the most common cancer affecting women, and a common cause of death-related cancer. Fortunately, evidence suggests that we might be able to help improve the outcome with screening, early diagnosis, and intervention. Objective: The present study investigates the awareness of breast cancer screening and breast cancer risk factors among women in the western province of Saudi Arabia. Method: The present study employed a cross-sectional survey design, with 365 participating females (aged ≥ 18 years) in the western region of Saudi Arabia. Data were collected from December 2019 to January 2020 using a self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire covered sociodemographic characteristics, breast cancer knowledge, risk factors, family history, and screening, as well as personal medical history. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, the t-test, and one-way ANOVA tests. Result: In general, the majority of the women (98.1%) were aware of breast cancer screening. The most commonly identified risk factor in our study was a family history of breast cancer (75.1%), and women with previous exposure to breast cancer measured significantly higher on the socioeconomic index score (M=0.147, SD-0.95) than did those who had never been screened (M=-0.134, SD=1, p=0.007). The findings denote that the women who had a higher knowledge are of a higher socioeconomic class and educational level than were those who were measured and found to have a lower knowledge. Conclusion: The findings indicate that the level of awareness of breast cancer screening and breast cancer risk factors, including knowledge about mammogram usage, among women of Saudi Arabia is acceptable, being more than a half. However, the results are still sub-optimal and more educational campaigns are needed to improve the knowledge and screening compliance.

Factors Affecting Breast Cancer Screening Behavior Among Women in Saudi Arabia: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study

“…A previous study from Saudi Arabia has indicated insufficient levels of awareness about breast cancer, leading to inappropriate attitudes and practices toward screening [ 18 ]. However, another study in the Western Province of Saudi Arabia showed that most women (98.1%) were aware of breast cancer screening, and 47.7% had already been screened for breast cancer [ 19 ]. Another study from Saudi Arabia showed that among 16,000 women invited to a screening program from 2012 to 2019, only 11.9% participated [ 20 ].…”